Vectors based on lentivirus backbones have revolutionized our ability to transfer genesinto many cell types. Lentiviral vectors integrate into the chromatin of target cells and do not transfer any viral genes causing vector replication. Both of these features arecommonly used in gene therapy and have been used clinically in individuals sufferingfrom cancer, infections and genetic diseases. It has been discovered that T-cells can be genetically modified to be used as effective weapons against cancer: therefore virus mustbe produced to deliver the gene of interest into the T-cells. In this project, lentiviralvectors have been produced to transfer the gene coding for a chimeric antigen receptor(CAR) which is directed to CD19 on B-cells.

The purpose of this study is to investigate in what extension students experience that computer and videogames affect them. I have chosen to focus on the physical, mental and social affect that this activity might bring them. I have also examined how much time the students spends in front of the computer or the videogame and in which social context they play.The method I have chosen to use is a quantitative opinion poll which I used in three classes of the later junior high and I have also conducted five qualitative interviews.The conclusions I have drawn from this investigation are that computer and videogames affects teenagers both physically and mentally. Physically the affects of playing videogames mostly can be derived to the physical inactivity they expose themselves to. The students themselves did not experienced any positive physical affects from their playing.Amongst the mental affects that stood out the most I recognized the social training that online gaming provided and also the intellectual stimulation that certain games offered the player.

Barn med Down syndrom (DS) har problem med hypotonus och hyposensitivitet som begränsar rörligheten i ansiktets och munnens muskulatur, vilket därmed försvårar tal och sväljning. Målet med en intra- och extraoralsensorisk behandling är att öka medvetenheten och kontrollen av munnens muskulatur, dess rörelser, spänning och känsel.  Syfte med föreliggande studie var att undersöka effekten av en intra- och extraoralsensorisk intensivbehandling med eltandborste hos en grupp barn med DS och hypotonus. Effekten valdes att studeras utifrån områdena orofacial funktion, läppslutning, talproduktion och oralsensorik. Nio barn i åldrarna 6 till 12 år genomgick behandlingen med fyra behandlingstillfällen i veckan under fyra veckor.

Stockholms- och Uppsalaregionen tar sitt dricksvatten från Mälaren och dess tillflöden. Med ett varmare och fuktigare klimat, vilket är ett scenario i framtiden, kommer troligen kolhalten i vattnet att öka vilket kan leda till att nuvarande reningstekniker måste utvecklas. Organiskt material i dricksvatten kan orsaka en rad problem så som desinfektionsbiprodukter, biologisk tillväxt i distributionssystemen samt även dålig lukt, smak och färg. En lovande metod för rening av organiskt material har visat sig vara anjonbytaren MIEX® (Magnetic Ion Exchange resin process).Syftet med detta projekt var att utvärdera MIEX® förmåga att rena vatten från löst organiskt material (DOC), då anjoner (Cl-, HCO3- och SO42-) som kan konkurrera finns närvarande. Detta gjordes genom experiment med vatten som innehöll olika kombinationer och koncentrationer av de fyra ovan nämnda jonerna.

AbstractBackground: Inflammatory bowel disease involves major changes where psychological and physical stress becomes a part of ones daily life. The ability to adapt and cope well with the situation, increases the chances of feeling satisfied with life. There are various management strategies that people with IBD use to cope with their daily life.Aim: The aim of this study is to describe strategies that people with inflammatory bowel disease use to manage their daily lives. A further purpose is to describe the study group in the included articles.Method: A descriptive literature review. This study is based on 12 scientific articles, searched in the databases Cinahl and Pubmed.

abstractBackground: Dementia affected patients have increasing problems with memory , impaired language ability, which affects communication and behaviour is considerable. These difficulties may provide an outlet for aggression, agitation and anxiety, and are common in dementia, which is exhausting for patients and their relatives and carers. Behavioural changes are common condition in patients with dementia and affects quality of life and cause unnecessary suffering . Pharmacological treatment that is inserted to relieve these symptoms have many side effects. Printed out more knowledge about non- pharmacological nursing interventions that can facilitate care for patients , relatives and carers are great.Aim: To describe non- pharmacological nursing interventions in dementia care .Method: A general literature review of thirteen scientific papers compiled and described in a result.Results: Compilation resulted in two themes,  Music in dementia care and Stimulation in dementia care and four subthemes, Singing in the care, Listening to music, Activities and Consolation and fillip that showed a dominant positive effect on dementia affected patients and carers and there by create opportunities for caring in dementia care .Conclusion: The different nursing interventions may be useful in dementia care when they show a dominant positive effect on various behavioural changes, it seems memory stimulant and promotes communication between patients and carers which favours caring .Keywords: Agitated behaviour, dementia, non- pharmacological, literature review, nursing. .

