Bluetongue, en vektorburen infektionssjukdom som drabbar idisslare, har tidigare endast funnit i tropiska samt subtropiska delar av världen. Sedan ett drygt decennium tillbaka har denna bild förändrats och sjukdomen förekommer nu även längre norrut i Europa. Sverige fick sitt första konstaterade fall av infektion med bluetonguevirus, vilket var av serotyp 8 (BTV-8), i september 2008. En vaccinationskampanj i de södra delarna av landet inleddes snabbt med syftet att utrota denna epizootisjukdom från Sverige. Även i många andra EU-länder har man inlett en omfattande vaccination av mottagliga tamdjur med ett avdödat vaccin mot BTV-8.

The voluntary none-financial sustainability report has become a Trend within accounting. The environmental issues used to be driven by activists only, but lately it has moved in to the general agenda in many companies. Investors are starting to put more attention to the sustainability reporting as it is considered to add value to the company. There are several standard guidelines to be used when producing a sustainability report, one example is the GRI´s Guidelines that takes the following three dimensions in consideration: economy, environment and social. This Guideline is from an international perspective considered to be of good accounting practice (Ljungdahl 2008).

Säkerhetsarbete bedrivs på alla nivåer i samhället från individnivå till regeringsnivå. Bakgrunden till studien är den problematik som finns i och med skadeutvecklingen i samhället som visar på en ökad Trend av personskador i boendemiljön. Studien syftar till att ge en samlad bild av centrala myndigheters säkerhetsarbete med personskador i boendemiljön. Målet med detta är att utifrån den samlade bilden av myndigheters säkerhetsarbete i boendet ta reda på om det finns strukturer inom boendemiljön där flera myndigheter riktar sitt arbete respektive områden som faller mellan stolarna.Metodformen som används i studien är en riktad innehållsanalys av dokument. Ett urval av följande myndigheter har studerats; Boverket, Konsumentverket, Socialstyrelsen samt Statens räddningsverk. Resultaten av analysen visar på att myndighetsarbetet är komplext och svårnavigerat.

This report was undertaken at the request of the Management and maintenance department of Swedish National Road Authority (Vägverket Region Sydöst) in Jönköping.In 1992, the management and maintenance of Swedish roads were laid out on external constructors. When putting out a tender for the work, the foundation is from a national set of rules which are in constant change. This report is limited to winter road upkeep.The Trend in the invitation for tenders is that it is moving from the more conventional executional demands towards the less controlling demands. The downside of functional, less controlling demands is that it is difficult to articulate how to measure them. The order authority therefore has to find ways to make sure to get what has been paid for.In connection to the invitation for tender of winter road upkeep for 2005, the new set of rules, ATB Vinter 2003 was deployed.The main purpose of this thesis is to see which the big changes in the set of rules are and how these changes affect the organisation and activities of the constructor.It is also studied how the changes in execution is perceived by road users and how it affects the possibilities of the constructor to come as a newcomer to a new area of administration.Interviews and examination of sets of rules has led to a list of a number of changes that the constructors feel affect their work in any sense.Views from road users that have come in to the order authority have been scrutinized to see how they have experienced the change.

The spontaneous blink rate is found to be a non-invasive but functional, reliable and useful way to monitor central dopaminergic activity. Dopamine is associated with a range of functions such as reward, motivation and learning. It plays an important role in goal-directed behavior and in maintaining a behavior once a task is learned. As far as the author knows, there are today no publications that discuss the topic regarding the possible link between training and spontaneous blink rate in dogs. Therefore, eight privately owned dogs were included in this study to determine if there was a significant difference in the spontaneous blink rate before and after the process of learning a task.

Surdegsbrödet har förekommit i den mänskliga historien sedan 7000 år tillbaka. Populariteten har varierat men brödet har de senaste åren frekvent synts såväl i media som i bagerier. Brödindustrin har uppmärksammat Trenden och resultatet av den dynamiska produktutvecklingen kan ses i livsmedelsbutikernas utbud. Produktutvecklingen är idag konsumentinriktad och endast ett fåtal av nylanserade livsmedelsprodukter överlever på den tuffa marknaden. För att produkten ska sälja är det enligt flera forskare av största vikt att involvera konsumentens tankar och uppfattningar tidigt i produktutvecklingen Ett pågående forskningsprojekt är en del av statens och livsmedelsbranschens storsatsning på livsmedelsforskning.

The interest in small-scale electricity in Sweden has increased strongly in recent years. The interest is noticeable both among politicians to increase the share of renewables in the energy mix, and among electricity consumers to partially replace purchased electricity with self-produced. This has resulted in a significant increase of electricity production in low voltage grids in recent years, and the Trend appears to continue in the coming years. The majority of the new production plants are solar cells, followed by wind turbines, and it is also in these the greatest efforts are made in this paper.Distributed generation is often seen as something positive since it will contribute to reduced transmission losses and reduced voltage drop in the networks, and that it increases the share of electricity from renewable sources. In cases where the grids are not strong enough, or in other ways not adapted to manage the installed production, power quality may be adversely affected.

