In this literature review the characteristics of two free-floating macrophytes, water hyacinth   (Eichhornia crassipes) and duckweed (Lemna sp.), and two microalgae, Chlorella and Scenedesmus, have been examined regarding their suitability as efficient nutrient removers in the treatment of wastewater with high levels of nutrients and suspended solids from a biogas plant in Loudden. The needs required for the plants to be able to grow in wastewater and the amounts of biomass they can produce have also been studied. The results show that Chlorella is capable of a very high uptake of nutrients in photobioreactors with high nutrient loadings. With an ammonia uptake maximum value at 10900mg/m2/d Chlorella outshines the other organisms in this study. The test organism that performed the closest to Chlorella in terms of nitrogen uptake was water hyacinth with an uptake about 1602mg/m2/d.

Allanblackia is a tree genus native to humid forests in West, Central and East Africa. Its fruits contain large seeds from which edible high-quality fat can be extracted. In order to create a sustainable supply chain of Allanblackia seeds, a domestication program has been initiated with the purpose to enable smallholder farmers to grow the tree as an agroforestry component and cash crop. More knowledge is required to understand the tree?s biology and possible symbioses involving soil microorganisms with plant growth enhancing poten-tial.

Traditionally, mining has been performed mechanically with implementation ofyesterdays (and older) data. Several mining companies have started to useautonomous technology and robotics in the production areas although the harshmining environments make it unsuitable for today's electronic equipment. Despite allthe obstacles along the way of digitization, there seems to be no end in sight as thisdevelopment continues. This thesis focuses on what the mining industry is aiming forand why the mining companies are interested in these technologies. The actors of themining industry can be found to have a vision for the future mine, a production with ahigher degree of digitization and resemblances to a factory.

Sammanfattning_____________________________________________________________________Författare: Magnus Andrén och Jani LyyskiTitel: ?Jaha, vad skall vi hitta på idag? Och kanske något annat imorgon?? - En kvalitativ studie av idrottsföreningars arbete med vision, verksamhetsidé och mål.Växjö universitet Antal sidor: 96_____________________________________________________________________InnehållSyftet med detta arbete är att studera strategibegreppen vision, verksamhetsidé och mål, kritiskt granska idrottsföreningars arbete med dessa begrepp samt ge förslag på utvecklingsmöjligheter.Följande frågeställning har legat till grund för att uppnå syftet:? Vilka teorier finns gällande begreppen vision, verksamhetsidé och mål?? Hur arbetar idrottsföreningar med begreppen vision, verksamhetsidé och mål?- Hur utformas dessa begrepp?- Hur implementeras dessa begrepp?- Hur genomsyras verksamheten av begreppen?? Vilka skillnader/likheter finns mellan litteraturen och idrottsföreningars arbete med begreppen vision, verksamhetsidé och mål?? Hur kan idrottsföreningar utveckla dessa begrepp och få in dem i sin verksamhet?Rapporten skrivs inom ramen för Coaching och Sport Management programmet vid Växjö universitet och riktar sig till idrottsorganisationer som strävar efter att antingen hitta ett verktyg för att ge föreningen en röd tråd eller att skapa intressanta resonemang kring valda begrepp inom strategiområdet. Vidare anser vi att arbetet passar styrelser och ledning i föreningar men också den enskilde medlemmen.Arbetet inleds med en problemformulering där vi presenterar vår hypotes. Detta mynnar sedan ut i en metoddel vilket kan ses som operationen i arbetet. Relevant litteratur och teori presenteras i förhållande till idrottsföreningar i nästkommande kapitel.I resultatet har det framkommit att idrottsföreningar använder begreppen slumpartat, inaktivt, på olika nivåer och utan profilering.

At night, the visibility is reduced and the demands on the driver increase. A safety system that enables the driver to discover warmer objects in the surroundings when the visibility are reduced, such as the Vision Enhancement System (VES) contributes to safer night-time driving. Since the benefits of this system are established, it is of interest to investigate different design aspects. The VES display has in earlier studies been positioned in front of the driver but different display positions such as peripheral placement should be evaluated. The present simulator study is an investigation of the effects of different display positions inside the car.

Emissions of radionuclides to the atmosphere can lead to wet deposition on plants in the event of rainfall. An increased level of radioactivity in the plants may occur due to interception and retention of the radionuclides. If the content of the plants is above the threshold limit value, entire yields may have to be destroyed. In order to prevent contamination or decrease the content countermeasures can be taken. The impact of the biomass, leaf area index (LAI) and growth stage of the plant on the interception and retention is important to know in order to decide which countermeasures to use. Weather may also be an important factor. In this work the interception and retention of 134Cs and 85Sr by spring wheat, ley and spring oil-seed rape was studied.

