Syfte och frågeställningarSyftet med denna studie var att undersöka vilka fysiologiska effekter sex veckors högintensiv intervallträning (HIIT) på löpband med hyperoxi (>20,94  % syre) samt med normoxi (normal rumsluft) hade under kontrollerade former. De frågeställningar som hjälpte att besvara syftet var: (1) Hur förändras VO2max efter sex veckors högintensiv träning? (2) Hur förändras prestationen efter sex veckors högintensiv träning? (3) Hur påverkas löpekonomin av sex veckors HIIT? (4) Vilka fysiologiska effekter gav hyperoxiträning? MetodI studien deltog initialt åtta manliga vältränade löpare varav fem stycken fullföljde studien. Karaktäristiken för de fem försökspersonerna (FP) var: ålder (år) 27,6 ± 5,8, längd (cm)180,9 ± 5,0, vikt (kg) 68,6 ± 6,2, årsbästa 10 km (mm:ss) 33:44 ± 01:11 och VO2max (ml/kg/min) 69,0 ± 2,3. FP delades in i test- och kontrollgrupp och studien var utformat som en single-blind.

This essay examines middle school students? understanding of a text read aloud to them in English and the connection between the degree of listening comprehension and the expected increase of vocabulary throughout middle school. The same listening comprehension test was carried out in grades 4, 5 and 6 in a middle school in order to survey differences in English listening comprehension in regard to the ability to reproduce the content of an oral text. The result shows that there was a progression from level to level when it comes to comprehension and the number of words reproduced and that this progression was most noticeable between grades 4 and 5..

This essay examines middle school students? understanding of a text read aloud to them in English and the connection between the degree of listening comprehension and the expected increase of vocabulary throughout middle school. The same listening comprehension test was carried out in grades 4, 5 and 6 in a middle school in order to survey differences in English listening comprehension in regard to the ability to reproduce the content of an oral text. The result shows that there was a progression from level to level when it comes to comprehension and the number of words reproduced and that this progression was most noticeable between grades 4 and 5..

This essay examines middle school students? understanding of a text read aloud to them in English and the connection between the degree of listening comprehension and the expected increase of vocabulary throughout middle school. The same listening comprehension test was carried out in grades 4, 5 and 6 in a middle school in order to survey differences in English listening comprehension in regard to the ability to reproduce the content of an oral text. The result shows that there was a progression from level to level when it comes to comprehension and the number of words reproduced and that this progression was most noticeable between grades 4 and 5..

This essay examines middle school students? understanding of a text read aloud to them in English and the connection between the degree of listening comprehension and the expected increase of vocabulary throughout middle school. The same listening comprehension test was carried out in grades 4, 5 and 6 in a middle school in order to survey differences in English listening comprehension in regard to the ability to reproduce the content of an oral text. The result shows that there was a progression from level to level when it comes to comprehension and the number of words reproduced and that this progression was most noticeable between grades 4 and 5..

This essay examines middle school students? understanding of a text read aloud to them in English and the connection between the degree of listening comprehension and the expected increase of vocabulary throughout middle school. The same listening comprehension test was carried out in grades 4, 5 and 6 in a middle school in order to survey differences in English listening comprehension in regard to the ability to reproduce the content of an oral text. The result shows that there was a progression from level to level when it comes to comprehension and the number of words reproduced and that this progression was most noticeable between grades 4 and 5..

This essay examines middle school students? understanding of a text read aloud to them in English and the connection between the degree of listening comprehension and the expected increase of vocabulary throughout middle school. The same listening comprehension test was carried out in grades 4, 5 and 6 in a middle school in order to survey differences in English listening comprehension in regard to the ability to reproduce the content of an oral text. The result shows that there was a progression from level to level when it comes to comprehension and the number of words reproduced and that this progression was most noticeable between grades 4 and 5..

This essay examines middle school students? understanding of a text read aloud to them in English and the connection between the degree of listening comprehension and the expected increase of vocabulary throughout middle school. The same listening comprehension test was carried out in grades 4, 5 and 6 in a middle school in order to survey differences in English listening comprehension in regard to the ability to reproduce the content of an oral text. The result shows that there was a progression from level to level when it comes to comprehension and the number of words reproduced and that this progression was most noticeable between grades 4 and 5..

