A great number of empirical researches show that hedging is associated with higher firm value, particularly hedging interest rate and exchange rate. However, there is no clear support for value-added risk management hypothesis in the case of producers of commodities. Moreover, according to Shrand and Unal (1997), there are two types of Risks, core business Risks (or core risk) and homogeneous Risks (or non core Risks), which are based on a firm's comparative advantages with respects to the source of risk. Firm can earn economic profits for bearing core Risks in which it has a comparative information advantage. Firm earn a zero economic rents for bearing non-core Risks, where it has no advantage information than its competitors.

The survey describes a number of Risks that Swedish farming companies are exposed to. The risk areas covered by the survey are currency Risks, price Risks and financial Risks. The survey further describes why these Risks have a great impact on the future development of the farming companies. The survey highlights the interrelation between the Risks and the measures which can be used to minimize the Risks, so-called financial instruments. The aim of the survey is to put focus on above mentioned Risks and describe how these Risks can be reduced to prevent the Swedish farming industry from stagnating in the future. The survey is a secondary survey whereby existing knowledge about Risks and risk management is applied to farming companies. The written information on price Risks and hedging is primarily derived from foreign sources.

The interest for venture capital within the financial sector in Sweden has, according to earlier studies, been seen as a growing occurrence. Especially for what is known as informal venture capital. In modern times, private investors who engage themselves in small, unlisted companies, providing informal venture capital are to be known as business angels. They close equity gaps on the financial market by contribute financial capital to start-ups and are therefore an important participant on today?s market.

The purpose of my study is to investigate whether luck egalitarianism can be savedfrom its inability to draw a line between Risks which can reasonably be expected to beavoided, and risk which can not. Such a demarcation is of particular importance forthis influential theory of distributive justice, since it serves to judge whether a personis entitled to compensation for a bad outcome of a taken risk, or not. Testing theintuitiveness and coherence of various contending principles for how to separateavoidable Risks from unavoidable ones, I conclude that luck egalitarianism seemsunable to draw a clear line between the two kinds of Risks. Instead the theory appearsto be dependent on conceptions of a 'normal life', making it remarkably vague.Furthermore, I argue that luck egalitarianism seems unable to manage without takingsufficientarian and utilitarian concerns into account, for the purpose of decidingwhich Risks are avoidable, and which are not..

All companies face risk in their daily business. Internationalised companies tend to experience higher risk due to for example unfamiliar business environment than companies that act only on the national market. Estonia became independent as late as in 1991 and is therefore a new interesting market for many companies in neighbouring countries like Sweden. Risks that are most apparent for an internationalised company are political risk, currency risk, capital and interest rate risk, business risk and credit risk. Our intention of this study was to find out how Swedish companies acting on the Estonian market faced the different Risks when entering the Estonian market and how they value the Risks today.

This report contains a risk analysis of transportation of dangerous goods in Kalmar. The analysis is based on quantitative data and an evaluation of the Risks based on both the probability of occurring accidents as well as the consequences of those. The Risks are presented as both individual and societal Risks..

Background: As companies are operating in more globally and complex environments, the need for risk control is accelerating. In an ever-changing environment, companies cannot merely focus on traditional Risks, which include financial and insurable Risks. To maintain competitiveness, companies need to extend their risk management to include all Risks, traditional as well as operational and strategic Risks. Purpose: The purpose is to describe and position risk management for Telecom operators, in comparison with the risk management literature, with regards to structure, processes, learning process, visions and benefits. In addition, our aim is to link risk management perspectives with the different strategies for knowledge management.

Places like nightclubs or pubs are frequently visited in order to find partners for love, sex and relationships. This study examins behavioral patterns and trends among young adults in these environments. A computer-based questionnaire has been implemented on entertainment establishments - two studentclubs, one youth club and three nightclubs - in Malmoe and Lund in southern Sweden. The emprical material contains at most 149 answers, and at least 109. Sex, love and relationships are less important than expected, but are still some of few big reasons for visiting nightclubs.

Many organizations today work in projects, a method of organizing work to provide a clearer focus on goals and more control of every aspect of the assignment. A project is, simply put, a plan to achieve a specific result. In turn, project management means to use various tools and methods to facilitate and streamline the effort towards achieving the goal with the project.Risk management is the activity that refers to finding, identifying and quantify different types of Risks and take appropriate action towards reducing or eliminating these Risks to the extent possible. With increased use of projects as a method of working the demands for managing Risks better become stronger. The question that this thesis tried to answer was: ?What kind of Risks does the IT industry think are linked to their projects and in what way does these companies manage these Risks??Among the project leaders interviewed, the authors could see a great variation in lines of thought and values regarding the importance of risk management and how risk management should be handled.

Risk management is a key competency that is constantly being researched how it can be improved within project management. The risk management process consists of four major steps: identify Risks, assess the Risks? significance on the project, evaluate and address the key Risks and follow up.The majority of companies seem to neglect certain identified Risks, and decide not to mitigate if the risk does not cause adverse effects to the business. To counteract undesirable consequences and help organisations to become more effective at managing Risks an initial work has been conducted for a risk repository.The project develops a proposal on the design of a risk repository which aim to effectively support a database implementation. The study includes literature studies which resulted in a relational model for database implementation.

The purpose with this essay is to study how companies use the repositioning process and identify the Risks involved from a business perspective. We have chosen to base our essay on the following research questions:What reasons are there for a company to initiate a repositioning?, What does it mean for companies to implement a repositioning?, What are the Risks with a repositioning?We have used a qualitative research method and have chosen to interview six respondents which in various ways are actively working with brand repositioning. Our study has been implemented with and deductive character.The most important conclusion that we observed after implementing our study is that repositioning is a high-risk project. Instead of changing their entire brand image, companies should instead make small changes and revitalize the brand by developing the strength that already exist.

Abstract Over the years the consciousness of risk has grown. It?s hard to influence Risks, therefore there are guidelines stating that significant risk must be included in the annual report. This paper is a case study; the purpose was to examine how four Swedish listed companies chose to disclose their internal and external Risks. Risk is initially described in general sense and then it figures to what constitutes an economic risk.Through a case study of four Swedish listed companies? annual reports we have, through qualitative methods found how the companies chose to disclosure their Risks.

Abstract Over the years the consciousness of risk has grown. It?s hard to influence Risks, therefore there are guidelines stating that significant risk must be included in the annual report. This paper is a case study; the purpose was to examine how four Swedish listed companies chose to disclose their internal and external Risks. Risk is initially described in general sense and then it figures to what constitutes an economic risk.Through a case study of four Swedish listed companies? annual reports we have, through qualitative methods found how the companies chose to disclosure their Risks.

Abstract Over the years the consciousness of risk has grown. It?s hard to influence Risks, therefore there are guidelines stating that significant risk must be included in the annual report. This paper is a case study; the purpose was to examine how four Swedish listed companies chose to disclose their internal and external Risks. Risk is initially described in general sense and then it figures to what constitutes an economic risk.Through a case study of four Swedish listed companies? annual reports we have, through qualitative methods found how the companies chose to disclosure their Risks.

Abstract Over the years the consciousness of risk has grown. It?s hard to influence Risks, therefore there are guidelines stating that significant risk must be included in the annual report. This paper is a case study; the purpose was to examine how four Swedish listed companies chose to disclose their internal and external Risks. Risk is initially described in general sense and then it figures to what constitutes an economic risk.Through a case study of four Swedish listed companies? annual reports we have, through qualitative methods found how the companies chose to disclosure their Risks.