This report is an inventory of the street lighting in half of the residential estates owned by Karlstad Bostads AB, a public housing company. The inventory was made to reduce the environmental impact of the street lighting. From the inventory an estimation of the total installed power and the energy consumption was made. The total estimated power of the street lighting was 125 kW and the energy consumption was 500 000 kWh/year with an estimated running time of 4 000 h/year. The dominating source of light was 125 W discharge mercury lamps.

Light has always fascinated humans but ever since the invention of the first light bulb, the use of artificial lighting has accelerated dramatically. Darkness has never been as rare as today and the overuse of lighting has created a new phenomenon called light pollution. Most living beings are biologically dependent on the recurrent twenty-four-hour rhythm of light and darkness, called the circadian cycle. Human beings are evolutionary developed after this circadian rhythm and the effects of constant artificial light is yet unknown. Scientists fear the consequences of constant lighting and what it means physically, mentally and philosophically for the human species.

Discussing light and lighting in the night-time environment of Tensta, a Stockholm suburb built between 1962 and 1970, this thesis suggests that lighting should be designed for the outdoor environment as a whole. The feeling of safety and human perception are important components in this thesis. Starting with some comments on visual perception and how we adapt our sight to an interval of the visual input we get, makes it possible to understand that more light sometimes hides, rather than reveals, things. Amongst the dispersed houses, in the green parks of Tensta, this turns the pedestrian roads, lit by pole-top-mounted fixtures, into light tunnels in a dark surrounding. Talking about the feeling of safety I am inspired by, amongst others K. Lynch, B. Hjort and J.

This treatise analysis what functions light has in theater. It was inspired by Rosalinda Krauss essay Sculpture in the Expanded Field but builds mostly on the following three books Linda Essig Lighting and the design idea (2nd ed), Nigel H. Morgan Stage lighting for theater designers and Francis Reid The stage lighting handbook (6th ed). It discovers nine unique functions of light (performance style, dramatic style, image,illumination, 3D space, 3D form, selectivity, environment, atmosphere) and develops a graphical mapping of them based on a mapping by Reid. The functions performance style, dramatic style, image are superior the others.

In this study, we investigate various lighting applications in a virtual environment, where we compare between light based in naturalism (natural light) and pictorialism (artistic light). The purpose of this study is to gain further knowledge in lighting, which is increasingly important for game graphics. Theory are examined to gather information and recommendations on how to use various light settings that convey different emotions. We then use this information to illuminate the environment that we have built. The environment is presented in Unreal 4 for respondents who are allowed to move around freely in the environment.

The main aim of this master thesis was to examine the visual ergonomics and the systematic work environment management concerning lighting issues for nurses within domiciliary care. Further aims were to examine a few existing lighting solutions, to come up with ideas for future possible lighting solutions, and to evaluate if the legal regulations for lighting is satisfying and if the regulations are obeyed in domiciliary nursing.The methods used were a questionnaire completed by 55 nurses, field studies of used lightings in cooperation with a student in industrial esign, test of ten existing lighting solutions in a laboratory environment, and a field test of five existing lighting solutions tested by nine nurses in the home of the patient.The result indicates that 40 % of the asked nurses were dissatisfied with the working light in the patient?s homes. All respondents reported poor working light close to the patient, 50 % reported that this problem occurred daily. One third reported that they had to work in uncomfortable working postures due to insufficient working light, and 15 % reported risk of making mistakes due to the same reason.

Uppsats för avläggande av filosofie kandidatexamen i Kulturvård, Landskapsvårdens hantverk, 15 hp, 2012.

In this undergraduate thesis you will venture on a journey through the land of democratic values and urban planning. My research question is stated as: whether or not urban planning can show effects on democratic values and whether or not the municipalities in Sweden takes these possible effects into account when planning their city centres. You will in my theory part of this thesis be able to read about different views on urban planning and on democracy. Famous authors like Robert D. Putnam and Richard Florida will be examined as well as other theorists on democracy and urban planning.

