Abstrakt InledningSjukdomstillstånd som drabbar ländryggen är ett av de vanligaste tillstånden i västvärlden. Radiologiskt undersöks patienten med konventionell röntgen som förstahandmetod för att radiologiskt diagnostisera spondylolistes, Morbus Bechterew och trauma/fraktur som är några av de vanligaste sjukdomstillstånden som drabbar ländryggen. Det finns inga nationella riktlinjer för vilka projektioner som bör ingå vid konventionell ländryggsröntgen utan varje röntgenklink har själva utformat metodböcker för vilka projektioner som bör ingå vid konventionell ländryggsröntgen.Syfte/frågeställningSyftet med studien var att jämföra och redogöra vilka projektioner som ingår vid konventionell ländryggsröntgen av spondylolistes, Morbus Bechterew och fraktur/trauma vid universitetssjukhusens röntgenkliniker.Frågeställningar: Vilka projektioner ingår vid bildtagning av ländryggen vid spondylolistes, Morbus Bechterew och trauma/fraktur? Varierar antalet bilder och vilka projektioner tas mellan universitetssjukhusens röntgenklinker?MetodResultatet i studien är baserad på röntgenklinikernas metodböcker för konventionell ländryggsröntgen.Resultat Samtliga sju universitetssjukhus deltog i studien och samtliga sju har metodböcker som beskriver vilka projektioner som ingår vid respektive frågeställning. Antalet projektioner som ingår varierar mellan röntgenklinikerna och respektive frågeställning. KonklusionVilka projektioner som ingår vid respektive frågeställning och antalet projektioner som ingår varierar mellan röntgenklinikerna.

The aim with this study was to examine professional peoples' view on the reason why females, under the age of 18 years old, self-harm and the professionals view on their treatment. The study is qualitative and based on eight interviews with professional personnel who work with young females with self-harm behavior in the region of Skåne. To be able to analyze our qualitative interviews we used two theories; the attachment theory and trauma theory. The results of this study show that there are many different functions with the self-harm behavior and that the cause of the behavior can be different among the females. Most of the young females seem to self-harm to reduce anxiety but some also do it to punish themselves, to feel alive or to belong to a group of friends.

The aim of this study was to describe home care personnel and their experiences in palliative care. The design was qualitative and data were collected through interviews. Five home care personnel were interviewed, all women, whom have experience of palliative home care.The material was then analysed with qualitative content analysis and eight main categories, derived from experiences of home care personnel, were identified: relationship, safety, quality of care, a better end-of-life, routine, information, knowledge and competence, and work environment. The result showed that all participants of this study identified themselves as family members of the patients whom they had cared for during a long period of time. Additionally, the participants were emotionally touched when the patient died.The majority experienced that the patients do receive good care in their homes.

An ageing population calls for enlarged needs of care and treatments that is followed by an increased demand on social and medical care. Present organization and structure are not adjusted to these new requirements. Due to this fact, necessary alterations ought to be made between and within the different institutional and non-institutional care actors. This work should be settled locally. In this study, the aim was to describe "Chealth care nearby" as being a new standard of care as well as investigate its significance in the co-operation and collaboration between different care actors.

A publicly funded elderly care that is widely available at people?s homes has been described as unique for the Nordic countries. There is much research that focuses on the relationship between caregivers and care receivers, and also about how work is organized in these organizations. However, research into how care work is organized in organizations that have implemented a salutogenic approach is limited. This is a qualitative study aimed to examine how caregivers feel that the organization of work in elderly care change after implementation of salutogenic elements in their daily work.

The purpose of this study was to gain a clearer picture of how after-school-care teachers? work with fundamental values in after-school care, both practically and theoretically based on the curriculum Lgr 11. I wanted to acquire a broader understanding of the school's core values and what kinds of tools teachers used to cope with their task. I proceeded with two questions:How does after-school care proactively work with core values based on gender, ethnicity and class?How does the work on value issues at after-school care centers compare with Lgr 11?In my study, I used literature studies and a qualitative analysis of five interviews with afterschool care teachers.

Men abuse women every day. It has become a Health Problem which we affects all of us. Help is available for those women who have the strength to seek it. Health care personnel are often these women?s only contact with the surrounding world.

