A number of studies in human medicine has documented positive effects of whole body vibration treatment in humans. The Vitafloor system, witch is based on treatment of horses with vibration, has the purpose to be used in training of healthy horses and as rehabilitation for horses with injuries in their musculosceletal system. The purpose of this study was to analyse what happens with a clinically healthy horse during treatment with Vitafloor. The methods used is mainly thermography before and after treatment, but also blood samples, measurement of rectal temperature, heart rate, clinical examination and observation of psychic reactions has been done. Statistic significant changes in skin temperature in hoofs and fetlocks of front legs has been observed after treatment with Vitafloor. Analyzing of the blood samples showed a tendency for decrease in Kalium, and two of the horses had changes in CK. No negative effect has been observed with the treatment of horses with Vitafloor, and the horses seems to like the treatment. .

In the beginning of the 1990?s ratite breeding for meat production was introduced in many European countries, including Sweden. The knowledge of ostrich farming and diseases of ratites is increasing internationally but is still often limited among veterinarians. This report consists of a literature study and a summary of pathology findings from ratites submitted for necropsy to the National Veterinary Institute (SVA) in Uppsala, during 1995 to 2001. The purpose is to give a general introduction to ostrich and ratite breeding and to give an overview of the most common diseases. The necropsy data from 1995 to 2001, indicate that many of the diseases are management related rather than caused by infectious agents. Due to cold climate ostrich breeders in Sweden need to supply well designed buildings and good care of the animal.

To be able to give optimal care to patients in small animal hospitals, we have to have knowledge about how to prevent the spread of infection. An important part in this is hand hygiene routines. We have to clean hands whenever they are visibly dirty, and disinfect them regularly in between. Another important part is the cleaning and disinfection of the environment in the clinic, and also the cleaning, disinfection and sterilization of medical instruments. Other important parts are isolation of patients with known infections, to wear clothes with short sleeves and to wash them at least once daily, to wear gloves, having short nails and not wearing jewelry when working.

During the years 2005-2007 several cases of abnormal bleeding were seen after surgery in Bengal cats on veterinary clinics and animal hospitals in Sweden. In this study we have examined if the observed bleedings are due to an inherited defect of the coagulation cascade. Ten Bengal cats were tested for activated partial thromboplastin time (P-APT-time) and one-stage protrombin time (P-PK), and nine of these cats were tested for fibrinogen quantity (P-fibrinogen). Four of the tested cats had shown signs of an abnormal bleeding after surgery, and five of the cats were genetically related to these cats. One cat had a small bleeding wound at the internal base of the right auricle.

Syftet med denna kvalitativa intervjustudie var att undersöka naprapater och privata sjukgymnasters syn på varandras yrkesroll. Anledningen till att författarna valde just dessa två yrkesgrupper var, att båda grupperna behandlar personer med problem från rörelse- stödjeorganet. Författarna bestämde sig för att utföra semistrukturerade intervjuer på tre naprapater och två sjukgymnaster. All data kodades och av analysresultaten skapades följande huvudkategorier: Resurs, attityder, samarbete och kunskap. Resultatet av studien indikerar på att båda grupperna ser varandra som en god resurs och samarbetspartner inom vissa områden.

There is strong evidence that cognitive-behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is effective. The aim of this study was to compare 7 group-sessions of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for insomnia (MBCT-I) with 3 group-sessions of CBT-I, on sleep measures and sleep related psychological processes, such as pre-sleep arousal, thought control strategies and mindfulness. Participants (N = 44; age 18-66) with long term insomnia were stratified and randomized into waiting list, MBCT-I and CBT-I. Significant improvements were seen in both groups, compared to waiting list, for instance on insomnia severity, sleep latency and restorative sleep. Small improvements on psychological processes were also found in both groups.

Opioids are considered the "golden standard" in pain management for both humans and small animals, but is used less often in equine medicine - probably for fear of side effects. Are there any studies that suggest that side effects are a major problem, or is it lack of experience which is the greatest obstacle to use? As early as 1937 it was shown that morphine and morphine derivatives provide analgesia in horses. For species other than horses used opioids often both pre-, intra-and postoperatively. They relieve pain effectively and are often included in the anesthesia protocol.

