This Masters thesis is performed at the request of the National Board of Forestry in order to investigate how the Swedish municipalities use their forests. The study is of general character with emphasis on the social values of the forests. The municipalities? purposes with their forests have varied over time, but lately the social aspects have been recognised as interesting. The social values of the forests can be defined as the values from the forests that contribute to the wealth of humans. This has socio-economic importance for the municipalities. The study was performed as a quantitative questionnaire survey, complemented with qualitative interviews.

Women today feel that their urban surroundings are unsafe, and because of that they use different strategies to reduce the risk of being exposed to criminal acts towards them. The focus of this study is to develop an understanding of the insecure feeling that women feel and what that feeling might originate from. By using previous research and theories we have been able to incorporate a gender perspective on the study this because the gender role is central to understand women?s feelings of insecurity. The purpose of the study was to develop a deeper understanding of women?s sense of safety and insecurity.The central questions of the study are1.

Tycho Hedéns Väg in Uppsala has evolved from being a through fare passage and highwayto the oversized road frame running through the city it is today. At the present time, dueto the relocation of the E4 highway east of Uppsala, Tycho Hedéns road creates a barrierbetween the north eastern area of Uppsala and the remaining parts of the city centre. Theroad is designed to endure heavy traffic and high speed limits, generating a surrounding urbanarea were inhabitants are complied to follow the standards set for a high traffic-accessibleenvironment. Furthermore, the heavy traffic has led to the turning of both urban roadsidesaway from the actual road. The aim of this project and proposal is to show the possibilities ofhow the innate features of Tycho Hedéns road can be used more advantageously to mend thecity area of Uppsala.

Diversity of ground beetles (Col: Carabidae) in managed riparian grasslands. The carabid community in moist seminatural grasslands was studied at three different sites in mid-Sweden. Pitfall trapping was carried out during six weeks in spring and early summer 2003. Eight transects, each containing seven pitfall traps, were placed in three different management regimes, either late or continous grazing, or meadow. The species composition was analysed by ordination analyses, i.e. DCA and CCA.

Ett av målen med detta arbete var att utforma inventeringsmetoder för bäckar och strandskogar. Ett annat var att beskriva tre olika bäckar samt strandskogen på olika avstånd från bäckarna samt utforma allmänna riktlinjer för hur strandskogen kan skötas. Studien genomfördes 1997 i ett område beläget cirka l O km nordost om Vindeln i Västerbottens län. Data insamlades dels genom totalinventering, dels genom provyteinventering av bäckarna och strandskogen samt tolkning av flygbilder från 1954, 1963, 1975 och 1985. Studien visade att skogsbruket allt sedan 1960-talet delat upp bäckarnas närmaste omgivningar i segment av bestånd i olika utvecklingsstadier.

Uppsatsen grundade sig ett behov och önskemål av en utvecklingsplan för BRF Solgårdarnas norra plantering i Lund. Planteringen gjordes om 2007 och bar med sig en vision om att planteringen skulle fokusera på det dynamiska samspelet mellan den äldre, uppvuxna och nyplanterade vegetationen. Tanken var konkret att slutträd planterades in i skydd av planteringens redan uppvuxna vegetation och i takt med att dessa växte till, skulle dessa ges mer utrymme genom att den skyddande vegetationen gallrades bort. Någonstans på vägen upprätthölls inte visionen och planteringen tilläts att växa fritt vilket bidrog till minskad ljustillgång och utrymme för slutträden som skulle gynnas i den avsedda successionsprocessen. För att göra en utvecklingsplan till denna speciella anläggning gjordes först en fallbeskrivning av utgångsläget med hjälp av tillhandahållen objektsspecifik information och fältbesök med den ansvariga projektören för anläggningen. En litteraturbakgrund gjordes i ett syfte att, med hjälp av några för uppsatsen utvalda vegetationsdynamiska begrepp, beskriva utgångsläget ytterligare. Utvalda begrepp att beskriva planteringen utifrån blev struktur & skiktning, ljus- skuggförhållanden och succession.

