The purpose of my study is to highlight how children at preschool are affected by adult?s awareness of norms and interpretations of masculinity and femininity. The essay shows examples of boys? and girls´ expectations of each other and the preconceived notions of what boys and girls should or can do, and how we pedagogues relate to this matter. One example is about an encounter with a mother, where we have different opinions about her son´s wishes to be Lucia instead of Santa Claus.

AbstractEffective January 1, 2005 publicly listed companies were obliged to adopt a new financialreporting standard (IFRS/IAS). The objective of IFRS/IAS was to increase transparency andcomparability in financial reports between companies. The authors have chosen to write aboutIAS 40 where the accounting treatment for investment property and related disclosurerequirements are regulated.The purpose of this thesis is to investigate potential effects of valuation of investmentproperty at fair market value for real estate companies at times when market price decreasesand to investigate what an acceptable difference for the valuation could be.To fulfil this purpose the authors have chosen a qualitative method interviewing accountants,property analysts and a credit analyst to obtain a deeper understanding of the problem. Basedata for the thesis have been collected during meetings, telephone interviews and e-mails.Additional data was collected from public available sources such as the internet, relevantprofessional magazines and professional newsletters. The authors have designed a modelshowing how Income and Balance Sheet statements are influenced by changed valuation ofinvestment property.

För att utvecklingsarbete ska fungera bra på ett företag är det viktigt att företaget kan fångaupp och exploatera de idéer som finns hos medarbetarna, något som industriföretag ofta ärväl förtrogna med, men som en del tjänsteföretag idag inte har grepp om. Syftet med dennastudie är därmed att visa på de delar av arbete med forskning och utveckling inom industrinsom kan hjälpa tjänsteföretag förbättra möjligheterna att ta tillvara på sina medarbetaresinnovationskraft.Fallstudien är gjord på ett maltabaserat spelföretag, GameCo, och är ett exempel på hur detkan se ut i ett tjänsteföretag som förvisso arbetar med utveckling av idéer, men där detfortfarande finns en del hinder att överkomma, både medarbetarnas inställning och i hurorganisationen tar hand om medarbetarnas idéer. Det visade sig att innovation inte var särskiltprioriterat på företaget, att det rådde delade meningar om processer för utveckling och attkommunikationen inte alltid fungerade.De delarna av industrins forskning och utveckling som kan användas behandlar både självautvecklingsprocessen, dess utformning och vilka delar som anses speciellt viktiga i dettasammanhang, och hur arbetet med innovation och en utvecklingsprocess kan bedrivas, R&Dmanagement.Båda delarna har valts därför att de svarar mot en efterfrågan att förbättrainnovationsarbetet genom mer formella vägar, men där det också krävs kunskap om hurutvecklingen ska ledas och organiseras för att en formell process ska vara meningsfull.Slutsatserna av detta blir att tillvaratagandet av innovation kan förbättras närinnovationsprocessen formaliseras, när ledningen visar att innovation är ett prioriterat områdeför företaget och när kunskapsdelningen inom företaget fungerar bra. Dessa slutsatser innebärofta en stor omställning, och denna kan göras lättare och mer sammanhållen om den görsinom ramen för en arbetsfilosofi. För falltstudieföretaget ges avslutningsvis ett antalrekommendationer baserade på slutsatserna, men där dessa anpassas till GameCos specifikaproblematik..

Traditionally risk-based measures have been used to assess animal welfare in legislation and certification schemes. With increased knowledge and research, debate today tends to focus on and advocate the use of animal-based measures. However this is not a panacea for welfare and the most sound conclusion should be that assessment of animal welfare needs both. The aim of this thesis is to identify the points that need to be taken into consideration to find the optimal balance in the use of input and outcome measures according to the aim of the assessment and how these should be applied when designing a certification scheme? To answer this, a comparison of the use of resource-based, management-based and animal-based measures in two certification schemes for dairy cow welfare, Freedom Food (UK) and Svenskt Sigill (SWE), was made.