Syftet med artikel var att beskriva och analysera hur den sociala och pedagogiska praktiken PatientsLikeMe framställdes på onlinemötesplatsen www.PatientLikeMe.com. Utgångspunkten togs i de övergripande frågorna Hur är villkoren för deltagande presenterade? samt Hur är erbjudanden till användarna presenterade? Den teoretiska referensramen utgick från ett sociokulturellt perspektiv. Begreppen Medicine 2.0 och sociala objekt användes också för att tolka resultaten. Analysenheten utgjordes av text från www.PatientsLikeMe.com och metoden som användes var induktiv innehållsanalys med fokus på det latenta innehållet i texten.

Mammary tumors are the most frequent type of tumors in bitches in Sweden. Many studies have been published concerning mammary tumors, but there is still much to be learned about this disease. One has, since some time ago, had the knowledge that addition to or removal of methyl groups to genes can inhibit or activate gene-expression. Methylation and demethylation is a normal phenomenon in the body and it is essential for the development and survival of the individual. The risk of developing a tumor disease is increased if the global methylationstatus is changed; if oncogenes demethylates (activates) or if tumor suppressor genes methylates (inactivates). In the human medicine one has seen that there are differences in methylationstatus between different tumors. In this study tumor and normal tissue from ten dogs were examined with regard to methylationstatus.

Overweight and obesity among children and adolescents is increasing. Diseases which earlier occurred exclusively among adults are now also observed among children. There is an urgent need for new treatments that can change this negative trend. The aim of this study was to describe existing treatments for obesity among children in the age of 6-12 and the effect of those treatments. This descriptive literature study is based on 17 research articles published between 2000 and 2007 from different parts in the world.

The aim of this masters thesis is to, from a queertheoretical point of view, examine the possibilities to classify the subject homosexuality in three different classification systems. The three systems that have been analysed is the Swedish classification system SAB, the Universal Decimal Classification UDC and Dewey Decimal Classification DDC. The analysed editions are updates from the beginning of the 1970´s until today. The emphasis has been on how well the systems correspond to the changing society. We found several differences between the three systems, but also some resemblances.

Ultrasound is a diagnostic aid often overlooked by the veterinary practicioner who works with farm-animals. However, it?s use increases, particulary for breeders where ultrasound has long been used to evaluate ovaries and to diagnose pregnancy or disturbances in reproduction. There is much knowledge in how to examine ovaries and uterus by transrectal ultrasound, but when it comes to doing ultrasound of other organs in the abdomen the knowledge is more limited. Cows are very large animals, so it is not possible to examine everything inside the abdomen with ultrasound, simply because the ultrasound beam has a limited penetration. There is also lots of gas inside the gastro-intestinal tract of a cow, mainly in the large intestine and the rumen, and that makes it impossible to examine the organs behind the gas since the ultrasound waves are reflected when reaching the soft tissue-gas interface.

The aim with this project was to investigate how research grants in Sweden are distributed inthe selected fields; natural science, medicine and life science. Our client Olink producesdetection kits for biomarkers and our goal with this study was to give an indication of apossible new market area for their products. Three foundations were included in the study;VINNOVA, Vetenskapsrådet (Swedish Research Council) and Stiftelsen för strategiskforskning (Swedish foundation for strategic research). Nearly a thousand research grantswere analysed which included a total of 4,92 billion Swedish kronor. Seven selecteduniversities were contacted; Chalmers tekniska högskola, Karolinska Institutet, Kungligatekniska högskolan, Linköpings universitet, Lunds universitetet, Sverigeslantbruksuniversitet, Uppsala universitet.

The purpose of this study was to examine young persons' experiences of life with ADHD. Semi structured interviews were done with four boys age 14-18 years, diagnosed with ADHD. The interviews followed a guide that consisted of themes with questions. The themes examined were: diagnosis, school, home, social and personal issues and how these themes are connected to ADHD. The results indicate that it is hard to live with ADHD.

Läkemedelshanteringen är ett av sjuksköterskans ansvarsområden inom hälso- och sjukvården. Utifrån kunskap och lagar skall den bedrivas på ett patientsäkert sätt men trots det sker läkemedelshanteringsfel vilket innebär risker i patientsäkerheten.Syftet med studien var att beskriva faktorer som påverkar säkerheten i samband med sjuksköterskans läkemedelshantering. Studien genomfördes som en litteraturstudie. Resultatet visade att vanliga läkemedelshanteringsfel är utebliven dos, fel administreringstid, fel dos, fel administreringssätt, fel läkemedel och läkemedel till fel patient. Faktorer som påverkar sjuksköterskans läkemedelshantering är felaktiga och dåligt skrivna läkemedelsordinationer, distraktion under läkemedelshanteringen, bristande rutiner samt införande av ny teknologi.