Since the late 50th century, the automobile has been normative in the Swedish society (Lundin 2008). This has led to an urban environment deeply characterized by the motor vehicle and its necessities, while other means of transportation, such as train and bicycle, have been ignored and put aside. However, over the past decades, a new trend has been seen in urban planning as a consequence of the increasing knowledge of the negative qualities caused by the car. As a result, the bicycle is seen as a conceivable transport mode.This thesis examines cycling on four issues:- Why is there a need of more cyclists? - How can the total number of cyclists as well as the number of satisfied cyclists increase? - Which factors affect the choice of transport mode? - Which factors affect the choice of route?The first two questions are discussed from a literature study that was conducted at the beginning of the thesis.

På flera platser i Europa har övergivna industriområden lämnats orörda och tillåtit naturen ta över, platser som genom design sedan gjorts tillgängliga för människor i form av så kallade urbana naturparker. Målet med uppsatsen är att beskriva ny vild natur utifrån ekologiska, sociala och estetiska värden. Uppsatsen syftar till att besvara frågan om vad forskning och praktiker säger om den nya vilda naturens utvecklingsmöjligheter i stadens övergivna ytor. Vad finns det för attityder kring ny vild natur och de platser den representerar i staden? Genom en litteraturstudie av begreppet 'ny vild natur' behandlar uppsatsen begreppet och de faktorer som gör det till en ny vild natur och vilka ekologiska, sociala och estetiska värden som påvisats för ny vild natur i stadens övergivna platser.

The aim of the present study is to describe the experiences of high school students as regards the effects of their activities, in and out of lessons, being published on the web. In addition, a further purpose is to acquire knowledge about whether a website could be used as means of increasing the students level of attention, and focus, to their activities in school; and, furthermore, how such a website should be designed to correspond with the students requests.The implemented methods are interviews with students, school administrators and teachers. A survey was conducted covering the student?s personal experiences and opinions. Furthermore, an interface test of the website was performed.

Denna studie behandlar mödravården i Kina och med bas i empiriskt material i form av skrivna källor ämnar studien visa på mönster i fördelningen av resurser i landet. Detta genom en undersökning av mödravård samt denna vårds tillgänglighet för kvinnorna i landet. Detta mönster analyseras sedan mot tre teoretiska perspektiv; konvergens/ divergens, urban bias och relative deprivation för att se vilket av dessa perspektiv som bäst förklarar tillgängligheten av mödravård. Studien visar på stora skillnader mellan regioner och individer och drar slutsatsen att trots att stora skillnader kan iakttas mellan stad och landsbygd, finns det också betydande skillnader inom regioner. Privatiseringen av hälsovården under de senaste decennierna har gjort att vårdens tillgänglighet i allt större utsträckning är beroende av den enskilde individens ekonomi snarare än dennes geografiska position..

The thesis is about integration in the city and how integration can be improved through physical planning. Segregation can result in changing peoples? prerequisites in our society. Opportunities in life become dependent on what area of the city you live in or where you grew up. Integration denotes acceptance for all people, while different cultural and ethnic identities are preserved at the same conditions for everyone.

Landscape architecture is a visual profession, but other senses also affect our interpretation of a place. Sounds can give us a lot of information about an environment, and they are often perceived as positive. Despite this, research about outdoor sounds most often focus on the reduction of unwanted sounds ? noise ? but the absence of noise does not result in a good soundscape. To accomplish this, sounds we appreciate are needed.

The thesis is about integration in the city and how integration can be improved through physical planning. Segregation can result in changing peoples? prerequisites in our society. Opportunities in life become dependent on what area of the city you live in or where you grew up. Integration denotes acceptance for all people, while different cultural and ethnic identities are preserved at the same conditions for everyone.

In order to fully grasp the phenomena 'City' we must understand its political structure as an integrated part of its physical structure and vice versa. This thesis focuses on one crucial element of the City, the public space, and discusses it in relation to the public realm, or sphere, of the City. The aim is to see if it is possible to conceive public space as a spatial dimension of power, and if so, how to analyse this. With the help of the theoretical tool of two ideal types of the configuration of public space, "The city as civic public life" and "The city as authoritarian control" an empirical study is carried out on the case of Prishtina, capital of Kosovo.Conclusions made are that function and use of a city's public spaces can be understood in relation to changes in the political climate of the society. Furthermore, a void in the asset of concepts offered by the ideal types is found ? and therefore also need for new concepts to describe and understand a public space undergoing a dynamic transformation, as being a part of a city in political transition..

