AbstractThis essay has as its purpose to discuss the current legal regulation of the concept of humanitarian intervention. The inconsistencies in the debate over the legal status of this concept, and the legal uncertainty it brings to the acts of states and the lives of their nationals is a motivating factor for the writing of this essay. However, it has been clear from the outset that the concept of humanitarian intervention is intricately connected to political and moral ideas and values. Thus, the attitude taken towards this doctrine will be highly dependent on the perspectives of the state, government or single author representing it.Following this starting point, the aim of this essay is not to present a single answer as to whether humanitarian intervention is, or is not, legal, but to research, compare and analyze the different arguments put forward in this subject in international law today. Hopefully, this will provide the reader of this essay with some insight into the sources of international law of today and how the principles of state sovereignty, non-intervention, the prohibition of force and the protection of human rights relate to the concept of humanitarian intervention.A frank overview of the UN Charter does not support use of force except in the case of self-defence or without a Security Council mandate.

With the collapse of the Soviet Union and the 9/11 attacks, the landscape of the freedom of religion has changed. The issues now facing freedom of religion varies greatly from the issues that the drafters of the universal declaration of human rights faced after World War II.In the light of the new issues that States face in the intersection of religion and societal interest, scholars have criticized the European Court of Human Rights to give too much leeway to the States in determining how the human rights should be implemented, by using the doctrine of margin of appreciation. Critics of the margin of appreciation claim that it is based on culture relativism and that the doctrine undermines the universality of the human rights. In order to decide if the margin of appreciation has indeed led to a relativization of the human rights I compared it to the jurisprudence of the UN Human Rights Committee and its use of the Syracusa principles. My conclusion is that the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights cannot be considered to be based on culture relativism.

With the collapse of the Soviet Union and the 9/11 attacks, the landscape of the freedom of religion has changed. The issues now facing freedom of religion varies greatly from the issues that the drafters of the universal declaration of human rights faced after World War II.In the light of the new issues that States face in the intersection of religion and societal interest, scholars have criticized the European Court of Human Rights to give too much leeway to the States in determining how the human rights should be implemented, by using the doctrine of margin of appreciation. Critics of the margin of appreciation claim that it is based on culture relativism and that the doctrine undermines the universality of the human rights. In order to decide if the margin of appreciation has indeed led to a relativization of the human rights I compared it to the jurisprudence of the UN Human Rights Committee and its use of the Syracusa principles. My conclusion is that the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights cannot be considered to be based on culture relativism.

Cannibalism can have major influence on fish population dynamics. A prerequisite for cannibalism is that the cannibal and the potential victim meet, and besides density effects, the encounter rate between cannibals and their victims is therefore also largely dependent on habitat use and habitat heterogeneity. In this study I quantified and compared the potential for cannibalism in stream-dwelling European grayling populations in three rivers in Jämtland by means of habitat classifications. I also analyzed population dynamic consequences of varying the potential for cannibalism in terms of intensity, using a physiological structured population model. Findings based on habitat characteristics were that the potential for cannibalism is in general not favourable in these types of streams.

Syfte: Uppsatsens syfte är att belysa det förändringsarbete som är genomfört på Sahlgrenska Kirurgen. Fokus i studien ligger på informanternas upplevelse för möjligheten till delaktighet. Det är av intresse för studiens resultat att beskriva hur förändringen genomförts då det finns kopplingar mellan genomförandet och möjligheterna till delaktighet enligt teori.Tidigare forskning/Teori: Valda teorier behandlar delar av teori kring organisatorisk förändring. Forskningen visar det komplexa samspel som en levande organisation innebär. Vidare belyser forskare två olika organisationsutvecklingsstrategier, diagnostiska och dialogiska.

Rekursion inom SQL är ett relativt nytt begrepp som introducerades i standarden SQL:1999 eftersom man insåg att det fanns ett behov av att skriva mer kraftfulla frågor i SQL. De flesta som arbetar inom eller har kunskap om IT känner i stor utsträckning till SQL. Trots detta ansåg författarna av denna rapport att kunskapen inom området för rekursion var tämligen begränsad. I rapporten undersökts hur kraftfull rekursion inom SQL är genom att rekursionstyper först identifieras och sedan implementerats i SQL-satser vilka körts och prestanda mäts på körningarna. Detta gjordes med Postgresql, databasen vilken rapporten i stort fokuserar på.

