During the last decade a number of studies have been published that investigate how the most fundamental aspect of political organization, the regime type, affects population health. The results unanimously show that citizens of democracies live longer and healthier lives than citizens of non-democracies. Many explanations for this have been suggested, among these are that democracies redistribute more and invest more in salutogenic resources, and that the tendency of dictatorships to control the media negatively affects the ability to spread information crucial to public health. When these mechanisms are controlled for, however, it turns out that democracy has a large residual correlation with for example life expectancy, which suggests that other mechanisms are also involved.In this paper two new mechanisms regarding the possible psychosocially mediated health effects of the regime type are investigated, namely political repression, and the possible negative effects this might have on the levels of chronic stress, and autonomy, which connects to a large previous literature in social epidemiology. In the paper an ecological cross-country design is used and country-level data, provided mainly by the World Bank and Freedom House, is analyzed with a simple multiple OLS-regression model.

The aim of this report was to investigate the economy of passive houses. The work was focused on economy in total and on the economy of different components such as windows, insulation, heat exchanger and the air tightness of the climate shell. No attention was paid on the comfort factor or to the impacts on the environment.Two houses, aspiring to be passive were chosen; A big one and a small one. Hence, comparisons considering the size of the building have been possible to do as well.The comparisons were made by calculating ?break even? between two concepts; passive and BBR- concept.

Syfte: Undersökningens syftet är att mäta huruvida det går att få ut en överavkastning av aktier som väljs in i (respektive ut ur) OMX Stockholm Benchmark (OMXSB), som följd av att ett index ändrar sin komposition. Delsyftet är att undersöka om det går att se en signifikant ökning av handelsvolymen i anslutning till ändringsdagen.Metod: Studien tillämpar en eventstudie som undersökningsmetod av kvantitativ karaktär. Studien undersöker indexet OMXSB och innefattade totalt 111 stycken ingående och utgående aktier fördelat på 10 tillfällen. Två eventfönster har konstruerats; ett kring annonseringsdagen och ett kring ändringsdagen. Den procentuella handelsvolymen har mätts över eventfönstret kring ändringsdagen.Resultat: Den genomsnittliga kumulerade överavkastningen för eventfönstret vid annonseringsdagen uppgick till 1,02 % (-6 %) för de aktier som valdes in (ut).

The amount of cargo has since the 1970s increased in Sweden and the road traffic accounts for a large part of the transported volume. In Stockholm County the amount of cargo is calculated to be doubled in size from year 2001 to 2020 which means a greater need for transport is required. Much of these transports are being carried out by haulage companies of varying sizes which acts externally as carriers for their customers. All of this despite a greater awareness, laws and demands regarding environmental performance.The trend shows that the haulage industry in Sweden are moving towards fewer but larger haulage companies, which means that the competition is getting tougher for the smaller haulage companies. Smaller haulage companies and research about their competitive strategies is a neglected part of this industry.

The construction industry has not undergone the same logistical development as the manufacturing industry; this, in combination with increased material price, leads to the fact that the construction industry must be improved. This master thesis is a part of the research cooperation Brains & Bricks goal of reducing production costs for the construction sector by 25 percent. Brains & Bricks is a cooperation between Linköping University, Peab and Katrineholms municipality. The master thesis aims to identify improvements in the flow of material, the Supply chain operation reference, SCOR, model has been used and the work has been carried out on one of Peab?s construction sites. At present the business is characterized by bad communication both between the construction site and the office as well as between the construction site and suppliers.

SUMMARYInventory of raw materials holds an important role in companies within the manufacturingsector. The inventory works as a buffer that secure the supply of materials to the productionunit. The aim of the inventory is to ensure that the company is able to meet the customers?demands despite fluctuations and variations in the material flow. The size of the warehouseand the layout are physical limitations for the quantity of articles that can be stored.

Ett passivhus är byggt av stomentreprenör företaget Strängbetong i Vara med ventilation och uppvärmning i samma system som kallas för Termodeck. Uppvärmningen sker genom att tilluft från ett FTX-aggregat förs igenom håldäcksbjälklag som värmer upp bjälklaget. Med det erhålls ett ?värmegolv och värmetak?. För ett sådant system behövs en byggnad med tung betongstomme.Energibalans beräkning har gjorts med IDA program och schablon värden från olika kravspecifikationer som visar simulerade värden.

The current legislation on marketing of tobacco products creates problems for Swedish Match, and obstruct its marketing communications. The purpose of this paper is to investigate Swedish Match's marketing strategy of product category snuff, through a special exposure. In store placement has a great affects on customer buying behavior and studies have shown that 70-80 percent of all purchasing decisions are made in the store, which in turn provides great opportunity for retailers to use their marketing tools for influencing customer buying decisions.Our thesis study is to test a double exposure of snuff with the help of three special exposure. These three special exposures are fridge, fridge with a sign and sign. The purpose of the study is to test which of these three special exposures that have the greatest impact on sales.

