Miljonprogram is a Swedish building program from 1964 to 1975. During that time about a million homes were constructed. Now, almost 50 years later, they are in desperate need of renovation. In order to fulfil the Swedish environmental objective to decrease energy consumption 50 per cent until 2050, considerable housing stock built under the Miljonprogram has to be renovated.Focus in this thesis is on the building services and theirs profitability that can decrease energy consumption in households build during the Miljonprogram. Building construction is not considered in this report.

In order to optimize calf welfare and health it is important to know the behavior of cattle in free ranging conditions. When the cow is about to give birth to a calf she will leave the heard about 12 hours before. It is then rather obvious that isolating the cow about calving time in a single pen is imitating the cows? natural behavior. To save space and minimize building cost it?s common that the farmers build calving pens for four of five cows especially at larger farms.

 Bakgrund: Allt fler vårdas av en nära anhörig i sitt hem. En vårdplanering ska utföras för att tydliggöra vårdtagarens behov av fortsatt vård i hemmet. De uppgifter som anhörigvårdaren och vårdtagaren utför efter utskrivning beskrivs som icke sjukvård; egenvård. Omvårdnadsteoretikern Dorothea Orem beskriver egenvården och dess betydelse för att uppnå en god hälsa. Kraven på anhörigvårdare ökar och behov finns för stöd, eftersom de ofta står ensamma i vårdsituationen.

With the days DGPS-technology can a position of 5 centimetres decides. With this exactly position is the technology very interesting for the agriculture. I think this technology can come more and more in the future. You can also move the fact and information further to the spreader, sprayer and seeders. If the combine is equipped with harvest accounting, can you with help of the system make harvest maps.

With growing economies and better living standards in many parts of the world today, there is a need of expanding the capacity of generating electricity. The alternatives for renewable energy technologies are not fully developed and have still some problems to conquer.The company Minesto has developed a technology that is called Deep Green. It is designed to gain electricity from tidal currents. Deep Green works in a similar way as a kite that is attached to the seafloor with a moving wire. It contains of a wing that moves due to the water current.

I dagsläget när intresset för miljövänlig energi ökar, ses den småskaliga vattenkraften som ett sätt att minska Sveriges import av energi. I Sverige finns det tusentals nedlagda kvarnar och små vattenkraftstationer som med små medel skulle kunna börja leverera energi. I Björkefall i Olofströms kommun finns en privatägd och övergiven kvarn. Detta arbete undersöker möjligheterna till en småskalig vattenkraftstation i denna åt Olofströms Kraft AB.Småskalig, vattenkraft, elkraft, generator, turbin .

Conjunctival swabs from 12 cats in a Swedish animal shelter were analyzed by real-time PCR for FHV-1, Mycoplasma felis and chlamydiae. The purpose of this study was to see whether and to what extent these agents can be detected and if they were detected from cats housed in quarantine or in the adoption department. Samples were first taken upon arrival at the quarantine and then a second sample was taken two weeks after moving to the adoption department, or upon presentation of signs of disease. The cats spent the quarantine period in two separate quarantines: five in a new quarantine (quarantine A) and seven in a room in the old shelter (quarantine B). The difference between these quarantines was that in B the cats were often mixed together ant the hygiene routines were not as good as in quarantine A.

Bakgrund: Familjens fortsatta omhändertagande av barnet efter en sjukhusvistelse behöver ske på ett tryggt och säkert sätt, utan fara för missförstånd eller allvarliga risker. En ökad medvetenhet och kunskap om hur föräldrars beredskap stärks inför barnets utskrivning är betydande för att undvika osäkerhet.Syfte: Studiens syfte var att beskriva föräldrars upplevelser av att deras barn blivit utskrivet till hemmet efter en sjukhusvistelse.Urval: Föräldrar till nio barn och ungdomar som av olika anledningar varit inskrivna på  sjukhus i minst tre dygn deltog i studien.Metod: Data insamlades genom semistrukturerade kvalitativa intervjuer och analyserades med innehållsanalys.Resultat: Barns utskrivning från sjukhus till hem kunde se olika ut samt upplevas på varierande sätt av föräldrar. Studien belyser vikten av en trygg utskrivning där tillräcklig information, fungerande kommunikation och en familjecentrerad omvårdnad bidrar till att öka föräldrars delaktighet och beredskap. Ett tydligt utskrivningsprogram med fasta rutiner och riktlinjer underlättade överföringen och bidrog till att  föräldrars beredskap stärktes. En tid för uppföljning i form av återbesök eller telefonkontakt skapade trygghet för familjen.Slutsats: Grundläggande för en trygg och säker övergång från sjukhus till hem var att föräldrar kände sig väl förberedda inför det fortsatta omhändertagandet av sitt barn.

