Bakgrund: En kombination av olika riskfaktorer och ett yttre tryck bidrar till att patienter drabbas av trycksår. Sjuksköterskor i samarbete med undersköterskor ansvarar för att förhindra risken för trycksår hos patienter. Tidigare studie påvisar att femton procent av inneliggande patienter på sjukhus drabbas av trycksår. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att belysa varför patienter får trycksår trots att sjuksköterskan i samarbete med undersköterskan bör ha kunskaper för att förebygga vårdrelaterade trycksår. Metod: Författarna använder sig av metoden allmän litteraturöversikt.

The trotting in Sweden has a good reputation in an international view, both in the perspective of success and how the sport is managed with focus on security, animal protection and animal welfare. A large number of equipment details are fitted on the horses during training and competition. The Swedish law of prevention of cruelty to animals regulate training and competition with racehorses, and propose to protect horses from unnecessary suffering. The equipment permitted in races is regulated in Tävlingsreglementet (The Regulation of Competititon) and in the regulations of equipment, that the Nordic Regulation Committee and Nordic Animal Welfare Committee have worked out. Due to training and competition the equipment must even meet the Swedish law of prevention of cruelty to animals. However, the behaviour or the senses of the horses is often affected by the equipment due to the way the equipment corrects, modifies, restrains or reduces the behaviour of the horse, which may cause the horse stress or discomfort.

The aim of this thesis is to study 15 and 16-year-olds? perception of libraries. Despite the fact that the youth is seen as a prioritized group when it comes to library work, the focus is often drawn to the children, and there is a risk that teens and their needs are set aside. My focus is the public library and how the young people in my study use it in their leisure time. The theory of the thesis is a model created by Skot-Hansen, Hvenegaard Rasmussen and Jochumsen and it highlights four possible rooms or functions in a library, concerning inspiration, learning, meetings and creativity.

Noise is a growing health problem. People are not always aware of the injuries that noise can cause. The media culture of today has a big influence on teenagers. This is caused by portable music players, computers, concerts etc. The schools are having larg classes and that can cause a lot irrelevant speech during lessons.

Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att beskriva hur sjuksköterskor arbetar med preventiva åtgärder vid trycksårs uppkomst samt vilka omvårdnadsåtgärder som ges till patienter som utvecklat trycksår. Vetenskapliga artiklar söktes i databaserna Medline via Pubmed och Cinahl med sökorden nursing, pressure ulcer, prevention, treatment, therapy, intervention. Endast artiklar från år 2003- mars 2008 användes i studien. Både kvantitativa och kvalitativa artiklar användes, dessa artiklar granskades utifrån två modifierade granskningsprotokoll. Resultatet påvisade variationer av dessa preventiva insatser som sjuksköterskor använde sig av.

The purpose of the paper is to examine how teachers in preschool is working with language stimulation for the prevention of difficulties in reading and writing before school starts. The method that was used to illuminate the problem is a qualitative interview. A specialpedagog and six preschool teacher, which is specifically focused on language stimulation in the work with children, have been included in the study. The results indicated that preschool teacher are working a lot with language stimulation. They work mostly with children throughout the group, to encourage and provide children with the tools to be able to communicate with each other and staff.

Varje år omkommer cirka 500 personer i trafiken och runt 20 000 personer skadas. Betydande riskfaktorer till trafikolyckor är alkohol och droger som blivit allt vanligare förekommande. Det uppskattas att mellan 12 500 ? 15 000 personer kör onyktra på landets vägar dagligen. Rattfylleristerna domineras av yngre och medelålders män och ungefär två tredjedelar av rattfylleristerna har ett alkoholproblem.

Abstract A qualitative study of stress management within geriatric care Authors: Hildingsson, Emelie & Magnusson, JessicaSupervisor: Hjorth Aronsson, Christina Essay topic related to stress and stress management in the geriatric care. The purpose of this study is to ascertain how the unit managers, within care of elderly, in their role as manager and leader handle possible stress reactions among its nursing staff. Our purpose will generate the following issues;         How does the employer discover stress among the employees?        In what way is the stress taken care of among the geriatric care staff?What opportunities are there to prevent stress?The study is based on a qualitative research method. As a data collection method we've used semi-structured interviews and we have implemented them in five female heads in a medium-sized municipality in Sweden.

