Slopes in fine till soils are exposed to surface erosion due to rainfall, snowmelt and upland water sources. Large areas of road slopes are therefore covered for surface erosion protection. Preventive methods like ditches and trenches are also being used. Silt tills are particularly troublesome since the water can bring the soil into suspension and cause mudslides. Different methods for erosion protection have been studied in this work, with the emphasis placed on rockfill covering. The need for and the dimensioning of this type of covering has been examined in literature and field studies.

This report describes the design and implementation of a multi-master, packet based protocol for small and tiny microcontrollers where resources are limited. The protocol was named "Tiny Controller Network" or TCN for short. The protocol is meant mainly as a control bus for automation and sensor acquisition applications but due to its flexibility can also be used for other purposes as well. It borrows some of its functionality and design ideas from the well known CAN bus and Modbus but also has a number of major differences like the use of standard hardware and time synchronisation. One of the key aspects during the design was the use of very little system resources and common on-chip hardware peripherals like a UART.

This report is focusing upon relining from a client?s point of view. Potential buyers are given a presentation of the different methods available today together with a general briefing describing the process. An important part of this report are the interviews that took place with already established customers. Property owners, managers, pipe cleaners, and project managers whom all been in contact with relining have answered the questions given along with their own thoughts and have also given recommendations of other persons to talk to.

Long time-series of pressure measurements often have high quality because the early instrumentsare more or less the same as the modern ones. A time-series from Lund consisting of three dailymeasurements from 1780-1997 has been homogenised and is therefore suitable for analysingpossible influences of the enhanced greenhouse effect. According to a two-layer model of theatmosphere one finds a shift in the frequency of baroclinic instability due to an increasedtemperature gradient caused by the increasing CO2. Baroclinic instability over the Atlantic Oceanis the main cause for frontal zone production, causing cyclonic activity over the southern part ofScandinavia. Changes to the baroclinic instability would therefore be traceable in the time seriesfrom Lund.

Yeast and Clostridia is a problem in silage for farmers as contaminated silage may result in poor animal health and milk quality. Clostridia can produce toxins that, when consumed, acts as neurotoxins, it may also cause blown cheeses if the Clostridia contaminates milk. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cause, effect and interaction of yeasts and Clostridia in silage. Clostridia are microorganisms which are strictly anaerobic and consume carbohydrates and protein in the silage. Yeast is a fungus that is facultative aerobic and feed on carbohydrates in the silage.

Knuthöjdsmossens naturreservat är beläget i Hällefors, Örebro län och är känd för sina unika gölar, fauna och dess sanddyna. Strax intill Knuthöjdsmossens Naturreservat finns en nerlagd industrideponi som var i bruk i början av 1800 talet fram till 1983 vid namnet avfallsupplaget Piteå. Det avfall som deponerades bestod av restprodukter, industriavfall, byggavfall, grovsopor, järnspår och slipspån. Mellan åren 1994-2009 har Bergslagens kommunalteknik utfört ytvattenprovtagningar i området, de har dock upphört, men det finns ett intresse om att återuppta provtagningarna, därtill syftet med denna uppsats; en förstudie om vilken miljöpåverkan avfallsupplaget Piteå har på området Knuthöjdsmossen. Metallkoncentrationer från ytvattenproverna från åren 1994-2009 analyserades samt så insamlades kompletterande jordprover med en XRF-skanner.

This master thesis is a part of the DySCAS project at ENEA. The purpose of this thesisproject is to add support for streaming media and USB support to the DySCAS demonstratorplatform.To achieve this, some of the widely used middlewares available today were studied. The onethat proved to be of most interest is CORBA. Although CORBA?s solution to streamingmedia couldn?t be used due to their use of object programming, the CORBA solution didprovide some interesting thoughts regarding how the USB devices should be handled, in thiscase their ?resource inspector? and ?trading service?.Ethernet was the chosen network to support streaming media.

Allt färre globala tillgångar av fosfatmalmer, som används främst som mineralgödsel inom jordbruket, leder till att återföring av fosfor från olika källor blir allt mer viktigt. I Naturvårdsverkets utredning ?Hållbar återföring av fosfor? undersöks olika fosforflöden och deras potential för hållbar återföring bedöms. Utredningen omfattar bland annat avloppsslam och matavfall och föreslår nya gränsvärden för fraktioner som sprids på åkermark.Sundets reningsverk har samrötat avloppsslam och matavfall sedan år 2007. Rötslammet används främst som gödsel inom jordbruket.

Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) is not considered to be a native species to Swedish forests. It´s origin is the pacific coast of Northern America, an area that is dominated by a coastal climate which makes it likely to believe that it would be well suited for growing in the south-west of Sweden. This study aims to investigate the gain in production that can be reached by growing sitka spruce instead of Norway spruce (Picea abies) in the county of Halland. A regression model based on data from forest experiments was produced to explain the gain in production. This model was based on elevation and annual precipitation. The model was then used to create a map layer in arcGIS that shows the gain of volume in comparison to Norway spruce in percent. An analysis was carried out to find what share of the forestland in Halland county that fell into four different classes of production gain.

This report describes the design and implementation of a multi-master, packet based protocol for small and tiny microcontrollers where resources are limited. The protocol was named "Tiny Controller Network" or TCN for short. The protocol is meant mainly as a control bus for automation and sensor acquisition applications but due to its flexibility can also be used for other purposes as well. It borrows some of its functionality and design ideas from the well known CAN bus and Modbus but also has a number of major differences like the use of standard hardware and time synchronisation. One of the key aspects during the design was the use of very little system resources and common on-chip hardware peripherals like a UART.

The purpose of this thesis has been to assess whether leaching from one particular Swedishlandfill site, Skörbytippen, is contributing to elevated levels of heavy metals in a ditch runningfrom the landfill site to the lake Mälaren in the communal region of Håbo kommun. Since theditch is stretching approximately five km downstream from the landfill site, in situ observationsand maps with known points of inflow was utilized to determine appropriate test points for thecollection of samples.Soil, water and sediment samples were collected and analyzed for content of organic material, pHand conductivity. Data on plant-available elements and total amounts of heavy metals wasacquired through ICP-analysis.The results show that the Skörby landfill is currently in the methane-forming anaerobedevelopment phase, which indicates that the concentration of free and complex-bound metals inthe leachate water should be low due to chemical binding with other landfill compounds. The pHof the sediment samples was generally one unit higher than the soil samples and some of themeasured data, such as pH and conductivity, show that an environmentally disturbing dischargeof some kind of strongly alkaline chemical(s) has been made from Benders? takpanneindustri inclose proximity to the landfill.

AbstractConsider a ?uid being heated from below. The heating leads to an upward convectiveforce that is counteracted by the viscous forces of the ?uid. If the convectiveforce is large enough in comparison to the viscous forces the ?uid will be put in anunstable state.

Framställning av näringstäta grödor genom bioteknisk växtförädling är en möjlig strategi för att tillgodose människans närings- och livsmedelsbehov på en global nivå. Tekniken gör det möjligt att överföra gener, som kodar för särskilda egenskaper, från en art till en annan. En tänkbar metod vore att ta fram sorter med ett kraftigt förhöjt innehåll av spårämnen, såsom järn, jod och zink. En annan metod fokuserar på själva biotillgängligheten genom att antingen minska andelen antinutrienter, som försvårar näringsupptaget, eller öka andelen föreningar som främjar biotillgängligheten. Detta angreppssätt ställer stora krav på den nya grödan.

AbstractConsider a ?uid being heated from below. The heating leads to an upward convectiveforce that is counteracted by the viscous forces of the ?uid. If the convectiveforce is large enough in comparison to the viscous forces the ?uid will be put in anunstable state.

Trycksår är en ofta förekommande skada inom vården och ca 14 % av patienter på äldreboenden och sjukhus i Sverige lider av trycksår. Ett trycksår kan uppstå inom loppet av 60 minuter och en stor riskfaktor är dålig nutritionsstatus. Sjuksköterskan ska identifiera problem med nutritionen hos patienten och det är betydelsefullt att förstå sambandet mellan nutrition och trycksår. Syftet med studien var att undersöka nutritionens betydelse i behandling av trycksår. Studien utfördes som en litteraturstudie, 12 artiklar utgjorde grunden för resultatet.