Microwave is a time- efficient device for heating and reheating of foods. Despite the fact that its effects on foods have been evaluated during a long period of time, without any more negative effects shown compared to conventional cooking, one third of the Swedish population believes (in 2010) it accounts for a higher loss of nutrition. This literature review aim to compile studies regarding how food is affected by cooking in microwave, with respect to cooking losses, nutrition, secondary metabolites as well as sensory and textural aspects and compare it with conventional cooking. The compilation shows that different combination of effect (W), time and amount of water during microwave cooking have different effects on foods. The contents of proteins, vitamin B and carbohydrates are generally higher after microwave cooking, while anti-nutritional substances are affected much less during conventional cooking. This also depends on if it is of animal or non-animal origin. However, for the majority of nutrition values the differences are quite small.

Microwave is a time- efficient device for heating and reheating of foods. Despite the fact that its effects on foods have been evaluated during a long period of time, without any more negative effects shown compared to conventional cooking, one third of the Swedish population believes (in 2010) it accounts for a higher loss of nutrition. This literature review aim to compile studies regarding how food is affected by cooking in microwave, with respect to cooking losses, nutrition, secondary metabolites as well as sensory and textural aspects and compare it with conventional cooking. The compilation shows that different combination of effect (W), time and amount of water during microwave cooking have different effects on foods. The contents of proteins, vitamin B and carbohydrates are generally higher after microwave cooking, while anti-nutritional substances are affected much less during conventional cooking. This also depends on if it is of animal or non-animal origin. However, for the majority of nutrition values the differences are quite small.

In the history of scientific visualization techniques there is a lack of social science practices and methodologies. The advent of modern computer graphics brought the use of visualizations into a whole new era, but even though the tools by which such modern visualizations are created become easier to access and use, the lack of social science researchers harvesting the benefits of such tools still remain. This ease of use, increase in power and accessibility plus the ever growing need within the natural sciences to augment the human senses has further complicated the relationship between scientific methodologies, validity, reliability and the use of visualization techniques. This relationship must be explored, demystified and understood in order to fully grasp the impact of visualization practices when incorporated into any given scientific method. Within the social sciences there is one example of a tradition that has since its conception carried within it a graphical notion and a visualization practice.

The purpose of this report is to survey Swedex AB?s production costs and to gather all info into a manageable calculation tool. This was made by time and motion studies, interviews of the personnel. All factors were gathered into an Excel chart.The calculation was made according to an additional-charge-method that was considered to satisfy Swedex AB?s goal.

Under senare år har ett flertal reformer gjorts för att öka pressen på kommunerna att sköta sin ekonomiska hantering. Budgetuppföljning har hamnat i fokus för att hålla nere avvikelsen mellan resultat och budget. Syftet i uppsatsen är att ge en ökad förståelse för vad det är som påverkar budgetavvikelserna i de svenska kommunerna. I uppatsen används statistiska analyser av dels eget insamlat datamaterial för att hitta samband och förklaringar till hur budgetavvikelserna skiljer sig utifrån a) partiblocktillhörigheten hos de styrande i kommunen, b) hur stark den politiska makten är hos de styrande i kommunen, c) storleken på kommunen. Undersökningens resultat visar främst att en större folkmängd i kommunen generellt leder till ökade problem att följa budgeten och därmed är det dessa kommuner vi ska akta oss för att lita på när det gäller budgeten..

In the dairy production it is necessary to be able to sort cows. Dairy cows are sorted for many different reasons i.e. regrouping into production strings or for treatments i.e. inseminations, pregnancy and health checks, vaccinations or hoof trimmings. One labour saving way of conducting sorting is by using an automatic sort gate.

Many corporations turn to IT-outsourcing to focus more on their core competence or to cut the IT-budget. There is one caveat, the costs presented at a first glance does not always present the entire truth. Instead the costs run deeper and so-called hidden costs exist beyond the contractual cost. Reducing these hidden costs may very well be crucial to the entire IT-outsourcing endeavor. However many firms are not aware of these costs and as such they have a reduced chance of success.

