Construction waste from the housing industry includes all unnecessary consumption of building materials. The definition of construction waste is construction materials that has not been built in and becomes waste. Constructions waste can be divided into two types of contributions: operational and work site contribution. Some of the common construction materials in housing industry have such low usage level as 75 % and the rest becomes construction waste. Low usage of construction materials creates unnecessary costs and has a major environmental impact.

Frågan om verkligheten och dess beskaffenhet har länge orsakat stor förbryllning hos människan, vilken historiskt sett har försökt förklarats på olika sätt. Inte minst genom olika slags gudaläror. Idag lever vi helt annorlunda än vad vi gjorde för exempelvis 1000 år sedan. Det är inte längre gudar som är den dominerande verkligheten ? det är IT-tekniken.

To challenge the competition within the construction business there are requirements ineffectiveness and use of operating computer based programs and work-methods. Thecomputer based programs are continuously improved and can at some point be the start of anew work-method. The work-method of tomorrow can be Building Information Modeling(BIM).This Master of Science Thesis gives an understanding in what BIM is and what therequirements for Sweco Theorells are in a future BIM-use as a consulting-firm. Theunderstanding is presented through a study of theory within the subject. The way of thinkingand acting among different disciplines and individuals within the building process isexplained through an interview study.The term BIM is regularly used.

The aim of this master?s thesis is to examine the virtual reference service Ask the Library [Bibblan svarar] from a postmodern perspective. Ask the Library is a Swedish online reference service that is run by the country?s public libraries. The postmodern theories of Jean-François Lyotard are used to study how information is managed and transmitted within the service.

This paper investigates the grammatical construction intransitive motionconstruction with GOAL as it is used in Swedish (Swe. intransitivrörelsekonstruktion med MÅL).I examine in which ways the construction is productive, i.e. thepossibility to use the construction with new verbs as well as withordinary motion verbs with new functions. The notion of productivity isbased on the construction?s type frequency and semantic openness(Goldberg 1995, 2006; Barðdal 2008; Bybee 2010).

Internet is used today as a traditional medium for information exchange and social interaction. One of these is virtual meeting places where people meet and exchange information, socialize and exchange knowledge with each other. The group has chosen to examine the factors affecting the use of web forums, one of the virtual meeting places that exist on the Internet today. And look at how people use the web forum today in the current situation and how to design a web forum.A survey was conducted to find out how people look at web forums today, 80 people participated, and they got to talk about what they think about different web forums regarding how and why the use these them. Guidelines on how a web forum should be designed were also developed.

This project report shows the work around a mockup to a three-dimensional avatar-making application. An avatar-making application is a computer-based software program in which it is possible to create your own personal virtual character. The possibility to use three-dimensional avatars can in the future be essential for adding extra personal information or characteristics to social communication over the internet or over mobile phones. The problem of transforming a physical form and reconstruct it to a virtual basis has been an important problem to solve for many companies and software developers in the, for instance, virtual worlds area. Methods and ideas over making this transformation is the key throughout this project.

Recently there have been a lot of talk a about the financial crisis and recession. This is understandable since the crisis, which initially was limited to the U.S. now has spread its concern globally in form of bankruptcies, less investment and lots of people have lost here jobs. The purpose of this thesis is to examine how the financial crisis have affected the construction industry relating to market and personnel, but also examine what measures the construction companies have taken. The examination was carried out by information received from the majority of construction-related websites which then was followed up with interviews in the various construction sectors.

In today's society, the internet is an important part of everyday life. Over recent years the number of electronic services has increased markedly. Communities such as Facebook, consume more of people's time than 5-10 years ago. How can public authorities benefit from these communities or are the municipalities not ready for this? The municipalities determine how their resources should be allocated based on the municipality's needs.

Everywhere you look in today?s society many kinds of people are constantly interacting with each other. Especially in large groups of people working together, the phenomenon is even greater. In the construction industry there are many kinds of parts that need to come together in order to get sustainable and successful results. Therefore the relationship between the contractor and the construction client must be at its best.

Dust that arises during the construction process is called ?construction dust?.People who are exposed for construction dust for a long period of time are atrisk to develop several forms of lung problems, allergies and cancer. Todayconstruction dust is a huge problem during the production in Skanska´srenovation projects. Every day workers are exposed of the unhealthyconstruction dust and it can cause lung problems and diseases after 10-30years. This is a problem that must be taken into account to obtain a betterworking environment on Skanska´s building sites.Skanska Sweden AB has given two students the task to investigate possibleproblems about the spreading of construction dust.

Sammanfattning Titel Visualiseringsmediernas betydelse vid försäljning av nyproducerade bostäder ? En studie av modeller i Virtual Reality och fullskala. Författare Jennifer During Helena Fällås Syfte Denna uppsats syftar till att utreda om modeller i Virtual Reality och fullskala kompletterar befintliga visualiseringsmedier i försäljningen av nyproducerade bostäder, genom att dessa stödtjänster skapar ökad förståelse för bostadens utformning och därmed ökar nyttan för kunden. Vidare syftar uppsatsen till att utreda hur projektsäljare och privatpersoner ställer sig till användandet av denna typ av modeller samt om kvaliteten på företagets tjänster därmed kan anses öka. Metod Uppsatsen är framarbetad både med en kvalitativ och med en kvantitativ metod. Genom att göra djupintervjuer med projektsäljare på Peab Region Bostad samt med sakkunniga personer inom områdena för Virtual Reality och modeller i fullskala, har intervjupersonernas kunskaper och inställningar kunnat inhämtas.

Distributed system development is a common occurrence in today?s technological and global world. Because the consequences of its geographically distributed nature it creates barriers between people that affects their communication and collaboration efforts in the distributed context. Despite a lot of technological breakthroughs over the last decades and the occurrence of video-conference applications and other tools for communication and collaboration, cultural and geographical issues have so far not yet been completely resolved. In this study I have made a literature study over distributed system development to form a set of central factors that affects the distributed development process.

The purpose of this essay is to draw attention to a rather new phenomena, virtual bullying amongst young people. Bullying has been known for a long time but today, bullying has found new ways of expression. New technology, which includes the Internet and cell phones, has given the bullies new weapons to use in their bullying.The study I have done has been qualitative and contained interviews. Represents from two communities, Playahead and LunarStorm, and two organisations, BRIS and Friends, all together five persons (two persons from LunarStorm) have been interviewed and had the opportunity to tell me their view on virtual bullying.The results show that young people see the new technologies as a valuable prolongation of their reality that they won?t give up if they don?t need to.

Ofta sker planeringsarbete i en tvådimensionell miljö, där man går miste om både djup och närvarokänsla. Därför är det intressant att undersöka ifall möjligheten att själv effektivt navigera sig runt i en tredimensionell miljö med hjälp av virtual reality-teknik har något värde för planeringsprocessen, där utställningsansvariga på museer är målgruppen. För att undersöka detta modellerades virtuella rum, skript skapades för utplacering, borttagning samt val av objekt. Dessa integrerades med en spelmotor och Oculus Rift, varpå användaren själv kan ?kliva in i? en virtuell miljö presenterad tredimensionellt och som reagerar på huvudrörelser, tangentbord och mus.