The introduced lodgepole Pine (Pinus contorta) occupies more than 650 000 hectares in Sweden. There are some differences between lodgepole Pine and Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris) forests which could affect bird assemblages, for example differences in canopy density and ground vegetation. Birds were surveyed in 14 localities in northern Sweden, each characterized by one middle-aged stand of lodgepole Pine next to a stand of Scots Pine. The two paired stands in each locality were planted by the forestry company SCA at the same time and in similar environment to evaluate the potential of lodgepole Pine in Sweden. In those 14 localities, one to three point count stations were established in both the lodgepole Pine and the Scots Pine stand, depending on the size of the area.

In this work, I describe the factors that affect the bucking of Pine logs on the basis of the machine operator. The aim is to find an explanation why the bucking differs so greatly between requested length results and the actual length results in Pine bucking. The used methods in this study were data from simulated Pine outcomes, data from earlier length outcomes and analysis of the harvesters' PRI files. This is to identify the problem. To explain the background to the problems a qualitative research interview was used.

The third most common conifer in Sweden is Pinus contorta (lodgepole Pine). It originates from the western part of North America and was brought here in the end of the 1920s. The lodgepole Pine is today allowed for commercial plantations in central and northern Sweden, excluding high altitude locations. Since 1979 only plantations with scientific purpose are allowed in south-central and south Sweden. This document is focused on how lodgepole Pine manage perform compared with Pinus sylvestris (Scots Pine) in the southernmost part of Sweden, Götaland. The idea came from the fact that the Swedish government is evaluating a notification from the National Forest Agency that suggests lodgepole Pine to be allowed for commercial plantation even in southern Sweden.

The aim of the study was to compare how the population of Pine (Pinus sylvestris) and spruce (Picea abies) have changed between 1927 and 2013 in the oak landscape south of Linköping. A field study was carried out in 22 two kilometre lines which also had been studied in 1927. In these lines, which where ten meters broad and had a direction from west to east, the Pines and spruces were counted, measured and classified by steam diameter. The obtained result was that the basal steam area (m²/ha) had increased for Pine (44%) and spruce (57%) between 1927 and 2013. The amount of trees had increased in all diameter classes except thinner Pine and spruce with a diameter of 5-10cm.

In the 1970´s the North American lodgepole Pine (Pinus contorta) was introduced to Sweden in large scale. The lodgepole Pine affects its new environment different from Scots Pine (P. sylvestris), leading to a change in biological diversity. Forestry today affects the ground beetle fauna (Carabidae). Habitat specialists associated with older forests are first affected. When the canopy closes again after a clear-cutting species that prefer open habitats reduces and those who prefer mature/closed forests increase. In this study we compare differences in diversity and community structure of ground beetles in stands of lodgepole Pine and Scots Pine.

This survey was made during the summer of 2004 and the spring of 2005, on commission from the National Board of Forestry. The aim of this report was to investigate how often Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst), is planted on poor Scotch Pine (Pinus Silvestries) sites and if it affects the yield of Norway spruce? In order to investigate this, data from 29 stands witch had a lower site index than T24 was collected. The investigated stands were situated in the southern-eastern Sweden. In 20 plots in each stand, the highest tree, age, number of seedlings, site index and tree species per stand were measured.

Productivity of Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris) was studied on 12 sites in coastal areas of northern Sweden. On each site, sample plots were placed in adjacent Norway spruce and Scots Pine stands with similar ages in between. Basal area, tree height, Site Index, volume production, simulated maximum mean annual increment (MAImax) and tree vitality were compared for the two species. Average basal area at the time of measurement was 30.4% larger for Scots Pine stands than for Norway spruce stands. The difference between the two species in basal area increment during the last 10 years was related to stand age.