This thesis work was made for Södra Cell Mörrums bruk in Blekinge. The purpose of the work was to develop a computer model in the simulation program Extend for the removal and balance of organic oxygen consuming substances, measured as COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), in the new biological treatment plant in the mill. The plant produces two different pulp products, TCF- (Totally Chlorine Free) pulp and ECF- (Elementary Chlorine Free) pulp, for sale. The different bleaching procedures affect the characteristic of the wastewater and thus the effectiveness of the biological treatment plant.In the model that was developed the COD in the wastewater was divided into five different COD-fractions: soluble easily degradable (SS), soluble hardly degradable (SR), soluble inert (SI), particulate inert (XI) and particulate biomass (XB). To create the model FlowMac? was used as a base.

The purpose of this study is to hightlight experiences of living in a relationship where BDSM is being exercised. The acronym is an umbrella term for bondage/discipline, dominance/submission and sadomasochism. The study is based on qualitative interviews with five persons who define themselves as BDSM practitioners. The overall questions of this study are: How does the BDSM practice appear in everyday life? How did the practice start and how has it developed over time? What's included in the sexual BDSM practice? The empirical material has been analyzed with interactionism as the theoritical framework. The picture that emerges is complex.

This report is the result of a degree project in building engineering, at an advanced level. The project evaluated a building from a technical and historical point of view, and focused on its energy consumption, particularly the energy used for heating. The building in question was a small apartment building in Strömsholm, Sweden. It was made in 1902, from vertical logs, a not so common form of the traditional log house. The goal of the project was to evaluate if the energy consumption could be reduced in accordance with building preservation regulations, that is without damaging any of the building?s cultural or historical values.The building was surveyed with the help of archive and literature studies, interviews and inspections.

The number of ideas at innovative companies usually exceeds the amount of available human ormaterial recourses, this include ideas for development of new products. Since they are not able to doeverything they want to do they have to choose between ideas to develop new products. This includesthe decision on when to start, stop or kill a project as well as the thought process of prioritizing betweenongoing and potential projects.Project Portfolio Management (PPM) is an organizational process, with the purpose of systematicallyorganizing and running the activities that aim to evaluate, select and prioritize ideas and projects fordeveloping new products. PPM include four major goals to be fulfilled; Maximizing Value of thePortfolio, Achieving a Balanced Portfolio, Achieving a Strategic Alignment and Running the RightNumber of Projects.The purpose of the thesis was to develop a more visual and formal PPM process for the early stages inproduct development in one department at St Jude Medical AB, Sweden.The thesis was conducted by following a methodology known as Process Modules. The methodology isan approach for developing a PPM process that fits a specific company.

AbstractEffective January 1, 2005 publicly listed companies were obliged to adopt a new financialreporting standard (IFRS/IAS). The objective of IFRS/IAS was to increase transparency andcomparability in financial reports between companies. The authors have chosen to write aboutIAS 40 where the accounting treatment for investment property and related disclosurerequirements are regulated.The purpose of this thesis is to investigate potential effects of valuation of investmentproperty at fair market value for real estate companies at times when market price decreasesand to investigate what an acceptable difference for the valuation could be.To fulfil this purpose the authors have chosen a qualitative method interviewing accountants,property analysts and a credit analyst to obtain a deeper understanding of the problem. Basedata for the thesis have been collected during meetings, telephone interviews and e-mails.Additional data was collected from public available sources such as the internet, relevantprofessional magazines and professional newsletters. The authors have designed a modelshowing how Income and Balance Sheet statements are influenced by changed valuation ofinvestment property.

In the essay, the balance between being an educator and a mother of a child with autism is explored in respect to how the roles might influence the actions of a pre-school teacher. Writing is used as a method of reflection, it gives the teacher a chance to take a step back and view her practical experiences from a novel perspective; conclusions are recounted throughout the teachers narrative. The essay is based on the following questions; which problems might arise in the meeting with parents such as Adams where there is a suspicion of autism for the child? Which advantages/disadvantages might the teacher?s personal experience of autism have for the role as educator? How would the dual roles as educator and mother of an autistic child best be balanced in the future?The essay highlights special educational and parent perspectives on the matter of autism. Professor of pedagogy Claes Nilholm, specializes in special needs education.