There is a great need to reduce nutrient leaching from arable land into lakes and oceans. By using several different types of models it has previously been possible to describe nutrient losses in a catchment area with a minimum unit of sub-catchment level. At present, it is instead desirable to model a smaller catchment with an opportunity to re-connect the results to the corresponding fields in the catchment. Such models already exist but they are not fully able to properly describe Swedish conditions and land characteristics in our region.With the approach of creating such a model, SLU has developed a project with this work as its first stage. The model is expected to be created under the working name SWE-model which stands for Soil Water Environment and is in this first stage supposed to apply the SOIL model in catchment scale. During the procedure to describe the first step in the process of developing such a model adapted to Swedish conditions and which works in the catchment scale with an area of about 10-30 km2, focus has been set on calculating the transport of water flow from different hydrological response units. Regardless of the processes occurring in the soil after the water has been added, it is assumed that all the water which flows from each simulated unit is drained.In the first step the hydrologic response units were identified based on land use and soil type in the study area. With the help of a script with functions that retrieve and transform data, certain units were chosen for simulation. The script was also created in this project. Finally, the model results were aggregated and summarized for each unique unit, for each sub-catchment, and also for the whole catchment.From the results it is possible to see similarities in the flow dynamics between modeled and measured data. The efficiency coefficient has been calculated to correspond to the mean of the measured values for the whole simulation period. With an automated calibration process the model should be able to perform better. The volume error gives an indication of overestimation from the model..

SUMMARYInventory of raw materials holds an important role in companies within the manufacturingsector. The inventory works as a buffer that secure the supply of materials to the productionunit. The aim of the inventory is to ensure that the company is able to meet the customers?demands despite fluctuations and variations in the material flow. The size of the warehouseand the layout are physical limitations for the quantity of articles that can be stored.

Skälby park is situated approximately 2,5 km northwest of the central parts of Kalmar and is one of fi ve town part parks. Originally Skälby consisted of a village of four farms. In 1965 the municipality in Kalmar bought Skälby and the agriculture ceased to appear. The land was parcelled out into plots and new roads. Only the area surrounding the old buildings remained, turned to a park.

Trenden i byggbranschen är att efterfrågan på täta, energisnåla byggnader ökar. Passivhus och andra lågenergikonstruktioner blir vanligare och vanligare. Riskerna med att bygga in organiskt material som trä i dessa konstruktioner har fått branschen att börja titta på alternativa material. Lättbetong är ett material som både har bärande och isolerande egenskaper. Dessutom är det inte organiskt vilket gör det okänsligt för mikrobiell påväxt.

Denna undersöknings syfte har varit att utreda när och hur subkulturen klubbkultur växte fram i Malmö, vilka som tog den hit, vad som då definierade kulturen och hur detta skiljer sig från idag.Ytterligare syfte har varit att undersöka hur klubbkulturen som sägs genomsyras av en universal jämlikhet, på olika sätt, såväl inkluderat som exkluderat människor från att delta i den. Genom kvalitativa intervjuer med sju aktörer aktiva inom klubbkulturen under det sena åttiotalet och tidiga nittiotalet, men också genom min egen bakgrund som besökare, arrangör och DJ, målar detta arbete med hjälp av muntlig historia, ett kulturanalytiskt perspektiv och med Sarah Thorntons teorier om klubbkultur och subkulturellt kapital upp historien av hur Malmös klubbkultur växt fram samt de viktiga faktorer som definierade den och på vilka sätt kulturen både exkluderade och inkluderade. Resultatet berättar en historia om en ny upprorisk motkultur som under det tidiga nittiotalet utvecklades från att ha varit en brett inkluderande, men samtidigt en underjordisk gör-det-själv-kultur, till att bland annat genom tyst exkludering i form av nischade smakgemenskaper och konsumtionssymboler, utvecklas till en uppdelad kultur som inte bara positionerade sig mot det så kallade mainstreamsamhället utan även mot andra klubbkulturer..

Background and problemThe Student union and Länsförsäkringar in Jönköping has an agreement that provides students at Jönköping university with subsidized insurances. The fact that none of the mentioned parties knows what the insurance market at Jönköping university actually looks like makes this an interesting field to study. This thesis will aim to provide the parties with a map of this insurance market and increased knowledge about how students think and behave regarding insurences.PurposeThe overall purpose of this thesis is to increase the knowlegde about students? buying behavior regarding insurences. We will also investigate if there are uninsured students at Jönköping university and quantify that amount.

The following report comprises my bachelor´s thesis in Industrial design, 30 hp. It is executed in collaboration with Bonum senior housing, who has been the client and assignment- maker of this project.The goal was to design a bench for their entrances, which could represent not only the needs of the target group but also Bonum as a trademark. The work is done with great care for both human kind and the environment, with sustainability as beacon.The design process has been followed.Initially, you will find the definition of a bench for entrances, the framework including inclusive as well as sustainable design, a function- and market analysis followed by the inspiration part of the project. Getting to know the target group and their specific needs has been essential for this work.Investigations about what senior house living and senior products are and what the target group thinks and feels, has been done. As a result, two ?personas? has been developed.With the help of a purposely chosen group of people, surveys and ergonomic studies has been executed, as well as prototype-testing.The fact-finding has formed the stable and unavoidable foundation of this project, which later on gets more creative and idea based.