The corn plant came to Europe with Christopher Columbus in the 14th century and have ever since bin cropped here, but corn haven?t bin very common in Scandinavia until recently. The mainly use for this crop silage but even corn for grain is cropped in Europe. Corn for grain is a common part of feed in beef and chicken farming. In Sweden corn for grain is pretty rare but almost 1000 hectares are used for this crop, Lantmännen Sverige is the biggest buyer of corn at the moment.

The limit for mercury in fish, set by health authorities, is exceeded in about half of the lakes in Sweden. Methyl mercury (MeHg) is the most toxic form of mercury and accumulates in fish. Therefore transformation of inorganic mercury (Hg) to methylmercury (MeHg) is an important process that we need to understand in order to possibly counteract the negative effects of mercury in the environment. The seasonal dynamics of mercury biogeochemistry is likely of great importance for the accumulation of MeHg in the aquatic food web. In thesis the chemical speciation and transformations of Hg and MeHg in bottom waters and sediments is followed in Ängessjön, a small lake located on the east coast in the middle of Sweden. The lake is not directly affected by any industrial pollution and concentrations of Hg in the sediment reflect the atmospheric deposition in this area, as well as processes taking place along the hydrological pathways from soil to lake. Samples from sediment, bottom- and streamwater were collected in average every second month during the period Feb.

Dagvattenmagasin byggs för att fördröja och avlasta ledningssystemet dådagvattenmängderna i dem är stora för att sedan leda tillbaka vattnet i ledningssystemetnär vattenmängderna har sjunkit.Examensarbetet syftar till att undersöka och analysera vad som behövs göras för attanvända ett dagvattenmagsinet som är dimensionerat för tioårsregn redan vid femårs- ochtvåårsregn.Arbetet grundas på fältstudier och analys av hur systemet är uppbyggt. Beräkningar hargjorts för studera flöden i ledningar och fyllnadsgrad i magasin. Resultatet visar att det ärmöjligt att med relativt enkla åtgärder kunna utnyttja det aktuella magasinet redan vid 2-och 5-årsregn..

A geographical position and its social, cultural and political context as well as climate and specific physical characteristics define the scope for a landscape design project. This has become clearer for us in our master project where we have made a Design Program for the outdoor environment of Wollo University in Dessie, Ethiopia and analysed and reflected on the work and process. The aim for the project has been to design an attractive and functional outdoor environment for the Campus, based on the inventories and the needs and wishes of clients and users. But, the aim has also been for us as landscape architect students to gain a greater knowledge about landscape architecture and the design process by position ourselves outside our usual context. The method has been open and seeking where the site, literature studies, dialogues with people and our own experiences from the field study in Ethiopia has influenced the work. Wollo University is situated 400 kilometers north of Addis Ababa, in a mountainous landscape. It faces problems of heavy rainfall during the summer, soil erosion, a lack of essential facilities, and is still a construction site with empty spaces in-between buildings and infrastructure.

Det finns två stationer på Boxholm Stål AB med produktionssågar. Den ena är en bandsåg och två fasmaskiner med hanteringsutrustning för transport mellan såg och fasar samt en automatisk buntmaskin. Fasarna på den stationen är utslitna och håller inte de toleranser som Boxholm Stål AB har på sina produkter. En önskan att kunna planfräsa ändarna har också tillkommit vilket utrustningen i dagsläget inte klarar av. Det innebär att fasarna ska bytas ut.

Today the individual ventilated cage system (IVC-system) is the most commonly used system when housing rodents. IVC systems are designed to control both supply and exhausted air at cage level, as well as temperature and relative humidity in the cages. This creates an optimal environment for the mouse and at the same time a protection against the risk of cross-infection between cages and the outside environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the health and welfare for two different strains of laboratory mice (NMRI nude mice and C57BL/6NCrl mice) in three different kinds of IVC-systems; Arrowmight, Allentown and Tecniplast. 108 mouse pups from each strain (in total 216 mice) were selected after weaning at an age of three weeks and tested during 5 weeks.

Due to exploitation of the world?s rivers, the upstream migration of anadromous species is frequently delayed or even prevented. To mitigate these problems and allow fish to migrate past obstacles, structures such as fish ladders have been developed. However, recent studies show that many of the present fish passage facilities are deficient. Monitoring and evaluation of passage facilities is therefore crucial to enable necessary adjustments.