Few issues raise such an engagement as parking areas, both by the municipality, property- and car owners. For car owners, it is of great importance where to park his car. Parking is not simply about availability but also about safety, security and how it affects the urban environment.When the land will be utilized for building development, there are regulations in Chapter 8, § 9 PBL how parking will be provided. Property owners have an obligation to provide parking space and it shall be arranged in an equitable manner, on the site or near it, which gives an opportunity for shared parking facilities. The guidelines for parking that the municipality has adopted should be the starting point for the extent of that space for parking is required when a building permit review.The first thing you should look at, is if the property owner has ability to provide parking space at his own property, but this is not always the best solution in areas such as inner cities.

Villa Giacomina med park ligger 5 kilometer norr om Lidköping i ett område som idag nästan har vuxit ihop med själva staden. Detta examensarbete behandlar Villa Giacominas historia ur miljöns innehåll idag i avseende vegetation och fasta strukturer, samt presenterar ett koncept till framtida bevarande, vård, restaurering och förnyelse. I ett eget kapitel beskrivs även översiktligt parkens användning genom århundradena. År 1979 i samband med att Lidköpings kommun tog över förvaltningen av parken byggnadsminnesförklarades Villa Giacominas park. I parken har varje tid och person satt sin prägel, därför kan man använda Villa Giacomina som ett titthål för att förstå trädgårdshistorien i Sverige från sent 1700-tal och in på 2000-talet. I fallet med denna park, och det ibland bristfälliga faktaunderlaget, är det också intressant att göra det omvända, att genom trädgårdsarkeologiska spår och vad som finns bevarat från andra parker ifrån samma tid fundera kring om det kanske kan ha varit så även på Villa Giacomina. Parken växte fram under sent 1700-tal och dess placering styrdes av landskapets utformning, det sluttande läget ner mot Kinneviken, den kuperade marken och beståndet av gamla träd. Parken var till en början ett eremitage för Claes Julius Ekeblad, pensionerad hovman från Gustav III:s hov. Claes Julius Ekeblad hade vuxit upp på Stola säteri och efter ett liv i Stockholm flyttade han hem till Västergötland och valde här att leva ett liv i samklang med naturen.

I have worked with Bergum in different courses on the IntegratedConservation of Built Environments program and I thought it was a veryinteresting subject. This is the main reason why I chosen to write mybachelor paper about Bergum.In 1650s Bergum was situated on the border between Sweden and Norway,because of that it occurred some war conflicts.Today Bergum is a socioeconomic border and is situated in an areabetween the city?s concrete suburb and the countryside.The difference between the city?s concrete suburb and the countryside mayfeel like two different worlds, were the social contact is fractional.With this paper, I will indicate a countryside area on the boundary to the citythrough time and try to survey the building history. I will also try todemonstrate the socioeconomic differences between the areas.I will demonstrate Bergum history from prehistory to present time, were I willdiscuss the agriculture history, Vättlefjäll?s forest history and also thedeforestation and replanting.

North Western Kungsholmen in Stockholm is confronting big changes and Stockholmsstad is planning that the area will be an extended part of the existing structure in centralStockholm. Dwellings and offi ces are built and the population increase heavily. Th isresult in a need to look at how public green areas can develop and be designed. Th epurpose is to design a proposal for a master plan of S:t Göranområdets public greenareas. Exploateringskontoret, Stockholm stad, who has initialized the task, claim thatthere is a need of clarifying and shield the qualities in the green areas of today and howto create new green structure.The problem formulations which are current in this master thesis are:? Is there a need of a distinct identity for the green areas of S:t Göransområdet? If so,how is this created?? How can the green parks and nature areas inside S:t Göransområdet be improved anddevelop?? How can the connections between the green areas inside S:t Göransområdet beclarifi ed and how can they connect to the surroundings?To get inspiration and information for the design this thesis include a study of theincluding parts in the design process.