Sverige är ett föregångsland när det gäller miljöarbetet men har inte tillhört de ledande länderna på vindkraftsområdet. Vindkraftsproduktionen i den urbana miljön är sällsynt på den svenska marknaden. Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka vad som menas med urban vindkraft, belysa vilka problem och hinder finns för vidare utveckling och berätta om framtidsplanerna för urban vindkraft i Malmö. Vidare försöker jag även redogöra för vilken påverkan urban vindkraft har på vårt samhälle. Uppsatsen grundar sig på analys av artiklar som behandlar urban vindkraft, studier av rapporter samt intervjuer med ansvariga för dem olika projektet som pågår i Malmö idag.

This project measures the upper bound of exposure time for laser reflection detection in the software DotDetector. Via measurement of the exposure time for which distortion happens in a room lit with everyday light we conclude that the upper bound for exposure times are 100 milliseconds. This value does not change as long as the lighting in the room is the same. As future work this project proposes variable upper bounds depending on secondary lighting in the room. Also we propose automating the colour masking of the detection algorithm..

The master thesis deals with three completely different areas: the place, the light and the design, which all are parts of the subject landscape architecture. The Place in this paper is the graveyard, the Light is the artificial and the Design is an illumination. The common denominator is the graveyard at Galärvarvet in Stockholm, Galärvarvskyrkogården, where the three parts meet in a clear and outspoken need of new lighting. The problem formulation is: Is it possible for a graveyard to be looked upon and used as a park? How do the administrators and the designers reason in this matter and what are the consequences for example the illumination at a graveyard? This is being investigated and discussed in general and thereafter the thesis is specifically focussed on the needs and solutions for the graveyard at Galärvarvet. The thesis, which is mainly based on facts from litterature, location studies and interviews, contains of pure parts of fact, discussion parts, different types of analyses, reflections of the author, illustrations and photos from the graveyard at Galärvarvet and also a lighting proposal for the graveyard and its close environment. The purpose of this work is to show the connection between the usage of the graveyard and its illumination. All to simplify for the administrators, planners and designers. Hopefully this thesis will be of use in the deciscion making process for future lighting projects for the graveyard administration in Stockholm as a basis for their discussion and decision process for future lighting projects..

Urban Exploration går ut på att utforska övergivna platser. Uppsatsens syfte är att beskriva fenomenet och att diskutera det utifrån ett kulturarvs- och ungdomskulturperspektiv. För att kunna göra detta argumenterar jag, med utgångspunkt i litteraturstudier, för att Urban Exploration bör ses som ett uttryck för senmodernitet, med de särskilda förutsättningar för identitetsskapande och världsuppfattning som det innebär för individen. Som källmaterial har det Urban Exploration-utövarna själva skriver om sin verksamhet på olika Internetsidor använts. Min slutsats är att individen genom att fylla platsen med subjektiv mening skapar dels ett kulturarv, dels sig själv som ett politiskt och historiskt subjekt..

Detta examensarbete i landskapsarkitektur behandlar ämnet urban odling med avsikten att identifiera vilka möjligheter och begränsningar det finns med odling i staden. Målet med examensarbetet är att uppnå en större förståelse och kunskap inom detta ämne. Varvsstaden i Malmö har valts som ett exempel för att illustrera hur odlingar skulle kunna implementeras i en central stadsdel som är under utveckling.Litteraturstudier har legat till grund för en kunskapsöversikt av olika aspekter av urban odling. En kvalitativ miniundersökning har utförts för att ta reda på hur nyckelpersoner i Malmö från de tre kategorierna; politiker, tjänstemän samt brukare ser på urban odling och dess möjligheter och begränsningar. Kunskapsöversikten om urban odling i allmänhet och beskrivningarna om Varvsstaden i Malmö har fungerat som underlag till idéskisser för hur odling i Varvsstaden skulle kunna se ut.Resultatet av examensarbetet visar på att det finns många möjligheter med urban odling och att det finns mycket att vinna genom att odla i staden.

The background to this report is based on how architectural art through timesbeen treating daylight with greatest precision to take advantage of its good quality,and how the technical revolution with artificial lighting affects our way of workingwith daylighting today.The purpose of the study is to contribute to the knowledge how the daylightopening affects the perception of a room. The aim is to clarify how proportionsand placement affects how the incident light occurs in the room and how thataffects on how the room is perceived. The study is meant to be used by lightingplanners, and in terms of pleasantness, be able to create the best possible daylightenvironment..

Projektet handlar om att möjliggöra förändringar och att gestalta generella rum..