The purpose of this thesis was to analyse, model and finally generate dynamic vehicular motions in a train. The objective with the analysis was to find important motions for a realistic train experience. The motions from the analysis were then weighted against possibilities for generation in a motion platform.A dynamic motion model was created to model the selected motions. The model was implemented in a simulation environment, more specifically MATLAB/Simulink. The simulation environment was used to simulate the model and to generate outputs to control a motion platform.

Enligt Standish Group är det endast cirka 35 % av alla systemutvecklingsprojekt som avslutas på ett lyckat sätt när det gäller tid, budget och resurser. Inom systemutveckling är fastprisprojekt, där systemets kostnad är förbestämd, allt mer populärt. Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM) är en modell för utveckling som fokuserar på fasta resurser och tid med funktionalitet som den flexibla variabeln. Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att se om man kan driva fastprisprojekt med en modell som DSDM på ett sätt som gör det till en bra lösning för både beställare och leverantör.Min slutsats är att det största problemet med DSDM är att få beställaren att godkänna den som projektmodell. Ett annat stort problem är att många projekt med DSDM blir stressiga eftersom tiden är fast.

Vertical hydropower units has a rotating mass of up to 1000 tons. For the generator and turbine to work well the rotating system is required to be centered in relation to the surrounding structure. This is achieved by means of radial bearings. The dynamic characteristics of these bearings have a strong impact on the overall rotational dynamics of the total system and thus influence the vibrations in the unit. At Vattenfall Research & Development in Älvkarleby ongoing research is taking place on how the bearing parameters should be represented in the rotor dynamic calculations.

This thesis treats the subject of a complete steady state and dynamic model of the VSC-HVDC covering both the AC and DC system-side of the converter. The topology of the model is recreated after the scheduled transmission line in the south of Sweden, called SydVa?stla?nken. The topology covers both a simple two terminal connection as well as a multi-terminal one. This model is to be implemented in the power system simulation program ARISTO.

Många barn har svårt att tillägna sig ett korrekt uttal och de kan uppvisa olika typer av uttalssvårigheter. Termen verbal dyspraxi används då uttalssvårigheterna är neurologiskt orsakade och den motoriska planeringen och/eller programmeringen av talets rörelsesekvenser är nedsatt. I tidigare forskning har behandlingsmetoden Dynamic Temporal and Tactile Cueing (DTTC) lett till förbättring av uttalet hos barn i 5-8 års ålder med verbal dyspraxi på stimuli (ord/meningar) som de har tränat på. Huvudsyftet i följande studie var att undersöka huruvida behandlingen har effekt på uttalet hos äldre barn med komplexa uttalssvårigheter inklusive verbal dyspraxi då behandlingen genomförs 20- 30 minuter, 3 dagar i veckan i 4 veckor. Åtta skolbarn (8-13 år) med nämnda svårigheter samt eventuell komorbiditet ingick i studien.

Today?s wind power plants are only compensated for their reactive power consumption at no-load. As the wind power plants grow bigger the amount of reactive power they need also increases. This is no longer a problem that can be ignored, especially as the net owners are beginning to charge the reactive power they transport.In this thesis a couple of different methods of compensation and their prices will be discussed and evaluated. Problems, such as self-excitation, that can occur if one fully compensates the wind power plant will also be brought to surface.

Today?s wind power plants are only compensated for their reactive power consumption at no-load. As the wind power plants grow bigger the amount of reactive power they need also increases. This is no longer a problem that can be ignored, especially as the net owners are beginning to charge the reactive power they transport.In this thesis a couple of different methods of compensation and their prices will be discussed and evaluated. Problems, such as self-excitation, that can occur if one fully compensates the wind power plant will also be brought to surface.

Problems: How is the purpose of the swedish limited liability company to increase the wealth of its shareholders given in swedish corporate law? Based on which legal and economical grounds has this regulation been made? Which problems may occur when the purpose of the company is to maximize the wealth of its shareholders? Which strategies can be used to prevent the problems that may occur? Should the purpose of the company be to maximize the wealth of its shareholders? Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate whether a limited liability company primarily shall aim at maximizing the wealth of its shareholders or not. Delimitations: This thesis only attend swedish limited liability companies. It also only treat swedish corporate law de lege lata. The thesis focus on larger commercial companies which shares are widely spread.

Today?s wind power plants are only compensated for their reactive power consumption at no-load. As the wind power plants grow bigger the amount of reactive power they need also increases. This is no longer a problem that can be ignored, especially as the net owners are beginning to charge the reactive power they transport.In this thesis a couple of different methods of compensation and their prices will be discussed and evaluated. Problems, such as self-excitation, that can occur if one fully compensates the wind power plant will also be brought to surface.