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67 Uppsatser om Fertilization - Sida 1 av 5
Skogsmarksgödsling : en ekonomisk analys av olika gödslingsstrategier för ett skogsinnehav i norra Sverige
The purpose of this study is to analyze the economic effects of different Fertilization programs both on stand- and forest-level. The study is applied on an objective sample of inventory data for a forest area in Kalix in northern Sweden. The forest area belongs to the forest company Sveaskog. The study includes different economic models and will be used as a support when the company decides how to invest and how much to invest in Fertilization.
The study investigates the economy of five different Fertilization policies. For each program the rate of interest invested in Fertilization and the cost for the extra produced volume has been calculated.
Gödslingsstrategins inverkan på Holmen Skog, Umeå distrikt
This thesis analyzes the effects of different Fertilization strategies on forest management at Holmen Skog in Umeå district. Harvesting volumes, net present values and Fertilization intensity are presented for each Fertilization scenario. The planning reserve (percentage area older than minimum final felling age) was also analyzed in this study.The thesis covers the analysis of five different Fertilization scenarios, varying in Fertilization intensity, from no Fertilization at all, to Fertilization at every harvesting operation (thinning or final felling). A sub-study was also carried out so the reader in detail can see how the different Fertilization scenarios affect individual forest stands of different nature. The analysis has been done with the planning tool PlanWise, which is an application of the Heureka analysis and planning system.
Exercise pens as an environmental enrichment for laboratory rabbits
This thesis analyzes the effects of different Fertilization strategies on forest management at Holmen Skog in Umeå district. Harvesting volumes, net present values and Fertilization intensity are presented for each Fertilization scenario. The planning reserve (percentage area older than minimum final felling age) was also analyzed in this study.The thesis covers the analysis of five different Fertilization scenarios, varying in Fertilization intensity, from no Fertilization at all, to Fertilization at every harvesting operation (thinning or final felling). A sub-study was also carried out so the reader in detail can see how the different Fertilization scenarios affect individual forest stands of different nature. The analysis has been done with the planning tool PlanWise, which is an application of the Heureka analysis and planning system.
Kalkning och vitaliseringsgödsling : synpunkter från organisationer och myndigheter samtprivata markägare i Kronobergs län
The background for this thesis is that at the beginnings of 1980´s the National Board of Forest started an experiment of lime dressing to reduce acidification in forest soil and in ground water. The purposes of this report are to explain organization?s, government?s and private landowners viewpoint on lime dressing and vitalization Fertilization, some socio-economic aspects are presented. The general conclusions are that the majority of the interested party?s are positive to vitalization Fertilization but the forests owner?s in generally need much more information about this topic..
Ligger bäckarna rätt i kartan?
?Are the headwaters streams at the right position in the map? is a study that has been performed on behalf of Holmen Forest, region Örnsköldsvik. This study will be the basis for deciding if the Hydrology Layer Property map or Holmen Forest map will be used for planning nitrogen Fertilization in forestry. The background to this study is that nitrogen Fertilization near water will increase the risk of nitrogen leaching out into the water systems, which has a negative impact on the environment. The headstreams positions have been recorded in the field with a GPS and the data analyzed in the geographic information system ArcMap.
Where has the fertilizer gone? Closing the nutrient budget for a eucalyptus fertilization experiment in southern China
An increasing demand for wood products in China has resulted in large areas invested in fast-growing tree plantations of eucalyptus. Eucalyptus plantations are often associated with an intensive management including Fertilization. By understanding the effects of Fertilization and where in the ecosystem nutrients are accumulated a more sustainable forest management could be achieved. In this study, a nutrient budget including all biomass and soil components was created for Eucalyptus urophylla. The examined nutrients were nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
Kaliumgödsling på torvmark - effekt på tillväxten hos planterade granar (Picea abies)
Peat lands are a great potential resource for increased forest growth in Sweden, there are approximately 6.5 million hectares of peat lands, whereof around 70% produce less wood than one m3sk/ha and year and are therefore classed as forest waste land. There are over 200 000 hectares of peat land that is already drained and wooded, and that may be suitable for Fertilization. Forest production on peat soils usually requires drainage and Fertilization. Dewatering requires ditching the area, so that the roots can have access to oxygen. Nitrogen is often abundant in the peat but other nutrients; especially potassium is in short supply. The purpose of this work was to examine the effects of potassium Fertilization on the growth of spruces that were planted on drained peat land and how different amount of fertilizers affects the growth. Potassium deficiency is strongly growth inhibiting, since potassium is important for substance transport in the tree. Potassium is also important for the carbohydrate formation, and because increasing the sugar content of the cells constitutes a lower freezing temperature does potassium availability in the soil play a major role in the winter resistance of many species. Potassium is not found in any organic compounds in the tree, but is present in cell and tissue fluids. A Fertilization trial was started in 1978 in Siljansfors Experimental Forest. The plots in the experiment were fertilized with different amounts of potassium and one plot was left without Fertilization. All plots that were fertilized with potassium grew considerably better than the unfertilized plot. The difference in production between the unfertilized plot and the plot that received the most potassium was 7.2 m3sk/ha and year. The unfertilized plot can still be classified as waste land. The theoretical production capacity was estimated using a Swedish system for site quality estimation of wetlands after ditching (dikningsbonitering). The plot with most potassium produced after Fertilizationaproximately in level with theoretical estimations. Key words: Peat land, Fertilization, Ditching, Growth, site quality..