Swedish forests are dominated by just two conifer species Norway spruce and Scotch Pine. They are not able to achieve the highest possible production or fulfill industry demands for raw materials. The introduction of exotic conifers can potentially meet these shortcomings and present a relevant solution. This study was conducted in a block experiment with ten blocks planted in 1987 by SCA in North Sweden. The objective of the block experiment was to study if Black spruce is an appropriate alternative to Lodgepole Pine, Norway spruce and Scotch Pine on different site classes.

Large areas of Lodgepole Pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia) were planted in the 1970s - and '80s. The purpose of the fast-growing species was to increase growth and with short rotation periods allow a rapidly increased harvest level. Today a large proportion of the young forests owned by Holmen Skog, Iggesund are covered by Lodgepole Pine and an active forest management is required to spread the harvested volume over time which is desirable by a market perspective. The purpose of this essay is to investigate the possibility of spreading the harvested volume of Lodgepole Pine over time.

Modern methods for managing Pine (Pinus sylvestris) create homogenized forests. This decreases nature?s potential for biodiversity and might threaten species in need of different types of milieu. The main purpose of this study was to investigate how important older Pine trees are for biodiversity. In the Hall-Hangvar Reserve in the north-west part of Gotland, insects collected from traps showed that more species were found in old or dead trees compared to younger Pine trees.

Digital depth-to-water maps can be produced from a digital elevation model (DEM). Then GIS- based algorithms are used to calculate water flows and the depth-to-water index classes dry, fresh, moist and wet. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility to use depth- to-water maps for site adapted planting.The results showed that use of depth-to-water maps for site adapted planting, roughly halved the proportion of improperly planted surfaces from an average of 9 % to 4 %. The variation in the values of proper surface decreased and the result became more even.. In addition, more Pine than spruce was incorrectly planted.

Pine twisting rust (Melampsora pinitorqua) is a parasitic rust fungus found all across Sweden causing damage resulting in lower quality and reduced tree growth in Pine stands. In Sweden, the fungus is dependent on two alternate hosts; European aspen (Populus tremula) and Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris). Pine twisting rust has five different spore stages, two of them (uredinio- and teliospores) on the leaves of aspen. Injures on aspen caused by Pine twisting rust is not extensive. On the other hand, when it infects the annual shoots of Scots Pine it often results in a bent steam or even a top shoot breakage.

The filters used today to purify water are often expensive and the need to find new filter materials is substantial. Studies of Pine bark have shown that this is a material that may be used as an alternative to conventional filter materials, such as activated carbon. However, the study of Pine bark has shown that a leakage of phenolic compounds may occur when using the material for water purification. Therefore, the purpose of this report is to investigate the release of phenols from Pine bark, in order to evaluate the use of Pine bark as a filter material. Another assignment is to investigate the amount of metals adsorbed by the filter material.

SCA has today almost 300 000 hectares of their forest land planted with lodgepole Pine(Pinus contorta var. latifolia). Due to initial extensive planting in the 1970ies the area oflodgepole Pine forests in the thinning age has grown rapidly from the end of the 1990ies.During the years 1996-2005 first commercial thinning of lodgepole Pine at SCA took place.The goal of the hereby presented study was to investigate the growth and stability in thosefirstly-thinned lodgepole Pine stands a few years after thinning. Furthermore, the objectivewas to investigate the relationship between stand stability and different stand parameters.Additionally, lodgepole Pine stem quality was estimated.The study is mainly based on the data collected during an inventory project carried out atSCA in 2008. Altogether 91 lodgepole Pine stands in northern Sweden were measured afterthe first thinning.

Femsjö is a small parish situated in Hylte municipality, Växjö diocese. The parish has a total area of 8230 ha of which 5000 ha are covered with forest. There have not been any large industries in the parish offering work opportunities for the inhabitants, so they have had to generate income from their land and the forest. Instead of going to the bank to get a bank loan the people of Femsjö parish went out in to the forest and harvested trees for timber and extra cash revenue. Production of Pine tar and potash were two other ways that the residents of Femsjö parish could earn extra money for the household in order to keep starvation away.