This study concerns congenital defects in pigs; umbilical and scrotal Hernia, cryptorchidism, kyphosis, splay legs, anal atresia, intersexuality and congenital tremor. The aim was to describe and estimate the prevalence of these defects and estimate the heritability for the most frequent defects, scrotal Hernia and cryptorchidism in purebred Swedish Hampshire, Landrace and Yorkshire populations. Furthermore, information and opinions from herdsmen in commercial herds was collected and analysed. A low proportion of congenital defect pigs is of importance both from animal welfare and economic point of view. The accuracy of registration of the presence of defects in the litters has a decisive role for the ability to select against these defects.

Degaardt, M & Rubensson, M. Postoperativt förlopp efter dagkirurgisk ljumskbråcksoperation. Uppföljningssamtal som grund för kvalitetsutveckling. Examensarbete i omvårdnad 15 högskolepoäng. Malmö högskola: Hälsa och samhälle, Utbildningsområde omvårdnad, 2010. Syftet med denna studie var att göra en bedömning av den postoperativa förloppet i hemmet hos dagkirurgiska ljumskbråcksopererade patienter. Data insamlade med hjälp av högstrukturerade telefonintervjuer.

Ett ökande antal operationer sker dagkirurgiskt vilket leder till att patienten får ett kortare avbrott i arbete och socialt liv. Denna typ av vård medför dock mindre tid för undervisning perioperativt, vilket blir en utmaning för vårdpersonalen. Information är centralt i omvårdnaden av patienten som genomgår ett kirurgiskt ingrepp. Utan information har patienten en minskad förmåga att ta en aktiv del i den perioperativa processen. Studiens syfte var att beskriva patientens upplevelse av perioperativ information vid ett dagkirurgiskt ingrepp.

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to examine if a pre- and post-operative difference could be seen in self-reported pain disability and self-efficacy among patients undergoing surgery as treatment for spinal disc Herniation in order to improve process of rehabilitation.Method: A quantitative and descriptive design was used. 10 patients awaiting surgical treatment for spinal disc Herniation were included at Akademiska sjukhuset (The Academic Hospital) in Uppsala. Participation was voluntary and the selection was made by convenience. Data was collected using The Pain Disability Index and Self-Efficacy Scale by which the patient would estimate how hindered they felt because of their pain in everyday activities and their self-efficacy to perform everyday activities. This was done the day before surgery and two weeks after surgery.

The first two weeks in a pup's life is called the neonatal period. This period is dominated by growth and development of organs and senses. The puppy is born blind and deaf and the physiological disability makes it unable to move properly. The neonatal period is characterized by a lot of sleeping. The pup receives the important milk and warmth from the bitch.