Varierad kaliumgödsling i potatis : en fältstudie i Hedemora
Variation in tuber quality within a single field was one of the motives for a pilot study
in Halland, in south-western Sweden conducted during 2002. Quality problems in potatoes have been increasing due to the aggregation of several small fields with different land use history into larger farm units, which are heterogeneous in soil properties and fertility. The study in Halland indicated that both the uniformity and the mean size of tubers may increase from site-specific K Fertilization, whereas total yields may be unaffected. The results from this pilot-study with site-specific Fertilization showed that tubers reached a more uniform quality and gave a more uniform mean size, while the total yield wasn't affected at all.
Site-specific K-Fertilization has been applied for some years in Halland with good
results. The aim of this study was to test this technique in another potato growing
area.
Fertilization in Eucalyptus urophylla plantations in Guangxi, southern China
StoraEnso decided in year 2002 to build a pulp mill in the province of Guangxi, southernChina, and also establish eucalyptus plantations to provide it with raw material. By 2010StoraEnso controls about 90 000 of planned 120 000 ha, out of 75 000 ha is already plantedwith Eucalyptus.By using better genetic material, improve the tending, selecting the sites more careful and byusing a proper Fertilization regime StoraEnso hopes to increase the mean annual incrementfrom today?s 25 m3/ha, on bark, to 35 m3/ha. This study is one part in this work to increase themean annual increment in the plantation.This master thesis is the forth in a series, that has followed up a Fertilization trial that startedin spring 2006 when the trial was laid out and treatments decided. The aim with the trial is toexamine the production potential of Eucalyptus urophylla in Guangxi, southern China.
Effekt av olika kvävegödselmedel på utvecklingen av klumprotsjuka i salladskål (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis)
The price trend on rapeseed the latest years has led to an increasing interest to grow the crop among many farmers in Sweden. The price trend has resulted in more than a doubling of the oilseed area since the early 2000s. For many farmers it is an advantage to increase cultivation of rapeseed because of the high proportion of cereals in the crop rotation on many farms, but it is not just benefits. The risk of the fields being infected by clubroot increases within frequent rapeseed cultivation and it often leads to subtantial economic losses. Clubroot is caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae that is a soilborne pathogen in genus Protozoa and its resting spores can be found in the soil for up to 18 years.
Effekten av kvävegödsling på gasproduktionen vintertid i boreala sjöar
To investigate effects of nitrogen on in-lake CO2 and CH4 production during winter, three pair of lakes was subject for a fertilizing experiment in which one lake in each pair was fertilized with nitric acid (HNO3) directly into the water column in the summer of 2012. The lakes in each pair are assumed to be morphologically, hydrologically and biologically similar, that is, the non-fertilized lakes are considered references. The pairs do differ in one major way by being progressively less humic, going from around 25 mg/l to 10 mg/l DOC. Sampling and analysis was carried out at the end of the frozen period in 2013. Results show a significantly higher concentration of both CO2 (p<0,001) and CH4 (?=0,1, p=0,053) between impact and reference sites in the two less humic pairs.
Är bor nödvändigt vid skogsgödsling i Sverige?
This thesis has been made on behalf of SCA Skog AB to assess the need of boron in Swedishforest Fertilization. Boron has been added to Swedish forest fertilizers since the beginning of the1980s. This makes the fertilizers more expensive and therefore has the necessity of boron inSwedish forest Fertilization been raised.The Swedish bedrock generally contains small amounts of boron. The boron in the bedrock istightly bound to the mineral tourmaline and mostly unavailable for plants. This leads to that thecontribution of boron to the soil from weathering is very low besides soils with marinesediments.
Skogstillväxten ca 20 år efter plantering på Flakmossen : dikningens och gödslingens betydelse vid beskogning på en avslutad torvtäkt i Värmland
This study was performed in an afforestation experiment established 1982 on an abandoned peat harvesting area, Flakmossen, in the province of Värmland, SW Sweden. The experimen-tal design include planting with Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), in combination with various drainage intensities (20, 30, and 40 m between ditches), and fertilizer doses 0, 100, and 200 g PK per seedling applied at the date of planting.
The aim of this study was to achieve more knowledge about the conditions on afforestation of peat harvesting areas, especially regarding drainage intensity and Fertilization requirements, by means of determining the stand growth and yield in the Flakmossen trial.
The forest growth did not differ significantly between the drainage intensities tested when the same amount of phosphor and potassium fertilizer was added. Thus, shorter distances between ditches than 40 m can not be recommended.
When no Fertilization was carried out seedling survival was very low, and the growth of sur-vived seedlings was poor. The largest diameter and height growth were observed in the areas where the highest dose of phosphorus and potassium (200g/seedling) was given.
Askgödsling och dess lämplighet i torvmarksskogar tillhörande Sveaskog Förvaltnings AB : en litteraturstudie
During whole-tree harvesting, there is a risk that the soil will become impoverished of nutrients. To prevent this, nutrients are returned to the harvested site as wood ash. This action also reduces the risk of soil acidification. Nevertheless, the ash does not result in any increase of tree growth if it is added on mineral soils, which is where the measure is most commonly used in Sweden. Due to the lack of growth response, the interest from landowners is small, which is why ash amendment today is not done enough to compensate for the need.
Slam ? en outnyttjad resurs i skogsbruket
Every year about 210 000 tones dry weight of sewage sludge is produced in Sweden. Most of the sludge is applied to agricultural land, plantsoil and landfill cover. Sewage sludge contains essential nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus. Nitrogen is limiting growth on solid ground in Sweden and can therefore be used as fertilizer to increase productivity. In order that the sludge can be spread to forest land it requires first a conversion of sludge to pellets, to make it more manageable.