IntroduktionÖvervikt och fetma är ett växande folkhälsoproblem i stora delar av världen, problemet kryper dessutom allt längre ner i åldrarna. Övervikt hos barn ger en betydligt ökad risk att som vuxen drabbas av tillstånd som diabetes, hjärt- och kärlsjukdomar, vissa cancersjukdomar samt en ökad risk att dö i förtid.SyfteSyftet med studien var att undersöka om det föreligger skillnader i kroppssammansättning, energiomsättning, substratutnyttjande och insulinkänslighet mellan könen hos barn med övervikt och fetma i åldrarna 10-13 år, samt om det fanns några skillnader inom könen utifrån kategorisering efter BMI för övervikt (25-29,9) respektive fetma (?30). MetodDatainsamlingen skedde genom inhämtning av resultat från mätningar av kroppssammansättning, energiomsättning, substratutnyttjande och insulinkänslighet utförda på ett universitetsjukhus i Mellansverige under åren 2008-2014. Resultatet hämtades från 26 flickor och 29 pojkar med övervikt och fetma i åldrarna 10-13 år. ResultatDet förelåg ingen signifikant skillnad avseende något av mätvärdena mellan könen. Det kunde dock ses en signifikant skillnad avseende insulinkänslighet mellan de med övervikt och fetma hos båda könen, hos pojkarna fanns det även en signifikant skillnad i energiomsättning (p=<0,05).

Bakgrund Forskning har visat att hur länge barn ammats, har betydelse för deras hälsa senare i livet. Även barnens sociala miljö har visat sig ha effekt på hälsan och barnens matvanor. Salut är en satsning av Västerbottens läns landsting med målet att förbättra länsbornas hälsa fram till 2030.Syfte Syftet med studien var att undersöka treåringars matvanor, Body Mass Index (BMI) och fysiska aktivitet i relation till amningsduration och familjekonstellation.Metod Studien genomfördes genom ett samarbete med Salut som utformade och delade ut en enkät via barnavårdscentraler till samtliga föräldrar vid treårskontrollen. Enkäten innehöll frågor om barnens fysiska och psykiska hälsa, samt livsstil och levnadsvanor och totalt beabetades 210 av enkäterna i denna studie, där 16 frågor valdes ut. Dessa analyserades sedan statistiskt i IBM SPSS 21.0 Statistics.

Vectors based on lentivirus backbones have revolutionized our ability to transfer genesinto many cell types. Lentiviral vectors integrate into the chromatin of target cells and do not transfer any viral genes causing vector replication. Both of these features arecommonly used in gene therapy and have been used clinically in individuals sufferingfrom cancer, infections and genetic diseases. It has been discovered that T-cells can be genetically modified to be used as effective weapons against cancer: therefore virus mustbe produced to deliver the gene of interest into the T-cells. In this project, lentiviralvectors have been produced to transfer the gene coding for a chimeric antigen receptor(CAR) which is directed to CD19 on B-cells.

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease, where joints are attacked by the own immune system, leading to chronic inflammation and destruction of bone and cartilage. Inflammation is a complex process, controlled by many different substances. One of them is adenosine, which has anti-inflammatory properties. In this project, three polymorphisms in different genes, involved in synthesis and signaling of adenosine, were genotyped for 188 patients with RA and 362 controls without RA. The results shows that for the polymorphism in A2a, a gene coding for an adenosine receptor, there was no significant difference in genotype distribution between the groups.

SyfteSyftet med denna studie var att undersöka sensitiviteten och specificiteten hos BMI vid klassificering av övervikt, samt att jämföra gränsvärdena för övervikt mätt med BMI med gränsvärdena för övervikt mätt i fettprocent med BodPod.MetodUrvalet i studien bestod av 359 deltagare mellan 30-50 år (medelvärde ? 39,7 år). Av dessa 359 var 192 kvinnor och 167 män. Deltagarna var indelade i fyra aktivitetsnivåer ? stillasittande, lågaktiva, aktiva och mycket aktiva.

Vetenskapen har på senare år försökt fastställa de olika orsaker som leder till fetma. Det är känt att högt energiintag och för lite motion för eller senare hos de flesta individer resulterar i fetma. Det som kan konstateras är att ärftlighet i samspel med miljön vi lever i och påverkas av kan vara den huvudsakliga orsaken till en rad sjukdomar inklusive fetma. På senare år har forskare upptäckt olika gener som på ett eller annan sett är involverade i ämnesomsättningen. En sådan gen är ?fat mass and obesity associated gene?, FTO.