Denna uppsats är en kvantitativ studie som genom en enkätundersökning har för avsikt att mäta konsumenters preferenser om ekologiska livsmedels marknadskommunikation. Utifrån dessa preferenser ges förslag på komponenter till en marknadskommunikationsmix som tar hänsyn till resurseffektivitet i marknadsföring av småskaliga producenter av ekologiska livsmedel. Enkäten har distribuerats genom ett bekvämlighetsurval varför framkomna resultat inte är generaliserbara på populationen konsumenter av ekologiskt livsmedel. Den teoretiska referensramen grundar sig på aktuell forskning rörande konsumtion av ekologiskt livsmedel, marknadsföringsteori för små företag, samt teori om marknadskommunikationsmixen och dess beståndsdelar. Enkätundersökningens frågor är sprungna ur den teoretiska referensramen, och ur enkätens preferensbaserade frågor är åtta dimensioner genom faktoranalys utkristalliserade, vilka vardera representerar mellan två och fem variabler från enkäten.

The EU-project HEALTHGRAIN has suggested a new definition for whole grain which allows a small part of the grain to be removed during processing. By removing the outer part or the grain the hygienic quality will increase but it is not clear how the taste and colour is affected. So therefore in this study three different debranning methods, peeling, pearling and polishing, which remove the outer parts of the grains have been used on common and durum wheat. The dietary fibre and ash content, as well as germination was analysed in untreated, peeled, pearled and polished grains. The decrease in dietary fibre and ash was higher in grains that had been pearled compared to those that had been peeled or polished.

Avelsföreningen för den Svenska Varmblodiga Hästen, ASVH, instiftade år 1999 ett s.k. stimulanspaket för treåriga ston då de erhållit diplom under treårsTest. Stimulanspaketet innebär att stoets ägare erbjuds rabatter och förmåner på betäckningskostnader det året stoet är tre år alternativt sparas erbjudandet och används när stoet är fyra år. Stimulanspaketet inrättades för att få unga ston i avel och därmed få ett effektivare avelsframsteg i populationen för svenska varmblodiga hästen. Trots att stimulanspaketet funnits sedan år 1999 finns det få undersökningar gjorda på hur det gått för avkommorna.

Uppsatsen skapar en statistisk modell för beräkning av sannolikheter för utfall vid Allsvenska fotbollsmatcher. Modellens skattade sannolikheter för hemmavinst, oavgjort och bortavinst jämförs med utvalt spelbolag och visar på likvärdiga estimat. Utifrån de skattade sannolikheterna skapas odds som genererar lägre förluster än spelbolaget vid test utifrån ett spelbolags synvinkel. Sannolikheterna används även från en spelares perspektiv till att skapa ett spelsystem som genererar en positiv avkastning..

To fulfill the climate target that EU and the Swedish government have decided to apply, it becomes increasingly important that the energy efficiency of existing buildings and making new buildings energy efficient as possible. Of Sweden?s total energy consumption in 2011 was 40% used by residential and service. Of the 40% of the energy consumption was 60% used for heating and domestic hot water. A report from year 2012 shows that one reason why the heating volume is so great could be due to underestimating on the energy consumption for the heating in the planning of the building.

Bakgrund Extremt prematura barn har svårt att tillgodogöra sig näring på grund av att mag- tarmkanalen är omogen. Barnen har hög risk för undernäring och tillväxthämning är vanligt. Nutritionen måste därför optimeras och vara individuellt anpassad efter varje barns behov. För att nå de uppskattade näringsbehoven och möjliggöra att den fetala tillväxten efterföljs är det nödvändigt att berika den enterala nutritionen.Syfte Att undersöka näringsintaget mellan två års-kohorter av extremt prematura barn och jämföra näringsintaget med uppskattat näringsbehov samt undersöka om ändrade nutritionsregimer påverkat viktutveckling. Sekundärt undersöktes förekomst av nekrotiserande enterokolit (NEC). Metod En retrospektiv observationsstudie av extremt prematura barn (<27 gestationsveckor) födda under 2006 respektive 2011.

Background: First Line Managers are expected to create a health promoting work environment. Research has shown that the prerequisites for accomplishing a health promoting leadership are not always the best. Aim: The aim was to elucidate the prerequisites for a health promoting leadership as First Line Manager at a University hospital in Sweden based on competence, role, support structures and own durability. Results: First Line Managers at the chosen hospital seems to have rather good conditions for conducting a health promoting leadership. All respondents did have a university degree and most thought that their competence corresponded well with the role.