Assessing the emotional state in animals is important in order to establish the quality of their welfare, therefore it is important to investigate under what circumstances animals experience these emotions and to find indicators of their existence. The aim of this thesis was to detect possible behavioural indicators for positive emotions in dogs. These behavioural indicators could be helpful to increase both dogs? and humans? overall well-being in today?s society since they could help e.g. dog owners and caretakers to interpret behaviours displayed by dogs and their intentions so they can respond accordingly.The subjects used were 9 research beagles and each dog participated in three different treatments, assumed to be experienced as positive situations, where communicative interaction was initiated with the dog by engaging in 1) physical contact (P), 2) verbal contact (V) or 3) both physical and verbal contact simultaneously (PV).

Syfte och frågeställningar Syftet med uppsatsen är att belysa barns föreställningar om alkohol och dess påverkan. Frågeställningar: Vilka tankar har barn om alkohol? Finns det några genomgående teman och trender i barnens föreställningar om alkohol? Hur beskriver barn alkohol och människors beteende i samband med alkohol? Metod Denna studie har utförts med kvalitativa intervjuer som metod. Femton barn i årskurs två, samtliga åtta år, har intervjuats efter godkännande från målsman, klassföreståndare och rektor. Urvalet var inriktat på åttaåringar i en klass och gjordes i samarbete med klassföreståndaren samt efter vilka som fick godkännande av målsman. Förutom ålder fanns inga andra kriterier. Intervjuerna var semistrukturerade men de utgick dock från samma frågemall.

Logistics planning for a construction site is usually limited by traffic flow to and from the workplace. The geographical location of the construction site is determined by roads around the workplace and opportunities for well-functioning logistics. Inventory of material is often impossible because of the frequently small workspaces. As a result, a concern relating material handling remains . Even before the establishment of a construction site, it is required in the construction industry to eliminate errors that might arise in the planning stage.

The Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaorientalis), is a small freshwater cetacean which has recently fallen dramatically in number. It is an endemic species for the Yangtze River and unless drastic action is taken, it risks the same fate as the now functionally extinct Yangtze river dolphin (Lipotes vexillifer). Threats to the porpoise are diverse but they have in common that they are caused by man. Development of the river has been made to supply a growing human population with food, hydropower, and to reduce the risk of flooding. These changes have resulted in a degraded habitat for the porpoise.

The inequality and separation of sexes seen in organizations may lead to inefficient use of human resources. Therefor, a more equal organization could lead to higher productivity and efficiency. Inequality within organizations is a problem also for the society as a whole since who is chosen for a position is not depended upon merits, leading to inefficiency. To not reflect upon traditional division of labor and decision-making could also lead to an undemocratic and unjust society. The aim of this thesis is to explore women and men?s engagement a family business in an agricultural setting. Gender theorists argue that gender arises from the social situation in society.

This essay examines how public planners and the inhabitants of södra Gårda relate to the physical planning of the area and to the demolition versus the preservation of the quarters Eken and Cedern, and how the dialogue between planners and citizens appears to be. How do the planners and policymakers relate to citizen participation in urban planning, and how is participatory planning carried out in the legislation, rhetorically and in practice. Former research indicates a distinct gap between rhetorics, legislation and actions in practice regarding citizen participation in planning, which is why we find it an interesting topic for further research. The essay aims to highlight the different actors interests and visions of the development of the area. Which are the standpoints and arguments the different actors set out for the future visions of the area? The essay focuses on citizen participation in urban planning in the city of Gothenburg.

Följande uppsats studerar föräldraaktiv inskolning som forskningsobjekt, en relativt nyutvecklad modell för inskolning som fått fotfäste bland flera av landets kommuner och förskolor. Modellen innebär kortfattat att barnet i gemenskap med sin förälder deltar i samtliga rutiner på förskolan under tre heldagar. Förälderns uppgift är att introducera den nya verksamheten för sitt barn, pedagogen antar därmed en mer passiv roll i inskolningen. Den fjärde dagen sker den första separationen mellan barn och förälder som innebär ett kort och tydligt avsked, därefter anses inskolningen avslutad.Forskning angående modellen är bristfällig, i media hörs dock både positiva och negativa röster. Pedagoger som praktiserat föräldraaktiv inskolning talar gott om modellen och visar på flera fördelar medan kritik mot modellen riktas utifrån ett anknytningsteoretiskt perspektiv.

Forest streams and the associated riparian zones are sensitive to disturbances and changes that occur within these riparian areas. Particularly sensitive are small streams of low order, which will have large impacts down-stream. The disturbances that occur in the riparian zones are reflected quickly in the stream. Driving with forestry machines in the riparian zone will have detrimental effects to the soil and water. Driving the machines will lead to changes in the mineral soil composition, resulting in the reduction of porosity, less infiltration, compaction, and an increased bulk density.

