This thesis treats Building Information Modeling, BIM, in the production stage. Brieflydescribed BIM is virtual model of a building object where all information about theobject is gathered. All the involved operators in the construction project have access tothe model and can gather or share information about the project. There are several waysto apply BIM in the production stage. This thesis primarily deals with visualization of theobject, preparation and planning, the ability to take amounts from the model andcoordination and clash control.The basic issue was highlighted by Byggdialog AB.

In the low-income countries of the world, rapid urbanization and decaying infrastructure results in an increasingly unsustainable situation when it comes to solid waste management. Often, the solution tends to focus on introducing technical advanced interventions based on the conditions of the high-income world. However, this thesis aims to ?nd site-speci?c solutions on solid waste management at a local scale. By taking in consideration of local conditions a customized approach is possible where the solution is not dependent on expensive structural changes.

Denna studie syftar till att kartlägga VDC-arbetet i ett husbyggnadsprojekt ochdärmed bidra till ökad förståelse för hur byggprojekt kan genomföras med VDC.Användningen av VDC i bygg- och fastighetsbranschen drivs internt av krav påeffektivisering och externt av krav på högre kvalitet och produktvärden (ISO, 2012).En fallstudie gjordes hos ett svenskt byggföretag för att få förståelse för hurhusbyggnadsprojekt genomförs med VDC. Fallstudiens mål var att klargöra orsakertill att VDC-specifika aktiviteter upphörde i det specifika byggprojektet.Datainsamlingen utgjordes av intervjuer med personer som varit involverade i detstuderade projektet. Internationella, nationella och företagsspecifika riktlinjer förVDC-arbete sammanställdes till en analysmodell som sedan jämfördes medfallstudiens resultat. Utifrån analysen drogs slutsatserna att VDC-specifikaaktiviteter kopplade till utredningsstadiet utfördes till viss del. Aktiviteter koppladetill produktbestämningsstadiet utfördes i stor utsträckning.

This thesis was done after a request from the county?s administrative board of Västmanland to provide the board with a better understanding of how green areas have changed within Västerås municipality over time.The purpose and goal of this study was thus to measure and analyze how much of the green areas within Västerås municipality that have disappeared during the past one hundred years as well as to provide a review of previous studies regarding the importance of green areas for humans as well as the biological diversity.In order to answer these questions I have in this study used a combination of a literature study, cartographic analysis as well as a time series analysis. The computer software used to do the measurements of the green areas was ArcGIS which is a geographical information system.In the cartographic and times series anlaysis measurements and analysis was made of the district map of 1911, the economic map of 1950 and the property map of 2011. The measurements show that the municipality has grown with 46,3 km2 over the last one hundred years. New neighborhoods? have emerged and the municipality has expanded.

I dagens samhälle handlar det om att vara så effektiv som möjligt för att vinna tid. Som Benjamin Franklin en gång sa att ?Tid är pengar?, är något som vi människor allt mer tagit fasta på då vi ställer höga krav på utvecklingen och dess teniska förmågor. Idag har de flesta människor tillgång till en dator med internetuppkoppling som vi dagligen utför sysslor vid. Det kan vara allt ifrån jobbrelaterade aktiviteter, hålla kontakten med nära och kära, söka information om vad som händer i världen och i vår omgivning, till mer nöjesinriktade delar såsom online spel och shopping.

This thesis treats Building Information Modeling, BIM, in the production stage. Brieflydescribed BIM is virtual model of a building object where all information about theobject is gathered. All the involved operators in the construction project have access tothe model and can gather or share information about the project. There are several waysto apply BIM in the production stage. This thesis primarily deals with visualization of theobject, preparation and planning, the ability to take amounts from the model andcoordination and clash control.The basic issue was highlighted by Byggdialog AB.

Många av de länder som idag har en hög andel slumområden styrdes länge av europeiska kolonialmakter. Grunden till hur många av dessa länders städer ser ut idag, etablerades redan då. Den kaotiska urbanisering av städer som skett de senaste 50 åren är en konsekvens av fattigdom, korrupta makthavare samt odemokratiskt skött politik. Idag lever mer än hälften av världens befolkning i städer, och mycket tyder på att den urbaniserade befolkningen kommer att växa. I låginkomstländer är problemet som störst, där majoriteten av stadens invånare bor i så kallade slumområden.

