Children and young people's right to culture is a priority in the Government's cultural policy. Creative school was introduced in 2008 with the aim that children and youth should receive professional culture in school and increasing access to culture in all forms of expression and possibilities of their own creation, with starting points in the school curriculum. The purpose of this bachelor is to explore the view, the treatment and the use of Creative school in Värmland. A comparison has been made between professional culture, which conveys the culture and culture Coordinator who develops and co-ordinates the work of culture in schools, based on their experiences of creating school. I have looked at what barriers and opportunities there are in liaison with the school and how creative activities can be integrated into the school's other subjects.

Tidigare forskning har visat att posttraumatisk stress syndrom (PTSD) och depression är vanligt förekommande symtom hos individer som exponerats för krig. Studier om kurdiska emigranter i Sverige och deras psykiska hälsa är dock begränsad. Denna studie syftade till att beskriva människors erfarenheter av bombattacken av Halabja. Avsikten var även att förklara och öka kunskapen om individers hanterande av erfarenheten. Ett ytterligare syfte var att undersöka hur respondenterna blivit bemötta av myndigheter de kommit i kontakt med.

The development within the textile industry is always ongoing with development of new andbetter textiles, which often mean the use of non-natural materials like polyester. This doesn?t lineup with the work shared around the world against an improved environment, so the idea came touse a form of linen fibers instead of polyester as the reinforcing material together with cotton.The idea was to use flax, linen of low quality, which is seen as a waste product and garbage inthe production of high quality linen and flax seed oil. This flax of low quality needs to beseparated before it can be used in cotton spinning machines. Fireball 2 is just that, a process toseparate flax fibers through the treatment of a technique called electrohydraulic discharge.The thesis works goal is to evaluate the Fireball 2 process ability to separate flax fiber.

Förlossning som avslutas med sugklocka är den vanligaste instrumentella vaginala förlossningen i Sverige. Orsaken till att sugklocka används är att barnet har en hotande fosterasfyxi eller att modern drabbats av värksvaghet. Det finns få studier som belyser kvinnors upplevelser av att ha genomgått en förlossning med sugklocka. Studiens frågeställning är: Är det alltid ett trauma eller kan det upplevas som positivt att få hjälp att avsluta förlossningen? Vad kan påverka utfallet av förlossningsupplevelsen? Syftet med studien är att belysa kvinnors upplevelse av att ha genomgått förlossning som avslutas med sugklocka.Åtta förstföderskor intervjuades, 10-15 månader efter sin förlossning, om deras upplevelse av att ha blivit förlösta med sugklocka.

This paper is the result of an osteological study of the skeletal remains uncovered during an archaeological excavation of the medieval cemetery in Norra Nöbbelöv. The purpose of the study is to compare the material from the rural site (Norra Nöbbelöv) with materials excavated from the old medieval graveyards in the city of Lund. The aim is to try and shedsome light on the question of whether there is any difference in the occurrence and frequency of fractures and osteoarthritis in the materials compared. The first section of the paper consists of a short historical background of Norra Nöbbelöv and Lund, a chapter on ethics, general results of the analysis and the methods used. Thissection was co-authored by Ulla Zagal-Mach and Åsa Strandh.

AbstraktPatienter läggs in på intensivvårdsavdelning (IVA) i samband med plötslig sjukdom eller trauma. Det är för närstående en chockerande och skrämmande upplevelse kantad av oro och rädsla för patientens liv. IVA-sjuksköterskorna har till uppgift att bistå och stödja närstående. Syftet var att genom litteraturöversikt belysa behov och upplevelser hos närstående till patient som vårdas på intensivvårdsavdelning. Metoden var en litteraturöversikt av vetenskapliga artiklar publicerade år 2000-2010.

This paper attempts to display how five teachers of social studies use and relate to the policy documents and their instructions on gender. To penetrate the subject, five teachers were intreviewed. Each interview focused on how the curriculum attempts to guide teachers regarding gender, sex differences and equality of opportunity. The collected information was processed, analyzed and discussed using gender studies and discourse theory.The results show that the interpretation and usage of the curriculum is very subjective and varies greatly between all the interviewed teachers. Their personal interpretation proves to be crucial when it comes to making reality of the stated goals in the curriculum, concerning actively working towards equality of opportunity between sexes.

I dagens samhälle ställs höga krav på sjuksköterskan. Hon/hanska kunna möta och ta hand om patienter med olika bakgrundoch erfarenhet. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att belysa faktorersom påverkar sjuksköterska och patient vid omhändertagande påakutmottagning. Studien genomfördes som en litteraturstudie, medinduktiv metod där fakta i resultaten kategoriserades i tre delar,vilka var kompetens, bemötande och bedömning. Alla som utsättsför något traumatiskt riskerar att drabbas av posttraumatisktstressyndrom.

Att vara tvungen att lämna sitt land innebär för de flesta människor ett stort trauma. Resan till ett nytt och annorlunda liv innebär alltid förluster. Att börja om i en ny kultur, uppleva kulturkrockar och lära sig språk i ett nytt land är inte helt lätt. Här har skolan en stor uppgift både med utbildning och med integrering i det svenska samhället. Det första mötet med den svenska skolan får de vuxna genom SFI(svenska för invandrare).