Barn kommer till Sverige av olika anledningar. Det kan bland annat vara att de har upplevt något traumatiskt och tvingats fly. Vi kan aldrig sätta oss in i deras situation, det enda vi kan göra är att försöka förstå. Det är barn med traumatiska erfarenheter som vi valt att belysa i studien.Denna kvalitativa intervjustudie är en undersökning som berör barn som upplevt trauma innan de kom till Sverige. Syftet med studien är att undersöka vilka reaktioner och beteenden barnen kan uppvisa efter traumatiska upplevelser, samt hur de vuxna i skolan förhåller sig tillbarn med traumatiska erfarenheter.I litteraturgenomgången tar vi upp de reaktioner och beteenden som kan uppstå efter trauma.

Background For patients in need for psychiatric care who refuse treatment, coercive care might be necessary due to The Law of Psychiatric Compulsory Care, LPT. The purpose of this law is to make sure the patient later on will be able to increase autonomy. The most frequent patients in coercive care suffer from psychosis, heavy depression or having high risk of committing suicide. One of the most important tasks in the nurse profession is to increase patients? autonomy.

The purpose of this study was to examine and describe how politicians and directors of care define and experience quality in aged care facilities. Further on we wanted to compare on which fundamental principles the participants base their opinion about quality and how they work with quality. To reach our aim we conducted five interviews with politicians and directors of care. The results show that it is hard to determine quality in an unambiguous and objective way. Quality in aged care appears to be about relations and encounters amongst people.

The aim of this study was to examine retiared individuals view of oral health and dental care. A questionnaire was sent to three different retirement organizations and answared by 106 participants. Our studie showed that irrespective of education or health status, the majority considered oral health and dental care was important and will become so in the future. Most elderly individuals can consider getting help with their oral health with oral health care in the future. This studie showed that the elderly are concerned about their appearance.

The objective of this thesis was to examine and analyse how various directors within old-age care, the resident-coordinator, nursing-staff, and the dementia-team apprehend the organisation of dementia nursing homes in the municipality. Our questions were the following:How important is it that the care-receivers are examined and diagnosed?Do the respondents experience difficulties with non-differentiated dementia nursing homes?Which are the advantages and disadvantages for care receivers/patients and nursing-staff if dementia care homes are differentiated according to the care-receivers dementia diagnosis and phase of illness?Are there alternative solutions to the way the municipality organise the residence for carereceivers today that might improve the situation for care-receivers/patients and nursing-staff?How does cooperation or the lack of it mint the conditions for care in dementia nursing homes?Which goals does the municipality have for the organisation of dementia care?Our approach was a qualitative method consisting of interviews to answer the objective of this thesis and our questions. Our findings are supported by a sociological analysis of organisations. Our findings show that there is a conflict of interest between the principle of permanent residence which imply that the care-receiver should not have to move against her or his will and between the use of differentiated dementia nursing homes.

Bakgrund: Trauma är ett världsomfattande problem. I Sverige avlider 4500 personer årligen av traumarelaterade skador. Lennquist (2007) menar att denna siffra kan minskas vid optimerad organisation och förhöjd/förbättrad kompetens inom traumavård. Syfte: Att undersöka operationssjuksköterskors självskattade kompetens inom traumavård utifrån Landstinget Västmanlands kompetensutvecklings modell, baserad på Benners kompetens- och utvecklingsstadier. Metod: Deskriptiv analys av kvantitativ data.

Studiens syfte var att undersöka hur psykologer upplever, påverkas av och hanterar sitt psykoterapeutiska arbete med barn som lider av trauma. Nio psykologer som arbetat i minst tre år med barn och traumabehandlingar intervjuades. Tematisk analys gjordes och huvudresultaten som identifierades var att psykologerna upplevde arbetet som det bästa arbetet de hade haft samtidigt som det var det mest energikrävande de hade gjort. Det mest energikrävande var samverkan med andra aktörer och när barnen fortfarande for illa. Det var viktigt att sätta gränser gentemot arbetet och ha balans i sin empati.

The main purpose of this essay is to study the role of documentation in Swedish health care today and the consequences of the augmentations in paper work that have taken place during the last couple of decades. The method used in this study is interviews with health care personnel.The following questions are treated:-       What kind of documentation has increased in Swedish health care?-       How is the patient/health care professionals affected?-       How is the work of the health care professionals affected?The conclusion of the essay is that the increasing amount of time spent on documentation that for much part has never been performed before, (such as risk analyses, statistics and writing much more thorough charts), has consequently left very little time for actual patient care. The research also showed that faith in health care professionals has significantly decreased and that one of the major reasons for increased documenting is the anticipation of and therefore protection against potential complaints. Finally there seems to be a greater focus on being service-minded rather than on providing quality health care..