The purpose of this study is to examine how some people who do not want children construct their identity in a context where children is the norm. The study therefore focuses on how they legitimate and present their identity in this context. 4 women and 2 men with the intention to remain Childless have therefore been interviewed, and from these interviews I analyze and describe how intentional Childless people construct their identity. My theoretical framework is built up by discourse psychology and gender/heterosexual hegemony theories. The thesis shows that it is hard for the intentional Childless to construct their identity as once and for all given, the identity is constructed as a ?norm? against the norm, as well as affected by the norm.

The purpose of this essay was to examine how Childless homosexuals (men and women) were looking at family formation and parenthood. The essential questions were how the homosexuals felt about their own parenthood in the future and about different family constellations. We also wanted to examine how they experienced reactions from the society and what they thought about the current Swedish laws in force of adoption and insemination.We have chosen to work with a qualitative method and interviewed nine Childless homosexual men and women in the age between 21 - 39 years to get some answers about the questions above.The main result from the interviews was that the homosexuals had the same thoughts like any other future parent but with a more complicated engagement. Even though they some times felt a resistance in the society against homosexual parenthood it was not a thing that would stop them from getting children..

This paper is grounded in the previous research that indicated that involuntary Childless women feels stigmatized and outside society. The purpose of this paper was to find out how the feeling of being an outsider and a stigmatized person is created and takes form in the category involuntary Childless women. I asked the questions; -In what parts of the interviewed women?s answers indicates that they are outsiders and stigmatized? ?Who is creating the stigma and the outsiderness and how is it created? I answered these questions by interviewing six women in the ages of 28-40, who all had undergone In vitro fertilization-treatment and lived in heterosexual relationships. I used Erving Goffmans theory about stigma and Howard Beckers theory about outsiders to analyse the empiric data.

Studier har visat att frivilligt barnlösa individer stereotypt har betraktats vara olyckliga och otillfredsställda, något som inte har fått vetenskapligt stöd. Syftet med den här tvärsnittsstudien var att undersöka om det föreligger några skillnader i livskvalitet och livstillfredsställelse mellan frivilligt barnlösa personer och föräldrar i den svenska populationen. Forskningsfrågan undersöktes med en enkät som bestod av självskattningsskalorna QOLI (Quality Of Life Inventory) och SWLS (Satisfaction With Life Scale). 130 deltagare genomförde studien varav 54 är frivilligt barnlösa individer och 76 är föräldrar. Studien visade att det inte finns några signifikanta skillnader mellan grupperna med avseende på livskvalitet och livstillfredsställelse.

Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att undersöka upplevelser av vårdsituationer hos par diagnostiserade med ofrivillig barnlöshet, och hur sjukvårdspersonal upplevde att bedriva denna vård. Studien sammanställdes under 10 veckor under vårterminen 2012 och har en kvalitativ-deskriptiv design. Upprepade sökningar i databaserna CINAHL och Pubmed kombinerades med sökning av annan litteratur såsom böcker. Artiklarna som påträffades i databaserna granskades utifrån kriterier som publikationsdatum och språk. Huvudresultatet i studien visade att sjukvårdspersonal innehar en unik position för att skapa en tillfredsställande kontakt mellan dem själva och patienterna, och att stödja patienterna under behandlingen.

Background: One in ten couples suffers from some form of involuntary Childlessness or infertility in Sweden. Involuntary Childlessness or infertility is when an individual or a couple has a desire for a child but are unable to conceive on their own. To suffer from involuntary Childlessness can be a mental strain that can result in a personal crisis, where the existential issues become central and contested. Regardless of the reason for their changed life world is because of involuntary Childlessness or infertility, it is always important for the nurse to have an understanding of individual?s life-changing world and experiences. Aim: The aim of the study was to describe men and women experiences of involuntary Childlessness during investigation and treatment.Method: Selected method was a literature review. The study was based on articles from systematic and unsystematic searches in databases and analyzed from the chosen method.Results: Four main themes emerged from the analysis, 'The changing life-world', 'The mental strain', 'Perceptions of relationships and social life' and 'experiences related to treatment'.Conclusion: Being involuntarily Childless and infertile create a mental, physical and social stress. Clinically, this means a responsibility to offer a personalized support. For the nurse it is important to have an understanding of individual life-world and how the involuntary Childlessness affects them. .

Involuntary Childlessness is a big problem around the world. One way to solve the problem is to receive oocytes or semen from a donor. In Sweden, semen donation has been regulated by law since 1985 and oocyte donation since 2003. The aim of this study was to investigate what motivations women and men in Sweden have to donate gametes, if they feel any ambivalence to donate, and to compare if there is any difference in motivation and ambivalence between women and men. Motivation was measured with eight statements based on previous results and clinical experience.

Bakgrund: Infertilitet och ofrivillig barnlöshet har visats beröra många centrala aspekter i en persons liv. Det påverkar det sociala och känslomässiga livet, och kan leda till att identiteten hotas och lidande uppstår. Trots detta finns få studier gjorda på mäns upplevelser till följd av ofrivillig barnlöshet, tidigare forskning har mestadels undersökt området ur ett kvinnligt perspektiv. Syfte: Syftet med arbetet var att beskriva mäns upplevelser av ofrivillig barnlöshet. Metod: En analys av 11 kvalitativa studier utfördes efter sökning i databaserna Cinahl och PubMed.

Syftet med vår studie är att undersöka frivilligt barnlösa i en svensk kontext. Med grundad teori som metod har vi satt fokus på individernas egna upplevelser kring livsvalet. Tidigare forskning har främst fokuserat på heterosexuella kvinnor samt frågor som handlar om val kontra omständigheter kring beslutet att inte skaffa barn. Den har även kommit att handla om köns- samt rådande samhällsnormer. Forskning inom området är till största del internationell och det finns endast ett fåtal svenska studier om valet av att inte skaffa barn.Vi valde att intervjua nio stycken respondenter för vår studie, där samtliga uppgav sig vara frivilligt barnlösa.

Problem area of this Bachelor thesis is the mental illness of internationally adopted at the age of 16-26. Our study focuses on a compilation of previous results from positivistic researches in the first question formulation. In the second and third question formulations a narrative text analysis, through hermeneutically interpret risk and prevention factors, is carried out for the life of internationally adopted that can lead to mental health/illness and how they apprehend to be adoptees. The purpose is to get a comprehensive understanding at individual, group and society's view of their lives. Further intention is to interpret the material for possible approach angles on further research.