This thesis treats Building Information Modeling, BIM, in the production stage. Brieflydescribed BIM is virtual model of a building object where all information about theobject is gathered. All the involved operators in the construction project have access tothe model and can gather or share information about the project. There are several waysto apply BIM in the production stage. This thesis primarily deals with visualization of theobject, preparation and planning, the ability to take amounts from the model andcoordination and clash control.The basic issue was highlighted by Byggdialog AB.

Climate change and sea level rise pose a growing threat to coastal cities, which will suffer from more frequent and extensive flooding in the future. Although the coastal city of Gothenburg is currently not affected to any great extent, the city will have to adapt in line with rising sea levels to protect infrastructure and ensure essential societal functions. The purpose of this study is to examine climate adaptation in Gothenburg, focusing on flood risks resulting from sea level rise. To gain a deeper understanding of the city?s specific circumstances, a qualitative research method was applied, using semi-structured interviews with officials working with flood adaptation within the city.

Det blir allt mer vanligt att människor kopplar upp sig mot internet via sin smartphone, både privat och i arbetet. Detta innebär att webbsidor måste anpassas för att visas i dessa enheter. Men att mobilanpassa en webbsida kan vara svårt när det kommer till överskådlighet och navigation av webbsidan. Detta på grund av den begränsade skärmytan. När det kommer till att mobilanpassa en webbsida talas det ofta om två tekniker, responsiv webbdesign och mobila webbapplikationer.

I studien har jag ställt frågorna; vad är masskommunikation och hur kan den beskrivas? Vilken väg transporteras en händelse i massmedias infrastruktur? Ambitionen är att undersöka hur masskommunikationen fungerar, därför har tre specifika händelser valts ut för att studeras. Teoretiskt utgår studien ifrån ett mediefilosofiskt synsätt i en postmodern tradition med medieteori av McLuhan, Baudrillard och Bourdieu. Undersökningen har genomförts med kvalitativ fallstudie. Tre händelser har identifierats och kategoriserats i empirisk, definitiv och producerad händelse.

To me, competing in architecture has always been slightly odd and at the same time exiting. These competitions are one of few occasions were architecture is almost like art. The competition generates a variety of ideas and projects and these are often expressed in a more appetizing and artistic way than traditional architecture. It?s also an art to master the special circumstances and requirements of a competition.

Sweden has a natural gas grid extending along the west coast, from Trelleborg to Stenungsund. There are also several smaller local networks where a planned natural gas pipeline from Skutskär to Hofors prompted the need for a comprehensive study. This study examines the linkages that exist in terms of technology and market of natural gas and biogas in Sweden. Sweden has set high targets for the future with ambition to become independent of coal and oil as energy sources. Since 1985, a part of the solution has been import of Danish natural gas.

The increasing road traffic in Sweden will require investments in the infrastructure that the tax withdrawal of today will not allow according to a new government report, SOU 2006:33. An existing willingness to pay for those investments has therefore become an alternative to increases in taxation to be able to cover the costs. A proposal to let the willingness to pay, alternatively increases in taxation that act proportional, decide how a cost is distributed can be said to be related, but not fully correspond, with different theories of justice described by Robert Nozick and John Rawls. It can therefore be interesting to see how the two different theories of justice are edified and how they distribute a joint cost. The aim of the first part of the thesis is to present and criticize Rawls' and Nozick's theories of justice in a common formulated economic model.

The digital era has led to technical advances that have transformed the role of the public library from being a place that is used only through physical visits and material, into also being a virtual space that can be accessed by users from outside the library through Internet-based access to e-media such as e-books and streamed or downloadable audiobooks.The aim of this study is to examine how the role of public libraries in Stockholm County has changed in the process of developing into digital libraries: how this has affected their organisation, work methods and strate- gies, as well as their accessibility. The theoretical framework of the study draws on Michael K. Bucklands theory of information accessibility, which is based on six factors of access that are determined by different types of barriers. The methodology is based on a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. Primary data was gathered through an empirical survey, which consisted of a structured questionnaire distributed to most of the public libraries in Stockholm County and semi-structured interviews with selected librarians and experts for further in-depth understanding.