The purpose of this thesis is to find means of control that secure cost efficiency regarding the accommodation for the employees on missions abroad of the Swedish Ministry for Foreign Affairs. Today the ministry?s cost for the employees? rented housing is 100 million SEK and there is a need of improvement in the control of these costs. A work method for organizational development will be used in order to reach the findings presented in the thesis. First we study the strengths and weaknesses in today?s control system.

According to the European Union waste hierarchy, waste should first of all be minimized. Reuse and material and energy recycling come next. Lastly the waste should be thrown at the refuse tip. In the inner city of Stockholm waste handling can be done in various types of ways. The solutions vary as a result of the type of architecture of the building and its condition.

The structure and performance of grocery distribution in Sweden has changed profoundly since the second world war. Increasing access and usage of the private car, in combination with an accommodating town planning has enhanced the exploitation of scale economies within distribution firms. There is, however, some ambiguity concerning the overall efficiency of the distribution system when the costs associated with travelling and purchasing performed by households are treated as an integrated part of the total distribution cost function. The purpose of this master thesis is to develop the foundation of a spatial optimisation model, which defines the most efficient distribution system. The underlying idea is that the optimal localisation and size of grocery stores is a function of economies of scale within the firms weighed against distributions costs within the households, such as transportation costs.

This report describes a new foundation method and compares it with a traditional founding of concrete. This new method is called the Koljern technique and uses cellular glass which is called Foamglas. The Foamglas is compounded to founding elements by lightweight steel beams. Foamglas is an insulation material with high compressive strength, and is rot, insect, vermin and acid proof. The cellular glass is also fire proof and watertight, which makes it a very good construction material.The report contains a study of a number of cases for which the Koljern technique is compared with a foundation of concrete.

Today?s wind power plants are only compensated for their reactive power consumption at no-load. As the wind power plants grow bigger the amount of reactive power they need also increases. This is no longer a problem that can be ignored, especially as the net owners are beginning to charge the reactive power they transport.In this thesis a couple of different methods of compensation and their prices will be discussed and evaluated. Problems, such as self-excitation, that can occur if one fully compensates the wind power plant will also be brought to surface.

Today?s wind power plants are only compensated for their reactive power consumption at no-load. As the wind power plants grow bigger the amount of reactive power they need also increases. This is no longer a problem that can be ignored, especially as the net owners are beginning to charge the reactive power they transport.In this thesis a couple of different methods of compensation and their prices will be discussed and evaluated. Problems, such as self-excitation, that can occur if one fully compensates the wind power plant will also be brought to surface.

The background of this study is the fact that it nowadays is more common to grow wheat after wheat. Usually we plow every autumn to remove the straw, and we wanted to study the effect of alternative methods to do it. We have done this experiment to answer the question if no tillage is better than conventional plowing. The results of the field experiment indicate that there is a link between plant establishment and the choice of equipment, but also a higher weed pressure in experimental plots with only ground tillage. The equipments which left much straw on the top of the ground the problems with fungi were more severe.

Msc in Logistics and Transport Management.

The market is developing and a growing competition increases pressure on companies to maintain their competitive advantage. Working with cost savings is a way to enhance earnings in a short term but also in a longer perspective. Volvo Powertrain Production Köping has an overall goal; to reduce costs by nine percentages in three years. To achieve the goal, Volvo Powertrain Production Köping works with World Class Manufacturing where the Department of Processing Technology constitutes an important part.Volvo Powertrain Production Köping lacks a standard for how savings within the metal cutting tool area are to be calculated. This makes it difficult to control and monitor their business outcome but it also causes difficulties in controlling the tool suppliers? outcome.

