Researchers today anticipate that in the near future, the majority of the owners of a smartphone will use it as a wallet, i.e. for contactless payment. The technology that enables contactless payment today is ?Near Field Communication? (NFC), which is increasingly embedded in smartphones. Applications like mobile payment between a phone and a terminal use NFC.

The purpose of the study is to investigate the interest in Sami reindeer herders to use the Low Stress Stockhandling (LSS) method for handling reindeer. Also to find out which reindeer handling situations they think works the best and the worst, and which might need improvement. The purpose of LSS is to reduce the stress animals are subjected to during handling by creating consistent and calm responses from the animals. This is done by handling the animals through the animals? point of view and using natural herd behavior to accomplish this.

AbstractThe Municipality Council decided in 2010 to develop a comprehensive energy efficiency strategy with financial and methodological support from Energimyndigheten (The Swedish Energy Agency). The strategy should include 3 major parts: an inventory of the 2009 energy use defining the current situation, the 2014 and 2020 goals for energy use, and an action plan for goal achievements. According to Energimyndigheten, the strategy must include all municipal administration premises, vehicles, and all majority-owned companies (as Laholmshem, the municipal housing company).The report describes the inventory work in order to obtain the 2009 energy use and the sources of information used. The inventory values are used as the base year values for the 2014 and 2020 goals. The inventory showed that information about the vehicles is dispersed in the municipal administration and no clear structure exists with respect to mileage and fuels used.

Detta examensarbete är ett vidareutvecklingsprojekt som har utförts i samarbete med Bombardier Transportation AB. Företaget är en världsledande tillverkare av spårbundna fordon och detta projekt behandlar bagagehyllan i deras passagerartåg Regina. Antalet tågresenärer har ökat i takt med den ökade miljömedvetenheten vilket har resulterat i hård konkurrens där pris och vikt spelar en avgörande roll. Examensarbetet har därför utförts med målet att reducera bagagehyllan till både vikt och kostnad.Fokus i examensarbetet ligger vid förstudie av tidigare dokument kring bagagehyllan så som analys av kravspecifikation, inköpslistor, underhållsinformation samt analys av bagagehyllans utformning genom studier av ritningar och befintlig hylla. Förstudien har visat på ett antal områden med potential för vikt och kostnadsreducering som till exempel alternativa leverantörer eller material samt förenklingar av konstruktioner och monteringsmetoder.Efter analys av ovan nämnda områden för vikt- och kostnadsreduktion har ett antal lösningar föreslagits.

In December 2008 the municipal council in Nybro, decided that the municipality shouldreduce the budget for food service. The budget should be reduced by 2 100 000 SEK.They decided that the children- and education committee, and the care committee would haveto lower their budget with 1 264 000 SEK respectively 636 000 SEK. The change have to bedone under two years, 60 % should be done under 2009 and 40 % under 2010.As a result of the decision, many kitchens have to become kitchens that only serve food, notcook it. This will result in preschool staff and nursing staff take over some of the tasks fromthe kitchen staff. The municipal council also decided that entrepreneurs could take over one(later two) cooking areas.A kitchen that serves food means that there isn?t any cooking involved.

The crucial factor for successful municipal climate work is that there are driving forces. Most importantly is that the senior officials and politicians in the municipality are dedicated to the cause considering that they have the power to influence and make a change. Besides proactive and committed individuals, it is necessary that the work is organized and anchored by clear and concrete documents and control systems. It is also important that the work is continuously monitored and evaluated. To collaborate with other municipalities, authorities or participate in various networks is another factor contributing to the improved climate work in the form of exchange of information, knowledge and experience.A major driving force for municipalities to improve themselves is the distribution of state aid and grants.

Att bedriva internationell verksamhet är ett omtalat fenomen då vi idag handlar mer med andra delar av världen, lär oss fler nya språk och reser längre bort än förut. Internationalisering har blivit allt viktigare för tillväxten av företag och det ses som en ofrånkomlig överlevnadsstrategi som bidrar till värdefulla erfarenheter och användbart lärande. Företag anpassar sin verksamhet till internationella miljöer genom ett innovativt, proaktivt och ett risksökande beteende vilket sträcker sig utanför den egna nationens gränser. De senaste decennierna har inneburit att världen dramatiskt har förändrats och därigenom även det ekonomiska samhället. Den globala marknaden har ändrat synen på landsgränser och geografiska avstånd vilket har lett till att världen numera är mer integrerad.