The amount of cargo has since the 1970s increased in Sweden and the road traffic accounts for a large part of the transported volume. In Stockholm County the amount of cargo is calculated to be doubled in size from year 2001 to 2020 which means a greater need for transport is required. Much of these transports are being carried out by haulage companies of varying sizes which acts externally as carriers for their customers. All of this despite a greater awareness, laws and demands regarding environmental performance.The Trend shows that the haulage industry in Sweden are moving towards fewer but larger haulage companies, which means that the competition is getting tougher for the smaller haulage companies. Smaller haulage companies and research about their competitive strategies is a neglected part of this industry.

Background: There has been a movement of power towards customers in most markets which puts higher demands upon the customer orientation of organizations to survive competition. In general the opinion is that satisfied customers also are profitable for the organization. Even though a consciousness exists about this connections importance for the organization there exists no prominent economical theory showing how a organization should work with customer adaptation and how management should be shaped for success in this area. In the field of competitive sports clubs a similar Trend is discernible since the field is increasingly commercialized.Purpose: The purpose of this study is to adapt The Balanced Scorecard as a model to the demands on management that customer orientation causes and to use the knowledge created during the study to show how customer orientation in a competitive sports club could look.Realization: The study first takes the form of a literature study which emerges into a theoretic development. Above that a case study of Linköpings Hockey Club has been accomplished so that knowledge created from the literature study could be used on competitive sports clubs.

Regeringen stödjer startandet av nya företag och att starta ett café presenteras som en Trend som lockar unga entreprenörer. Utformning och start av café kan ses ur olika perspektiv. Två modeller har valts, dessa berör huvudsakligen gästens perspektiv och handlar om måltidens fem aspekter; rummet, mötet, produkten, styrsystemet och atmosfären. Producentens perspektiv benämns i arbetet som ?Startmodellen för café? och är uppdelad i olika nivåer som täcker områden som planering av nya verksamheter, ekonomi, livsmedelsvetenskap, ledarskap och marknadsföring.

Recently, the selections of ethical funds are increased; at the same time investors with social and moral preferences have increased in the capital market. There are currently debates on whether ethical funds perform better or worse than funds without ethical criteria. This also involves a vivid discussion on whether investors know about the consequences of investing in ethical funds. Therefore, this study involves theories about the rationality and decision theory, in addition to what mainly control the investment decisions. The study also discusses portfolio theory since this is one of the underlying theories behind fund management and its development.The purpose of this study is to explain if ethical limitations in the selection of securities affect risk and return in the fund portfolio.

Surdegsbrödet har förekommit i den mänskliga historien sedan 7000 år tillbaka. Populariteten har varierat men brödet har de senaste åren frekvent synts såväl i media som i bagerier. Brödindustrin har uppmärksammat Trenden och resultatet av den dynamiska produktutvecklingen kan ses i livsmedelsbutikernas utbud. Produktutvecklingen är idag konsumentinriktad och endast ett fåtal av nylanserade livsmedelsprodukter överlever på den tuffa marknaden. För att produkten ska sälja är det enligt flera forskare av största vikt att involvera konsumentens tankar och uppfattningar tidigt i produktutvecklingen Ett pågående forskningsprojekt är en del av statens och livsmedelsbranschens storsatsning på livsmedelsforskning.

Outsourcing means to contract out work previously done within the cooperation to a supplier.This is an increasing Trend today. Traditionally companies have outsourced manufacturing butwith the growing specialization they tend to outsource other activities as well.China?s economical reforms and entrance into the World Trade Organization, WTO, hasenabled international business connections. Since China offers one of the cheapest labours inthe world, many companies have an interest in starting up an activity in the country. Themany foreign investments in China have lead to an economical growth which in turn hasmade it possible for China to invest in the Chinese competence and innovative capacity.The commissioner of this master thesis, SMS, is one of the leading actors in retrieval ofamong other things mounts and stands for flat screens and projectors.

The purpose of this study is to examine young adults', 18-19 years old, attitudes towards corporal punishment and with the help of social constructionism, grid-group theory and relevant concepts analyze the results and compare it with previous research. The research questions introduce various factors such as gender, origin and personal experiences of corporal punishment that may affect the attitudes. In order to fulfill the purpose and answer the research questions, a quantitative research method has been selected. There was 118 participants in the survey. The study was conducted by means of surveys in high schools in Örebro. Social constructionism made us realize how the community, perceptions and expectations might influence attitudes. Grid-group theory gave us an insight into how different family structures may explain why attitudes toward corporal punishment of children differ between individuals.

Surdegsbrödet har förekommit i den mänskliga historien sedan 7000 år tillbaka. Populariteten har varierat men brödet har de senaste åren frekvent synts såväl i media som i bagerier. Brödindustrin har uppmärksammat Trenden och resultatet av den dynamiska produktutvecklingen kan ses i livsmedelsbutikernas utbud. Produktutvecklingen är idag konsumentinriktad och endast ett fåtal av nylanserade livsmedelsprodukter överlever på den tuffa marknaden. För att produkten ska sälja är det enligt flera forskare av största vikt att involvera konsumentens tankar och uppfattningar tidigt i produktutvecklingen Ett pågående forskningsprojekt är en del av statens och livsmedelsbranschens storsatsning på livsmedelsforskning.