The aim of the thesis is twofold: the first aim is to identify a number of reproductive logics that are used to construct Swedish regulation of Embryo donation for reproductive use as either ethical or unethical in the governmental ? and medical discussions ? and to examine how these logics are interconnected with notions of gender and parenthood. The second aim is to identify a number of tensions that arise in the application of the governmental ethical logic on the Embryo and Embryo donation and discuss how these tensions can be solved with a feminist material approach. I argue that the terminology used to distinguish between genetic, biological, social and legal parenthood in my material is insufficient for understanding the value of the Embryo outside its pre-human status. I therefore argue for an Embryonic feminist bioethics that is attentive to the Embryos post-human status, and for a reformulation of the parenthood terminology in line with what I call ?reproductive ties?..

The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of performing inter-species Embryo transfer under actual field conditions in the natural habitat of South American camelids. In this study Embryos from llamas were transferred to alpaca recipients. In a parallel study alpaca Embryos were transferred to llama recipients. All animals used were free of uterine and ovarian abnormalities detectable by rectal palpation and /or ultrasound examination. Embryos were harvested twice after single ovulation in 10 mated female llamas and non-surgically transferred to synchronized alpaca recipients.

The research in the field of biotechnology is rapidly developing all over the world. Modern biotechnology offers unique opportunities, simultaneously as it gives rise to a number of ethical issues. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), PGD/HLA (Human Leucocyte Antigen) and germline gene therapy (GLGT) are controversial techniques. PGD gives a possibility to identify a genetic disease prior to the Embryo?s implantation in the uterus.

Embryotransfer är en metod där ett Embryo i tidigt stadium flyttas från en donator till ett mottagardjur som sedan bär dräktigheten till förlossning. Det innebär att donatorhonan kan donera flera Embryon under en säsong då den vanligtvis endast skulle kunna producera en avkomma. Embryo transfer är således en metod för att snabba på det genetiska urvalet i en grupp djur. Bland de mycket ekonomiskt värdefulla alpackorna i Peru, där många av herdarna saknar alternativa inkomstkällor kan Embryo transfer bidra till ett mer effektivt avelsarbete och i förlängningen en bättre levnadsstandard för alpackaherdarna och deras familjer. Studien beskriver ett experiment där ett protokoll för Embryo transfer från alpacka till lama utförs under fältmässiga omständigheter på en forskningsstation i de peruanska Anderna.

This paper is about advertising on the Internet using banners. Together with Embryo Webbyrå we have tested a lot of different ways of advertising on the online newspaper of Göteborgs-Posten, gp.se. Two of the web bureau?s existing clients, Resia and Recip, were chosen for the ads and the whole campaign lasted a period of four weeks.By comparing our banners with the consideration of format, color, placement and content we wanted to find an answer to how the most optimal banner would look.Our test result shows that visitors rather do not want to click on a banner, although we think that we have seen some interest and curiousness from visitors in the banners content. Even when the visitor does not click on a banner, the message might be put in mind for a future purchase or act..

In couples diagnosed with unexplained infertility, the woman has normal ovulatory cycles and no organic pathology, and the man has normal semen. The period during which the implantation of an Embryo can occur is defined as the window of implantation (WOI). For infertile women, disturbances in the endometrium maturation are hypothesized to impair the uterine receptivity for Embryo implantaition. However, there are still no methods found to predict endometrial receptivity.Hemoglobin related-proteins hypothesized to be involved in Embryo implantation have been found in the endometrium in both fertile and infertile women. The aim of this study was to determine whether there were differences in the expression of hemoglobin-related proteins, hemoglobin-?, cytoglobin, fetal hemoglobin and haptoglobin in the endometrium of fertile and infertile women.

Honlig reproduktion är ett brett och komplicerat ämne. I detta arbete analyseras läror och teorier om honan och hennes reproduktion i ett försök att se närmare på de detaljer som påverkar olika aspekter på att vara hona. Arbetet delas upp i olika avsnitt som fokuserar på de olika faktorerna genetik, fysiologi och beteende. Även Embryonal utveckling kommer att belysas, då tillväxten och omhändertagandet av avkomman påvisar tyngden av samverkan mellan de ovan nämnda faktorerna. Trots att väldigt få konkreta svar existerar i nuläget är de många teorierna en utmärkt utgångspunkt för att förstå vikten av beteenden, strategier, fysiologi och genetik inom olika arter för deras framgång under utvecklingen..