Att bedriva internationell verksamhet är ett omtalat fenomen då vi idag handlar mer med andra delar av världen, lär oss fler nya språk och reser längre bort än förut. Internationalisering har blivit allt viktigare för tillväxten av företag och det ses som en ofrånkomlig överlevnadsstrategi som bidrar till värdefulla erfarenheter och användbart lärande. Företag anpassar sin verksamhet till internationella miljöer genom ett innovativt, proaktivt och ett risksökande beteende vilket sträcker sig utanför den egna nationens gränser. De senaste decennierna har inneburit att världen dramatiskt har förändrats och därigenom även det ekonomiska samhället. Den globala marknaden har ändrat synen på landsgränser och geografiska avstånd vilket har lett till att världen numera är mer integrerad.

During a fire large amounts of particles and unhealthy agents occur.  Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and toxic metals are examples among many others. These agents have a capacity to bond to particles and when the fire is extinguished, the particles can be transferred with the extinguish water into the soil and to the groundwater.Recent studies in particles have been conducted. A study by Ulrika Iverfelt (2014) reviled that the particles from a fire contained large amounts of both PAH and metals, which is consistent with earlier analyses. Her column experiments with particles in the size ? 11 microns and ?100 microns in silica sand, reviled that the larger particles was immobilized because the transportation was influenced by sieving or physiochemical particle and surface interactions.The transport of the particles in soil and groundwater is regulated by two main mechanisms: physiochemical surface interactions and straining.

This study will identify the environmental impact in terms of carbon dioxide for a boiler house on behalf of Kvänum energi. The boiler central consists of a main building, which in turn contains multiple components such as boilers, pipes, etc, the boiler central uses pellets fuel. It also includes a silo and an ash container. The total weight of the boiler is about 63 tons. Each boiler has an output of 600 kW; the central includes three boilers with room for a fourth if necessary.

To distribute goods to customers in urban areas is necessary to support the economic and social development in the cities, but has consequences that affect both residents of cities as well as the environment. The environmental effects of these types of transport involves not only the emissions of various pollutants, but also an increased noise level inside the cities. Many companies and organizations are working hard to change the distribution pattern to streamline transport in the urban area, while environmental impact is reduced. This is in line with what is called the City Logistics. The purpose of this thesis is to create a method for describing and measuring a given transport solution in order to compare it with an altered transport solution to achieve a more sustainable development.

Today?s globalisation has opened up borders between countries as can especially be seen with the opening of the European Union. This has increased possibilities of communication and transportation, which has provided companies with greater expansion opportunities throughout the world. However, difficulties may occur when companies choose to establish abroad, for instance when French companies establish in Sweden through subsidiaries, the lack of knowledge and understanding, when it comes to the business culture, customs, and values within the host country, as well as the culture and the structure within the company, may contribute to misunderstandings and inability to work in an amalgamated manner. These barriers are a cause of unsuccessful penetration within foreign markets.

Forest enterprises have always searched for ways to improve efficiency. For the past few years there has been an emphasis on stock-keeping levels. Increased demand for fresh round timber and the need to decrease the amount of tied-up capital has made the forest industry reduce its inventory levels. This has brought on a higher demand on the timber supply from the forest management districts concerning both delivery in time and assortment output. As a result, the flow of timber has fluctuated a lot with serious consequence for the timber supply during 1994.

Purpose: This study deals with warehouse management with an emphasis on vertical lift modules (VLM). The aim is to examine the effect of the implementation of VLM on a business's warehouse management. In order to obtain a result, the study has been based on the following questions:? How was the warehouse management designed before the implementation of VLM?? How is warehouse management designed after the implementation of VLM?Method: To be able to answer these questions, interviews with ten users of VLM performed. All users usually lift systems from the same manufacturer.

China has the world?s largest population and during the last thirty years the country has implemented political and economical changes that have affected China to move towards a more western market economic direction. At first this development was going slow but during the last five years it has increased which today has made China the world?s greatest growing economy. China?s improved cooperation with the world is one reason for this growth which has led to a cumulative of the consumer market.