In this report, a case study of conditions for Swedish language development in children of immigrant origin is presented, and its results explored. The boundaries of the case study are defined as preschool pedagogues? facilitation of Swedish language development through co-learning, in children of immigrant origin in an ethnically segregated urban area. Concepts central to the report include dialogue, second language learning and perspectives on language difficulties. For the theoretical background of the report, a basic sociocultural theorem is used, which links language as well as other areas of development to verbal interaction in a social context.

This paper deals with village history around millstone quarry Eastern Utsjö in Malung, Sweden, in the hope of finding deposits that could date the quarry, in that the quarry in the current situation is dated only by the millstone fragments outside the resort. My purpose was to conduct a discussion on the quarry alone can be dated by deposits outside the resort. I have used FMIS RAÄ:s fornsök and a lot of literature to identify village history. The results showed that it is not possible to date the millstone quarry from village history, but through deposits outside the resort of Malung, which have been found around Mälardalen, Sweden through archaeological excavations, and derived from the millstone quarry Eastern Utsjö, can put an age on the quarry..

Clearcutting systems have been the dominating silvicultural approach during the last decades in the Nordic countries. While economically rational, it is also leading to a trivialisation of the flora and fauna, and may result in negative reactions of people in urban settings. As a consequence of this, and a more diversified view on which goods and services forests should deliver, there is an increasing interest in broadening the range of silvicultural methods that are used. The term continuous cover forestry (CCF) represents a suite of methods that have gained increasing interest in the Nordic countries. In CCF a considerable amount of the trees are left after harvest to favour values that require a continuity of tree-covered areas. There are thus hopes that this method will meet the needs for maintaining biodiversity and satisfy social and cultural values.

Several scenarios point toward a future where we are far more people on Earth than today, where most of those people will live in cities and where oil no longer dominates in the transport systems and in agriculture as an energy source and where less energy will be available to us. The report investigates what areas in traditional ecological knowledge that can contribute to the transition that follows a future with less energy and establishes three areas with the potential of becoming important: areaspecific biological knowledge in societies that are more dependent upon its surrounding environment and its natural prerequisitesthe local management of these biological resources, which often means a fair sharing and sustainable handling of the resources and which has been observed in Nobel price awarded Elinor Ostrom?s researchthe world views that lie behind how the environment is considered and managed, world views that can inspire and point toward how we in the future should formulate world views that do not give the destructive modern management of the environment It is also noted that the magnitude of the city living in the future is a historical news and that very little research has been done in how traditional knowledge can be transferred into this kind of living..

Through the different stages of life people have different requirements for their homes. The requirements changes depending on people?s life situation, lifestyleand age. Depending on where people are in life they live in different place, often in areas with other people who are in the same stage of life. In Sweden, this separation has always been noticeable, sometimes more than other.

The aim of this study was to analyze the assessment of the primary school, from the teacher?s perspective. There has been an ongoing discussion regarding assessment and about the purposes of assessment for a long time. But there is a paucity of research on what teachers believe about. This study examined primary teachers? beliefs on major purposes of assessment.Assessment is the process of gathering and interpreting information about students? learning.

Saab Training Systems är ett företag i Saab-koncernen som utvecklar, tillverkar och marknadsför produkter för militär utbildning. Ett av de centrala systemen i företagets produktportfölj är det instrumenterade stridsträningskonceptet GAMER, i vilket soldater kan öva dubbelsidig träning samtidigt som övningsledningen via ett centralt styrsystem kan övervaka och interagera i övningsförloppet.I och med den övergång som skett i många av världens försvarsmakter, från ett tungt territorialförsvar till ett välutbildat insatsförsvar har kraven på den enskilda soldatens förmågor höjts avsevärt. Samtidigt har det även skett en övergång gällande den generella hotbilden, från att tidigare ha utgjorts av en annan militärmakt, till paramilitära grupperingar som ofta bedriver en gerillaliknande krigsföring. Dessa två faktorer innebär att även förutsättningarna för soldatutbildningen har förändrats.Som ett led i anpassningen till dessa förändringar utreds i denna rapport möjligheterna att utveckla soldaternas audiella upplevelse i GAMER. Detta för att skapa ökade förutsättningar för en komplett upplevelsebaserad inlärning, som inte bara övar soldatens förmåga att använda sig av den taktiska information som ljudbilden förmedlar, utan även förbereder soldaterna på bästa sätt för den främmande miljö som dagens militära insatser ofta innebär.Inledningsvis genomförs en ljudcentrerad användningsfallsanalys av en uppsättning grundläggande övningsscenarion.