The purpose of this investigation was to find out more about students? spontaneous ideas about properties and transformations of matter. Examples of matter chosen are such which students know about from everyday life and focus is mainly on the questions if students know that all matter has weight and that matter is preserved in transformations.The method used is semi structured qualitative interviews with individual students. Different experiments were carried out together with the students who afterwards were interviewed. However, the students show varying answers and no generalizations can be done.

This report describes how the system may be exposed to oscillations and how this can lead to resonance. Resonance is a phenomenon that occurs when a system is affected by external periodic oscillations with frequencies close to the system's natural frequencies. Structures subjected to resonance can risk great damage and destruction, why resonance is something that is important to take into account when designing structures. Alternative ways to counteract resonance is to supply damping in the system. Damping means that the resonance decreases instead of letting the amplitude increase.The report discusses some examples on constructions that have experienced the effect of resonance.

This study focus on how two local news papers in the northen part of Sweden reported about the investigation of illegal hunting, called Kalixhärvan, in the years of 1983-1984. The study also adress how this newspapers presented the agents that is mentioned in the newsarticles, who played an importent part during the investigation. The study is based on the analysis of eight articles involving the investigation. The aricales is selected from march 1983 to march 1984. The analys is made using the method of critical linguistics and with the theoretical ground in theories of masculinity and stereotypes.

This report describes how the system may be exposed to oscillations and how this can lead to resonance. Resonance is a phenomenon that occurs when a system is affected by external periodic oscillations with frequencies close to the system's natural frequencies. Structures subjected to resonance can risk great damage and destruction, why resonance is something that is important to take into account when designing structures. Alternative ways to counteract resonance is to supply damping in the system. Damping means that the resonance decreases instead of letting the amplitude increase.The report discusses some examples on constructions that have experienced the effect of resonance.

This report describes how the system may be exposed to oscillations and how this can lead to resonance. Resonance is a phenomenon that occurs when a system is affected by external periodic oscillations with frequencies close to the system's natural frequencies. Structures subjected to resonance can risk great damage and destruction, why resonance is something that is important to take into account when designing structures. Alternative ways to counteract resonance is to supply damping in the system. Damping means that the resonance decreases instead of letting the amplitude increase.The report discusses some examples on constructions that have experienced the effect of resonance.

A tragic event in 2012 sparked a debate about the need for a law of civil courage when it became clearthat passivity in situations where people ?s lives are put in danger is not punishable. In this essay based on qualitative interviews with jurists and students of law the issue of civil courage is analyzed with the help of sociological theory. My objective has been to try and find out if a law of civil courage can be motivated with the argument that it would strengthen the public moral. My conclusion is that a law of moral courage is not a suitable way of making people more willing to help others or to strengthen the civil courage or the public moral.

This report describes how the system may be exposed to oscillations and how this can lead to resonance. Resonance is a phenomenon that occurs when a system is affected by external periodic oscillations with frequencies close to the system's natural frequencies. Structures subjected to resonance can risk great damage and destruction, why resonance is something that is important to take into account when designing structures. Alternative ways to counteract resonance is to supply damping in the system. Damping means that the resonance decreases instead of letting the amplitude increase.The report discusses some examples on constructions that have experienced the effect of resonance.

Försvarsmakten har förändrats från ett invasionsförsvar till ett insatsförsvar. Det har inneburit nedläggningar och omstruktureringar av organisationer. Artilleriet är en av de vapenslag som har gått från flertal regementen till idag ett regemente. Artilleribataljonen som är artilleriets insatsförband har kännetecknas som ett förband med lång räckvidd och kraftig verkan. Med pjäser som har kaliber 15,5cm understödjer de manöverförbanden.

In this essay I have looked more closely at different means of grinding wood prior to the mass production and total dominance of the sandpaper in recent times as there is virtually no information to be found about this. I have also done a few replicas of how early sandpapers might have looked and as a part of creating these replicas I have also tested diffrent types of early glues. The conclusion of it all is that all the alternative grinding materials tested workd virtually as well as modern sandpaper, with some reservations. And the replicas, although rough, worked mostly well despite being constructed with simplicity in mind. This indicates that an artisan could easily construct sandpapers if he so wished..