This study is based on an observation of one of the biggest webcommunitys in Sweden today, called Lunarstorm. My main purpose was to research how young people use this media for talking about drug and alcohol-related subjects. The questions I posed were the following:- In which way do young people talk about drugs and alcohol on Lunarstorm?- What possibilities does Lunarstorm create for these questions?- How do the users relate to each other, regarding support for relatives to drug or alcohol-abusers or own substance use?My method of collecting empirical data consisted of observation of the forum, and my method for analyzing the data was based on a discourse- analysis. Trough this I found that the media creates a way for young people to meet others with similar problems, both grown-ups and people of the same age.

Introduktion: Prevalensen av fetma bland barn och ungdomar ökar trots att internationella organisationer och myndigheter försöker uppmärksamma allmänheten på riskerna att drabbas av sjukdomar och att sjukvårdskostnaderna ökar för samhället. I takt med den ökande ?fetmaepidemin? ökar antalet individer med metabolt syndrom i världen. Viktiga förklaringar till uppkomsten av metabolt syndrom är brist på fysisk aktivitet tillsammans med högt energiintag, felaktiga matvanor, stress och psykosociala faktorer. Prevalensen för det metabola syndromet är högt bland barn och ungdomar med fetma och ökar i takt med att fetman förvärras.

Musiker är en yrkesgrupp som utsätts för långvarig statisk och dynamisk, repetitiv belastning framförallt i bål och övre extremitet. Denna belastning ökar risken att drabbas av muskeloskelettala besvär, perifera nervskador samt fokal dystoni. Smärta och/eller dysfunktion kan ha förödande konsekvenser för en musiker som i värsta fall tvingas avbryta sin karriär. En sjukgymnast med specifika kunskaper kring musikers situation skulle kunna erbjuda lämplig konservativ behandling i antingen ett behandlande eller preventivt syfte. Syfte: Att skapa en översikt av forskningsresultat avseende effekter av sjukgymnastisk behandling och prevention riktad till musiker som drabbats av smärta och/eller dysfunktion i rörelseapparaten.En litteratursökning gjordes i flera olika databaser.

Since the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) that causes Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) was discovered in the 1980s, the condom has scientifically proven to be the only technological device that can prevent transmission of the virus during sexual intercourse. This technical approach to the HIV has strongly emphasized that prevention is only possible if the condom is properly used. However, as a technological artifact the condom has shown that its use is laden with values. The question of values on condoms has brought in a heated debate on the moral justifications of its use. In Malawi, just as in other African countries, the Faith Community has rejected the Governmentsplea to promote condoms as the preventive measure against the virus.The Faith Community has emphasized on abstinence and mutual faithfulness as the only reliable means to the prevention of HIV/AIDS.

AbstractJerfström, M. (2013). Mission overweight and obesity ? how do child-care centers operate? C-thesis in Public Health. Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies.

De antibiotika resistenta bakterierna blir allt fler, Methicillin Resistenta Stafylokocker Aureus är en av dem. MRSA återfinns på väldigt många sjukhus världen över och är ett alltmer växande problem. Syftet med litteraturstudien är att belysa effekter av sjuksköterskans compliance avseende prevention och preventiva åtgärder vid risk för spridning av MRSA samt de riskmoment som uppstår vid omvårdnadsarbetet i generell sjukvård. Studien har utförts enligt sju steg för att ha ett systematiskt tillvägagångssätt. Sökningarna har gjorts i Pubmed och Cinahl, kvantitativa studier har inkluderats i litteratursökningen.

Background: From a public health perspective it is of great interest to prevent the risk of noise induced hearing loss, because in addition to hearing loss, tinnitus and sound sensitivity also may lead to other health problems. About 1,4 million people in Sweden live with some form of hearing loss and 25000 of them are children under the age of 16. Studies have shown that hearing loss among adolescents is increasing and it is often associated with sound environments in their leisure time. Lectures in hearing prevention has been conducted in schools for adolescents but have not reached the desired results. Objective: To enquire caregivers? attitude, behaviour and perceived knowledge about sound exposure and its risks.