The project concerns a predevelopment work for Scania AB, a leading manufacturer of heavytrucks, and was performed as a master thesis work for the program Design and ProductDevelopment at KTH. The purpose of this work was to examine how the work situation of truckdrivers, especially long-haulage drivers, can be improved with respect to prolonged sedentaryoccupation. Mental fatigue and under-stimulation due to low cognitive load during long drivescan be major risk factors for traffic accidents. Physical strain injuries to both the skeleton andmuscles are common for this working group and minimal opportunity for daily exercise alsoincreases the risk of developing blood clots in the legs, which can have serious consequences forthe driver's health.An extensive background study, both theoretical and exploratory, was performed to identify thedrivers' concerns and comfort needs. Various treatments such as massage and active sitting wereinvestigated and existing products within the area studied.

The different material layers as part of a road construction fill all a function so theroad becomes durable, safe, comfortable and aesthetically pleasing. Recently, anew group of construction materials started to play an important role in roadconstruction ? geosynthetics.This thesis addresses the two most common types ofgeosynthetics used in modern road construction, namely geogrids and geotextiles.The most common use of geogrids is reinforcement of poor subgrade by usinggeogrid soil reinforcement, which occurs when road material particles wedge inthe geogrid?s mesh. Geotextiles act partly as a barrier that prevents the finermaterial in the below ground from being mixed with coarser upper material andalso act as a load spreader.Road contractors often face a choice of whether geogrids and/or geotextiles areappropriate in a particular road project and also how much profit the choice mightbring. This phase in the tender calculation process is the intended scope of thisthesis.The thesis deals with both the "hard" cost-function aspects and the "softer" values e.g.

This master thesis sets out to compare the different public transport modes in Stockholm city.Both energy consumption and air pollution are compared. The chosen transport methods are car,bus and metro.Traditionally the rail industry has had environmental arguments as a strong competitiveadvantage when it comes to passenger transportation. However, in recent years the automotiveindustry has been getting more positive media attention regarding environmental issues, forexample Roger Kemp?s statement that the car is the most environmental friendly passengertransportation mode in the UK. This study will show the environmental advantages of railwaytraffic in cities.The energy sources of the world are not endless and the use of the different sources affects theenvironment in different ways.

This is a feasibility study that examines various aspects of building a wind farm on Malmön in Norrköping. The feasibility study deals with interests of conflict, park design, electrical connections, production calculation, financial calculations and operating- and timetable.The report is divided into two distinct parts. First a theoretical part, which deals with conflicting interests, park design and electrical connections. Second a part with simulations dealing with production calculations, and financial calculations.Opposing interests are mapped so that problem areas can be found, and help put focus on the right places at a future environmental impact assessment (EIA). There are a number of areas where planners have to assess on an EIA, this thesis point on the most important areas.

Studiens mål var att undersöka vilka fågelarter som hittas i Dalafjällen, i vilken miljö man hittar dem samt ifall det fanns en separation mellan arter i val av häckningsplats. Undersökningsytan kom att bli Drevfjällens naturreservat och koncentrerade sig kring högsta fjälltoppen Härjehågna. Sedan flera år tillbaka har detta område inventerats av Länsstyrelsen i Dalarna som en del i deras miljöövervakningsarbete. Data ifrån 2011-2013 års inventeringar användes till denna rapport. Fältstudierna bestod av två rutter där två inventeringsmetoder kombinerades: punkttaxering och linjetaxering.

The visions of the United Nations concerning sustainable development and conservation of biodiversity can only be realized if the human population succeeds in creating coexistence between human and wildlife. Landscape architects are able to influence on how landscapes are to be maintained and developed. The negative impact of infrastructure on wildlife has become a critical problem in Sweden and other parts of Europe. Wildlife crossings has been developed as a solution for the problems of road barriers in the landscape. The crossings are made to give animals a better opportunity to cross roads.

SAMMANFATTNING Elever som går Estetiskt program med inriktning animation, har flyttat till Eksjö från hela landet eftersom det är riksintag. Hur går det då för dessa elever som ger sig iväg hemifrån redan vid 15-16 års ålder? En del flyttar långt, och har bara möjlighet att åka hem under de längre loven. Andra behöver inte flytta lika långt och kan utan problem åka hem varje helg. Under min praktik på Eksjö gymnasium såg jag att flera av dessa elever har problem med sin situation. Kan det vara deras separation från hemmet och den stora omställning detta kan föra med sig, som var orsaken till problemen? Finns problemen i större utsträckning hos de elever som flyttat ?långt? jämfört med dem som flyttat ?kort?? Kanske finns det andra orsaker till problemen. Det kanske kan vara så att en del elever ser en chans att komma hemifrån genom att söka ett program med riksintag, vilket kan betyda att man inte har det genuina intresset för detta program.