As a result of my fascination for nature I have chosen to study the possibilities to introduce natural environments on schoolyards. Too many schoolyards are lacking vegetation and many of them look like sterile asphalt deserts. The master thesis consists of two parts. The first part is based on literature studies and the second part in which findings from part one are put into practice. Five examples are presented; four schoolyards in Malmö; Kryddgårdsskolan, Kirsebergsskolan, Rörsjöskolan and Lindängeskolan and one in Kalmar; Åbyskolan. Malmö Naturskola has been working with the chosen areas on the schoolyards in Malmö.

The aim of this study is to analyse the sexual power relations in contemporary urban novels of Swedish female writers.I have identified a discourse in these novels as a heteronormative matrix which power is ruled by norms and assumptions about normality in both the heterosexual and lesbian stories. For this purpose I have related to Ivar B. Neumanns theory that individuals always find a way to confront the discourse by three different strategies. These strategies are used in my study as tools to organise these novels, because it is possible to see that the protagonists find at least one of these strategy?s to her protest.The first strategy I studied was the docile.

This survey was made during the autumn of 2002 and the beginning of 2003, on commission from the National Board of Forestry. The purpose with the survey was to gather experience and knowledge in the organisation about fencing and this was made through interviews. The ambition was also to get knowledge from people outside the organisation that have great experience of forestry and fencing. The interviews were based on questions that have been composed by the author with help from the supervisors. The questions were the same to both the personal from the National Board of Forestry and to the foresters. Interviews were also made with private landowners, gamekeepers, game researcher, the County Administrative Board, the National Road Administration, pole and net retailers and contractors. The target group for this work is the National Board of Forestry to be forwarded to persons interested in forestry with the ambition to spread knowledge about how to prevent damage on the forest by browsing animals. The deer populations are big in the south of Sweden and growing populations have increased the damage on plantations of broadleaves of the most species.

Swedish forests are dominated by just two conifer species Norway spruce and Scotch pine. They are not able to achieve the highest possible production or fulfill industry demands for raw materials. The introduction of exotic conifers can potentially meet these shortcomings and present a relevant solution. This study was conducted in a block experiment with ten blocks planted in 1987 by SCA in North Sweden. The objective of the block experiment was to study if Black spruce is an appropriate alternative to Lodgepole pine, Norway spruce and Scotch pine on different site classes.

Titel: Kundanpassningar på den svenska marknaden ? En koppling mellan kundanpassningar och lojalitet.Slutseminarium:  2011-05-31Ämne:  Företagsekonomi (61-90 hp), marknadsföring, kandidatuppsats 15 hp.Författare: Johanna Borg och Nina RappHandledare:  Urban LjungquistNyckelord:  Relationer, relationsmarknadsföring, 1-till-1 marknadsföring, masskundanpassning,kundlojalitet, mikromarknadsföringProblemformulering:  Hur påverkar kundanpassningar svenska konsumenters lojalitet gentemot företag?Syfte:  Syftet med denna uppsats är att utveckla förståelsen om sambandet mellan kundanpassning och lojalitet.Teoretisk referensram: Den teoretiska referensramen baseras på tidigare forskning inom ämnet kundanpassning, så som relationer, lojalitet, interaktioner med kunden och teknikens påverkan.Metod:  En kvalitativ ansats har anammats, där en extensiv enkät skickats ut till svenska konsumenter i olika åldrar, kön och inkomststatus.Empiri: I det empiriska underlaget presenters de svar respondenterna angivit.Analys:  Utifrån det empiriska underlaget har en djupare analys genomförts för att belysa skillnaderna i respondenternas svar jämfört med vad teorin presenterar.Slutsats och diskussion: Studien har påvisat att det inte finns konkreta några bevis för att kundanpassningar leder till lojalitet, istället har det gått att framläsa att kundanpassningar hjälper till att bygga relationer, vilket i sig är grunden till lojalitet..