Artikelserien "Hudhunger" som Dagens Nyheter publicerat under våren 2004 har varit en inspiration för oss när vi har skrivit vår uppsats. Serien har belyst begreppet beröring och dess betydelse för oss människor. I litteraturgenomgången presenterar vi först begreppet beröring kopplat till barnkonventionen och förskolans läroplan, varför beröring är så viktigt för oss leveande varelser genom hela livet. Vi tar även upp vad beröringsbrist kan leda till och dess effekter. Vidare presenterar vi hur beröringskänslighet, eller taktilt försvar kan yttra sig och hur man kan arbeta med dessa barn som har dessa svårigheter.

The project has been performed in a close collaboration with Hörsam who works in the field of hearing technology. In a first meeting with the company, the Project group was showed a few existing storage boxes for hearing aids. The company thought they were unnecessarily large with plenty of unused space and wanted a new, smarter solution to be developed.The project began with user studies in which audiologists, maintenance technicians, future users and others were interviewed. The purpose was to obtain their views on today's storage boxes and to find out how well the users maintained their hearing aids. It proved to be a large lack of knowledge regarding the management of hearing aids within the users.

This essay tells about the meaning of eurhythmics for children?s development and why it is so difficult to draw attention to the value of eurhythmics compared to other activities in preschool. The essay builds upon a story that shows what consequences may follow when the meaning of the eurhythmics in the process of learning is not acknowledged. By looking at the relation between rhythm and human beings in a global perspective, I have examined the meaning of rhythm for the human well-being. The question I have researched is; why does eurhythmics appeal to almost every child in spite of being rejected by so many teachers? By researching the reasons behind these completely different points of views, I have tried to enhance the understanding for the different perspectives.

This thesis is focused on what impact stall confinement has on a horse?s mental and physical welfare. It was of great interest to get a gathered picture of how Swedish horseowners had experienced having their horses in stall confinement. A survey study was conducted to achieve this. The survey included twelve questions which for example investigated the horses? age at the time of stall confinement, the length of stall confinement and their sexes.

In studies of serum, in the early 1930s, from patients with pneumonia, a factor was found. It could agglutinate certain pneumococcal species. This factor, which later became known as C-reactive protein (CRP), increased sharply during the early and middle stages of the disease. CRP was identified as an acute phase protein and found especially in bacterial infections. CRP is synthesized in the liver by stimulation of interleukin 6 (IL-6), which is produced by the monocytes, and consists of five non-covalently bound subunits.The aim of this study was to compare two different analytical instruments (Vitros 5.1 FS Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics and QuikRead CRP Orion Diagnostica) for CRP analysis.

Stroke är en av våra stora folksjukdomar. Cirka 30 000 personer insjuknar årligen i Sverige. Många av dessa personer får även droppfot. Peroneusstimulering började användas för första gången 1961. Tekniken är nu generellt känd som Funktionell Elektrisk Stimulering (FES).

The purpose of this study was to investigate into the praxis based sociocultural tools that are utilized to enhance language development in early childhood education. Four pre-school teachers were involved in this study. Two were recruited from an independent pre-school "Maria Montessori", practicing the pedagogical philosophy developed by Maria Montessori. Two were from a public pre-school herein named "Kvasten", which has no official philosophy but where the teachers (like in many Swedish pre-schools) work in a general alignment with the principles of Reggio Emilia pedagogics. The theoretical fundament of the study lies in the general theories of language development and education of Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotskij, and the comparative element mainly concerns the variations in pedagogical praxis between the two pre-schools, and the way the teachers reason about language development.

Problemställning: Hur motiverar företag med lågkvalificerad arbetsstyrka sina anställda och hur moderniserade är de i sin användning av motivationsteorier? Syfte: Vår ambition med denna uppsats är att besvara vår frågeställning med hjälp av empirin från våra studieföretag och den teori vi anser är relevant i förhållandet till ämnet. Vi har valt att avgränsa oss till två studieföretag med okvalificerad arbetsstyrka. Vi presenterar hur anställningsprocessen kan ha inverkan på personalen och olika sätt att hantera prestationen i företaget. Vi beskriver olika motivationsteorier från 1800-talet till mer moderna teorier och vilka olika betydelse de har för motivation och prestation.

Purpose: The purpose of this essay is to describe the social media usage of five European official national tourism organizations (NTO). The essay proceeds to discuss and evaluate the findings, whilst reflecting on the advantages of social media usage from the point of view of an official national tourism organization.Method: The authors used three different methods of research: one structured observation to study the national tourism organizations? everyday work in social media, one field stimulation to study if and how different NTO respond if a prospective visitor makes them a direct question via social media and finally an email interview to gain insight into NTO?s underlying strategies and policies about social media usage.Theoretical framework: The theories that have been used in this paper include the Uses and gratifications model, theories of one-way and multi-way communication, theories of social media and relationship marketing.Conclusion: By making use of social media the company releases some of its control to the customers as the latter can express their opinions freely in this type of media. One of the advantages of social media is that the platform favors dialogue and feedback. Social media can be used for traditional one-way communication, but works best as a supplement to the regular marketing activities, allowing the activities on social media platforms to focus on branding and building long-term customer relationships.