Emissions of radionuclides to the atmosphere can lead to wet deposition on plants in theevent of rainfall. An increased level of radioactivity in the plants may occur due tointerception and retention of the radionuclides. If the content of the plants is above thethreshold limit value, entire yields may have to be destroyed. In order to preventcontamination or decrease the content countermeasures can be taken. The impact of thebiomass, leaf area index (LAI) and growth stage of the plant on the interception andretention is important to know in order to decide which countermeasures to use.Weather may also be an important factor.In this work the interception and retention of 134Cs and 85Sr by spring wheat, ley andspring oil-seed rape was studied.

Picropodophyllin (PPP) is an analogue of the anti tumour lignan podophyllotoxin with the unique ability to selectively inhibit the receptor of Insulin like growth factor 1(IGF-1). IGF-1 is believed to play an important part in development of the endometrium facing implantation. With PPP treated mice, studies can be made to measure gene expression from tissue of both treated and untreated mice to compare the role of IGF-1 regarding ovulation, implantation and receptivity. The aim of this study was to analyze gene expression of some steroid hormone receptors and cytokines in ovaries from mice treated with PPP. In this study, seven mice were treated with PPP at different times and tissue was collected.

Chinas government has a multifunctional program for a more sustainable forestry since 2000. This six key forest programs goal is to develop a more sustainable forest sector but also take environment consideration. The state forest administration in China has decided to create 5.8 million hectare of fast growing and high yield forest. Eucalyptus has showed to have good properties for pulp and timber production and therefore Eucalyptus plantations are under development in costal areas in southern China. By adding extra nutrients, growth can be enhanced in Eucalyptus plantations.

The resting area is the most important place in the barn for the dairy cow, sometimes called the heart of the free stall system. Inadequate design of the lying area, and lack of or poor quality of bedding materials may reduce the hygiene of the stall. Poor management regarding the cleanliness of the resting area may lead to poor animal hygiene and increased bacterial growth. This in turn will lead to increased risk for environmental mastitis as well as impairing milk quality through contamination with spores. In this literature study the most commonly used bedding materials; straw, sawdust, wood shavings, clean sand, recycled sand, peat and recycled manure solids, are compared to one another with regards to their ability to resist bacterial growth. Effects of adding hydrated lime to bedding materials have also been studied. Most bacteria need humidity and prefer a quite high water activity to be able to grow.

Growth models are very useful tools for forestry to predict growth and yield. With growth models and optimising tools you can manage forest stands in a way that maximize benefit and income. There are three major types of growth models. Stand models; stage structured models and single-tree models. The most advanced models give the most accurate forecasts.

Stockholm has in recent years experienced a strong population increase but despite that fact, the demand for housing has not been followed by enough housing contracts. According to forecasts, growth in population will further be continued upward. With more condominiums than rental units on the market, new apartments are too expensive to live in. This creates unsustainable problems for those in lower classes of society. Creating a housing market in the periphery of Stockholm is not sustainable from a social perspective.

The aim of this work is to demonstrate how the net present value (NPV) at the time of the first thinning depends on the spacing after pre-commercial thinning, and show how net value from first thinning in same stand is influenced. This study is performed with models based on non-distant dependent growth models for single trees. Two different growth models have been used, one for cleaning (pre-commercial thinning) and one for thinning. The first one yields stem density distributed over diameter classes. In the second one, (the thinning model), it is possible to choose when thinning should be done, the thinning method, thinning grade and numbers of thinning.

Hybrid aspen is a crossbreed between European and North American aspen. It is a fast growing tree species that has shown strong growth in the South of Sweden. The follow-ups that have been made on hybrid aspen stands, have mainly been done on plant material in the South of Sweden. In the North of Sweden, only occasional studies have been made, and the knowledge of Northern hybrid aspen stands is, thus, unsatisfactory.In the South of Norrland, land owners have planted hybrid aspen, but what kind of plants it is, and how well these stands have established, is not ascertained, since data has not been compiled on the subject.The objective of this study is to evaluate practical plantations of hybrid aspen in the South of Norrland regarding height growth, survival and damages. The ambition is to increase the knowledge about practical plantations regarding height growth, survival and damages, and from the conclusions thereof, give recommendations for future establishments of hybrid aspen in the area.For the study, eight hybrid aspen stands in the South of Norrland were localised.

Syfte: Vi ämnar med uppsatsen att undersöka om det råder en skillnad i avkastning mellan portföljer indelade efter kriterier som kännetecknar värde samt tillväxtaktier. Studien genomförs specifikt på svenska marknaden och portföljernas avkastning skall utvärderas utifrån en årlig buy and hold strategi. Vi ämnar även utvärdera om något av urvalskriterierna (Price to book, Price to earnings och Dividend yield) i de polära strategierna är mer framgångsrikt än de andra under perioden 1996 till 2007 ochvilken/vilka faktorer som kan vara avgörande för framgången..