This master thesis was carried out at Scania in Södertälje, Sweden. It investigates the possibility of changing a connector interface that is used when there is a need for splicing the wheel speed sensor and thereby determine the consequences.The problems that exist with the current connector interface occur during assembly, as more time is required to complete a connection in a reliable manner. A complete connection requires joining the male and female connector, insert the connection into a protective retainer and then strap a cable tie on each end of the retainer. This process makes it more time consuming and it requires 20-30 seconds to complete the connection. Solving this problem would save time and enable easier assembly, therefore resulting in economical benefits.This thesis was accomplished through discussions with different sections at Scania, studying available documentations, observations during assembly, writing a requirement specification and contacting suppliers.The aforementioned methods resulted in four connector suggestions, the DT and DTMH connector from Deutsch, MCON connector from TE connectivity and MLK connector from Kostal, each of them compliant with the set demands of the surrounding environment.

In support to a decision to be made by the Swedish central competent authority on a minimal amount of straw for conventional growing-finishing pigs, a study using 168 pigs provided 7 different amounts of straw (20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 200 or 300 grams/pig/day) was performed. The straw was provided either once or four times per day. Detailed behaviour observations were made using focal animal sampling and continuous recording for one hour between 9 and 10 am and again between 3 and 4 pm. The data analysis is presented in three ways: broken stick model, polynomial trend line and logarithmic trend line. No method was suitable on its own but the use of all the methods simultaneously was found to portray the data in the best way.No significant differences were found when comparing pens provided with straw once or four times per day.

Real-time systems are required to answer to external stimuli within a specified time-period. For this to be possible, the systems behaviour must be predictable. The use of active databases in real-time systems introduces unpredictability in the system, e.g. due to their use of active rules. The behaviour in active databases is usually specified in ECA-rules.

Syftet med denna fallstudie har varit att undersöka hur ledarskapet hos rektorer inom en utvald gymnasieskola påverkat visionsarbetet och möjligheten att skapa en lärande organisation. För att undersöka detta har tre forskningsfrågor ställts: Vilket ledarskap har rektorerna använt? Har rektorerna arbetat med en tydlig vision? Kan man utifrån rektorernas svar prata om en lärande organisation?Fallstudien har använt sig av intervjuer för att få svar på de tre forskningsfrågorna. Frågorna har ställts till sex rektorer som vid olika tillfällen under perioden 2003-2014 arbetat på den undersökta friskolan. Undersökningen har genomförts med en kvalitativ metod och en blandning av ett induktivt och deduktivt angreppssätt, det som kallas för abduktion.Resultatet har visat brister i det visionära ledarskapet hos rektorerna.

Under produktionstiden på en byggarbetsplats spelar uppföljningen av nedlagd tid under projektets gång en viktig roll. Dels för att kunna jämföra nedlagd tid mot tid enligt budget/kalkyl men även för att kunna reglera ÄTA-arbeten genom att kunna tidsätta dem.Inom ramarna för detta examensarbete skall ett hjälpmedel för denna typ av uppföljning tas fram. Hjälpmedlet skall byggas upp med hjälp av Excel och skall struktureras upp genom referenser, formler samt villkorsstyrd formatering. Denna Excel-fil skall kunna användas i olika typer av projekt och skall efter rådande projektstruktur anpassas därefter.Delarna som hjälpmedlet skall kunna fungera som stöd till vid tidsättning av ÄTA-arbeternas omfattning, vid löneadministration samt totalt nedlagda tider på olika arbetsmetoder/material.

AbstractThe concept project is today used in several contexts and has different meaning in different contexts. Lately, projects have been seen as a form of organization and more companies convert from traditional organizing to organizing in a project form. The purpose and focus of today?s project is not only to increase quality and competence development for management but also to integrate different actors in order to e.g. increase customer value.LänsTeknikCentrum AB (LTC) in Jönköping is running different projects in order to support companies in Jönköping County.

Real-time systems are required to answer to external stimuli within a specified time-period. For this to be possible, the systems behaviour must be predictable. The use of active databases in real-time systems introduces unpredictability in the system, e.g. due to their use of active rules. The behaviour in active databases is usually specified in ECA-rules.

Problem: What are the characteristics of Polykemi?s management control system and how is it affected by growth? Purpose: To describe and analyse the management control system of a medium-sized family-owned company from the perspective of Simons? Levers of control. Research design: An abductive, interview-based case study of Polykemi AB. Conclusion: Polykemi?s management control system is primarily a traditional one which is rather strong in terms of Levers of control.