Aim: The purpose of this study was to describe, analyze and compare university students? desire to have children, when they wanted to have their first and last child and their knowledge about Fecundity in relation to the background factors: age, gender and educational level. This study will also investigate differences regarding university students? desire to have children along with when they wanted to have their first and last child and their knowledge of declining Fecundity at increasing age. Method: A descriptive, comparative, cross-sectional study with quantitative method was used in the study.

It is hard to find streaming waters where humans haven?t affected the fish populations or the running water it self. In many streams the fish populations are over harvested and this results in a lack of older and larger fish. This is also the situation for many populations of Grayling (Thymallus spp.). To be able to develop management plans and to perform actions that improve the situation for the grayling, it is therefore crucial to know what natural, by humans unaffected populations look like.

Fertilitetsegenskaper har ofta låga arvbarheter och selektion baserat på fenotyp är ofta ineffektiv och långsam. För att förbättra fertilitetsegenskaper som ovulationsmängd och kullstorlek hos får är det effektivast att selektera avelsdjur utefter deras genotyp. Olika mutationer i gener tillhörande transforming growth factor-? (TGF?) superfamiljen har visat sig påverka ovulationsmängd och kullstorlek hos får. Dessa gener är BMPR-1B, BMP15 och GDF9.

Inbreeding has become a problem in some horse breeds. Studies show that it may lead to inbreeding depression which affects e.g. reproduction traits. In the wild there are mechanisms that make horses avoid mating with close relatives. When selection is done by humans this mechanism is removed and intensive breeding for a few traits, for example good racing results, can become a problem.

There are several factors influencing the profitability of production with sheep. Two of the most important factors are ewe fertility and lamb survival. Also growth capacity of the lambs is important. This paper aims to review correlations between the ewe?s fertility and maternal behavior and lamb survival.