Recording and analyses of superovulation results and fertility records at the nucleus herd Viken The development of different reproductive technologies aim at increasing the number of progeny per individual parent, and in that improving the possibility of genetic progress. One technique, Embryo transfer, have facilitated genetic dissemination and shortened the generation interval also in females. Nötcenter Viken is a company that run Embryo collection and Embryo transfer in the breeds Swedish Red and Swedish Holstein. It is located outside Falköping. Information is continuously gathered about cows tested at the nucleus herd.

The demands for higher production yields and better quality materials from the forests are increasing globally. Tree breeding programs are directed to meet the future demands on forests. In order to capture the full benefits from the breeding programs, clonal propagation is necessary. For most conifer species, somatic Embryogenesis (SE) is the only available option for large scale clonal propagation of Elite clonal material. For Norway spruce (Picea abies L.

This paper gives an introduction to the theory of minimal surfaces. It is in- tended for undergraduate students with some basic knowledge of differential geometry and complex analysis.After defining the concept of minimal surface and giving a brief histo- rical survey, we look at some well-known minimal surfaces and a few of their characteristic properties. The connection between minimal surfaces and harmonic functions is discussed and the Weierstrass-Enneper represen- tation formulas are introduced. We also present Bjo?rling?s problem and give some examples. .

Fertility is of central interest in the dairy production but has during the last decades declined. Increased milk yield has resulted in high pressure on the metabolism of the dairy cows that are supposed to manage the transition from dry cows to lactating cows within a few weeks around the parturition. Much indicate that metabolism and fertility are closely linked, with insulin playing a substantial part. There are many studies suggesting that the main part of gestation loss can be found during the early Embryo development, a period which can be studied in vitro. The aim of this study was to test the effect of insulin during maturation in vitro and to evaluate two different fluorescent stainings on oocytes and Embryos; a nuclear stain and a staining of apoptotic cells through the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-method. Bovine cumulus-oocyte-complexes (n=991) were aspirated from abattoir-derived ovaries.

Business valuation is something that has been more general and discussion around this subject is very common. The discussions often revolve the various principles and procedures that a business appraiser can apply when a valuation of a business should be done. When there are different evaluation methods there are also resulting in an assumption that there are not so easy to create a complete objective business value. The individual evaluator choice of method will determine the result of the business value. The global world for each business has been more uncertain and turbulent/changeable which have tended to exacerbate the work for the evaluator to determine a business value.

The standard model concerning the relationship between perception and motility is linear and one-way. It depicts the flow between the two as moving from sensation to perception to representation to computation, and finally, to motility and action. According to this model, animal being is basically a bundle of reflexes. But what can correctly be considered a bundle of reflexes from a natural science point of view, doesn't necessarily have to be true. This conception does not take into consideration the more complex interactions between motility and perception that constitutes, or generates, animal and human beings.

Syftet med denna litteraturgenomgång var att presentera några av de vanligast förekommandelaboratorietesterna som används idag vid utvärdering av spermakvalité hos hingstar. Engranskning har också gjorts för att försöka utröna om det går att förutse hingstars fertilitetutifrån resultaten av dessa tester. De metoder som presenteras analyserar motilitet, morfologioch funktion hos spermierna i ett ejakulat. För att kunna fullfölja en befruktning krävs det attspermien uppfyller vissa kriterier. Detta för att kunna ta sig fram till äggcellen och smältasamman med denna och bilda ett Embryo.

Ovarian stimulation in assisted reproduction often leads to the production of a high number of oocytes. After fertilization of these oocytes, the resulting Embryos can be cryopreserved for later use. Vitrification is a recently introduced method for cryostoring Embryos, showing high survival rates for both cleavage stage Embryos and blastocysts. Characteristic of vitrification are high concentrations of cryoprotectants and ultra fast freezing which makes the material glassily. A major concern with vitrification has been the direct contact of the cryo-solutions with liquid nitrogen.