Syftet med studien är att beskriva hur svenska multinationella företag tillämpar cost plus metoden vid interna transaktioner över landsgränser. Vidare har följande forsningsfrågor formuleras: Hur tillämpar företag cost plus metoden? Vilka faktorer påverkar internprissättningsprocessen? Fallstudien är genomförd på Älvsbyhus som är en av nordens största tillverkare av prefabricerade sektionshus av trä med affärsidén att sälja och tillverka färdigmonterade, källarlösa trähus i 1 eller 1,5 plan till marknadens lägsta pris. Den utbredda handeln mellan företag i olika länder har resulterat i ett ökat antal multinationella koncerner bildats, därmed har ett behov av internpissättning för värdering av interna transaktionerna uppstått. Huvudtanken med internprissättningen är att internpriset ska avspegla marknadspriset för varan eller tjänsten, vilket ofta inte är möjligt då ett marknadspris inte existerar.

Due to the well-developed rhetoric and the relative easiness to estimate costs, cost considerations are usually more in-depth than revenue considerations when discussing strategies impact on profitability. To avoid dysfunctional companies and poorly judged strategy decisions it is necessary to develop the rhetoric of revenue considerations.By collecting data from 230 respondents in a quantitative study of two grocery stores in Mora, the study aimed to assess the relationship between choice of generic strategy and self-reported buying behavior, considering differing decision-making processes of customers.The results of the study indicate that a differentiation strategy performs better than a low-cost strategy in terms of buyer frequency, number of goods and cost of purchase. However, due to a poor data collection method, the results are weak, and should therefore be questioned. The study indicates that reliability considerations for behavioral measures should be treated in the same respect as psychological measures, and therefore illuminates the need for new methods and measures to be developed..

Examensarbetet har genomförts i samarbete med konsultföretaget i3tex AB i Göteborg samt med Aircontainer Package System Sweden AB (APS) i Stockholm. APS utvecklar och säljer standardiserade och kundanpassade förpackningslösningar för att transportera temperaturkänsliga produkter. Ett av APS önskemål är att i framtiden kunna erbjuda fler alternativ av kylväskor. Ett av dem är en kylväska som skulle kunna användas vid transport av vacciner i svåra miljöer eftersom det idag inte finns med i deras utbud. Examensarbetet fokuseras därför på att ta APS befintliga blodväska som referens och att ta fram ett nytt koncept för transport av vacciner, samt utveckla ergonomiska egenskaper för att underlätta och optimera användningen för de som jobbar i fält på organisationer som t.ex.

The main purpose with the project has been to approximate the magnitude of the pollution transport from the actual road surfaces and to get an approximation of the possibility to collect the pollutants to reduce the load to the water and improve the water quality.The quantity of pollution transport from the most trafficated roads areas in Örebro city has been calculated. Roads whith a traffic exceeding 10 000 vehicle/day. The study has been done with the calculation tool StormTac. Through analysis of traffic loads and road surface, which together with a different kinds of parameters gives an approximation of the pollutant transport.The calculation has included some metals and other substances in the stormwater and has also included the present of suspended solids. Included the overall study, some smaller areas has also been calculated for the possibility to remove pollutants.The work also includes calculation for three different areas for stormwater treatment.

Today?s wind power plants are only compensated for their reactive power consumption at no-load. As the wind power plants grow bigger the amount of reactive power they need also increases. This is no longer a problem that can be ignored, especially as the net owners are beginning to charge the reactive power they transport.In this thesis a couple of different methods of compensation and their prices will be discussed and evaluated. Problems, such as self-excitation, that can occur if one fully compensates the wind power plant will also be brought to surface.

Landstinget i Östergötland upphandlar sedan 2001 samtliga godstransporter från externa leverantörer. Detta examensarbete har som syfte att inför en kommande transportupphandling 2006 utreda behovet av godstransporter och hur kostnaderna för dessa transporter ska fördelas inom Landstinget i Östergötland. Målet var att förenkla existerande avtal och ta fram en lösning på hur förändringar av transportnätet ska kunna hanteras med minimal administrativ arbetsinsats. Lösningen skulle också innebära att landstingets kostnader kunde hållas låga.Studien har visat att det genom att standardisera transporttider går att förenkla transportavtalen avsevärt. Transportören erbjuds också större frihet att anpassa landstingets körningar till övriga uppdrag, vilket möjliggör lägre priser.