Syftet med detta examensarbete är att fördjupa vår förståelse kring matematikspråk och kommunikation som verktyg i matematikundervisningen. Detta har sökts svar på genom att observera och intervjua tre stycken matematiklärare i grundskolans lägre åldrar. Vi har undersökt hur dessa lärare använder och ser på muntlig kommunikation samt infor-mellt och formellt matematikspråk. Vi redogör för tidigare forskning kring språk och kommunikation i matematikundervis-ningen. Studiens utgångspunkt är Vygotskijs syn på språk och kommunikation i ett so-ciokulturellt perspektiv.

Kurs: Examensarbete i logistik för Civilekonomprogramet, 4FE05E, VT14Författare: Christian Sjöström och Joel Cederberg Handledare: Linnéuniversitetet: Åsa Gustavsson                       VCE i Braås: Cecilia Ekstrand och Carl Sigfridsson Examinator: Helena Forslund Titel: En studie om kvalitetsbrister samt förslag till förbättring av godshanteringsprocessen på VCE i Braås Bakgrund: Företag har skiftat fokus från priskonkurrens till fokus på kvalitet och leveransförmåga. Kvalitet är en nyckelfaktor för att kunna tillfredsställa kunden, skapa lönsamhet i företaget och skapa ekonomisk tillväxt. Om processer som finns för att tillfredställa kunden innehåller kvalitetsbrister orsakar det problem för hela företaget. Det är av vikt att effektivisera processerna som finns i företag genom verktyg som processkartläggning för att motverka kvalitetsbristerna. Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att, genom en kartläggning av godshanteringsprocessen från godsregistreringen till intern kund, identifiera kvalitetsbrister samt orsaker till dessa i processen samt föreslå åtgärder för minimering av dessa kvalitetsbrister. Metod: Studien är deduktiv och följer ett positivistiskt synsätt och empiri har samlats in genom en kvalitativ fallstudie där observationer, ostrukturerade och semi-strukturerade intervjuer har använts. Den teoretiska datainsamlingen har gjorts genom databaser och litteratur från Linnéuniversitetes universitetsbibliotek.

AbstractEffective January 1, 2005 publicly listed companies were obliged to adopt a new financialreporting standard (IFRS/IAS). The objective of IFRS/IAS was to increase transparency andcomparability in financial reports between companies. The authors have chosen to write aboutIAS 40 where the accounting treatment for investment property and related disclosurerequirements are regulated.The purpose of this thesis is to investigate potential effects of valuation of investmentproperty at fair market value for real estate companies at times when market price decreasesand to investigate what an acceptable difference for the valuation could be.To fulfil this purpose the authors have chosen a qualitative method interviewing accountants,property analysts and a credit analyst to obtain a deeper understanding of the problem. Basedata for the thesis have been collected during meetings, telephone interviews and e-mails.Additional data was collected from public available sources such as the internet, relevantprofessional magazines and professional newsletters. The authors have designed a modelshowing how Income and Balance Sheet statements are influenced by changed valuation ofinvestment property.

The purpose of this paper is to study the processes of identity and feelings of connectedness among first and second generation of Kurds in the Swedish society.In previous research I assumed that this sense of belonging to a nation includes identity and language. As regards the theory part, I have chosen to use a number of studies to elucidate this issue. The theories used in the study focuses primarily on the understanding of identity. Identity in this context can include linguistic, religious, cultural acts, even nationality or that claiming membership to a particular group.I have implemented twenty-four depth interviews with first and second generation of Kurds in the ages 21?58.

To get a good economy on the dairy farms the fertility control of heifers and cows is a crucial factor. It is also important to know which key parameters that should be tracked. In this work well established routines for heat detection have to be applied. When the dairy farmers use technical aid in estrus control it is important not to forget that technical aids can not replace the human eye. Approximately 50 % of all opportunities to inseminate are missed because clear signs of estrus have not been displayed and/or recorded. The cattle fertility has been declining over recent years. During the same time the cow?s proceeds have increased, consequently applying a higher pressure on the cow and the manager.