In modern dairy production the milking frequency is increased in some herds due to introducing of automatic milking systems or the farmers decision to milk high producing dairy cows more than two times a day. With more frequent milkings the milk yield increases while the content of fat and protein decreases. However, how the composition of protein is influenced is not fully evaluated. The purpose of this study was therefore to see if a higher milking frequency had any impact on the milk production and especially on the protein composition. This study was conducted as a half udder experiment.

In this thesis I discuss and analyse the use of violence of Basque radical nationalists after the 11th of September 2001 and the bombing of Madrid the 11th of March 2004. The field study is performed in the Basque country with interviews both on the French and Spanish side of the border with representatives from the Basque Nationalist Liberation Movement (BNLM).After the 11th of September the Spanish government continued its struggle against the countries own terror - ETA. But as the research will show the new political context after the 11/9 made it possible for the state to intensify the labelling of groups from the BNLM as terrorist organisations and thereby putting its members and leaders in prison for terrorism. My research shows that this social change may lead to a mobilisation of activists inside ETA, which in turn might create a continuity of the group's use of violence. The scenario is though challenged by an other setting in which the political situation after the 11/9 have made use of violence by militant groups like ETA illegitimate and irrational as a consequence of the mental trauma among the people of the western world.

Prisons are for many an unknown world, and few know about the prison culture which includes unwritten rules, power structures, interactions and relationships between inmates and correctional employees.While many think that Swedish prisons are too comfortable,inmates are facing extreme stress due to surveillance and detention, by depriving inmates their possibility to shape their own lives. When the inmates is deprived of control over their own life?s the penal system have great power to shape and to influence the inmates.The purpose of this paper is to investigate prisoners' experiences of treatment and exercise of power in prisons. Starting point is to examine what are the kinds of relationships between prison officers and inmates from a power perspective, if there is any difference between the closed and open prisons and how the inmates affected by the structures that exist.Based on my overall purpose, and with my informant´s stories which revealed a number of similar points, four main headings were developed; Mass media and society´s view, and unknown world, interaction between inmates and prison officers and consequences.Prison officers with the role as a contact persons as well and other staff which work close to the inmates play a significant role by supporting through motivational interviewing and can help the inmates to gain insight about their life situation and actions. My informant?s underlined that a good contact person can either help or discourage.Inmates who contributed with their experiences express that there is a big difference between open-and closed prisons.

Vårdsökande från andra kulturer har ofta ett stort behov av omsorg beroende på traumatiska skador och händelser som många bär med sig från sitt hemland förutom det trauma det innebär att bryta upp och fly till ett annat land. Idag och i den framtida yrkesrollen är det distriktssköterskan som möter de flesta vårdsökande från andra kulturer. Syftet med studien var att beskriva distriktssköterskors erfarenheter av att möta vårdsökande från andra kulturer. I studien deltog fem distriktssköterskor från norra Sverige. Data samlades in med semistrukturerade intervjuer som sedan analyserades med en tematisk innehållsanalys.

Epilepsi är ett tillstånd som uppkommer vid okontrollerad elektrisk aktivitet i hjärnan. Personen drabbas av ett så kallat epileptiskt anfall, vilket kan leda till ett frånvarande beteende, förvirring eller medvetslöshet. Orsaker till varför man drabbas av epilepsi kan vara ärrbildningar på hjärnan, yttre skador som slag eller trauma. Epilepsi innebär för många personer en stor förändrad livssituation.Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att belysa upplevelser av att leva med epilepsi samt behovet av stöd. Metoden som användes var en systematisk litteraturstudie som omfattade tolv vetenskapliga artiklar.

AbstractAim of the study: Aim of the study was to investigate whether there were any connections in time between different parts of care in patients with cardiac arrest and hypothermia treatment and cognitive and physical function six months after cardiac arrest and to investigate neurological outcome related to primary registered cardiac arrest rhythm after six months and if there were any changes in cognitive and physical functions as well as self-related health between discharge from hospital and six months after cardiac arrest.Method: The study included 39 patients admitted to three Swedish hospitals between 2008-2011. Cognitive and physical function was evaluated with Cerebral Performance Cathegory, CPC completed with Mini Mental State Examination, MMSE for cognitive function and Bartels Index, BI for physical function and Euroqol-VAS for evaluating the self-related health.Result:  A significant connection was shown between time to start hypothermia treatment and BI, patients with longer time showed improved physical function after six months.Majority of the participants (66,7 %) had Ventricular fibrillation/Ventricular tachycardia, VF /VT, as primary registered cardiac arrest rhythm and in this group CPC and BI was significant better compared with the asystole /Pulsless Electrical Aktivity, PEA group.CPC, MMSE, BI and Euroqol-VAS were all improved over time.Conclusion: Participants with VF /VT as primary registered cardias arrest rhythm had significant better cognitive and physical function 6 months after hypothermia-treated cardiac arrest compared with participants with asystole/PEA as primary registered rhythm. This shows the importance of access to defibrillators in public places in the society and in hospitals and optimal education of lay people and medical staff. Cognitive and physical function and self-rated health improves over time, which might be a very important reason to convey patients, relatives and medical staff to continue cognitive and physical rehabilitation. Keywords: Cardiac arrest, hypothermia, cognitive and physical function, wellbeeing.