The present thesis closer examines what has come to be known as al-Qaida, partly from what al-Qaida is considered to be, partly from the consequences a certain picture of al-Qaida might give rise to. Between 1988-2001 most of this thesis sources refers to al-Qaida as a small, organized core group with some degree of cell structure. From 1991 to present days, many of the sources enlarge the picture of al-Qaida. From now on they start to view al-Qaida as either a network in itself or al-Qaida as a part of a larger islamistic network, not only as an organized core group with presumptive bases in Afghanistan. The most recent of theories regarding al-Qaida looks at al-Qaida as an ideology in itself (al-Qaedaism) or al-Qaida as a part of previously existing ideologies (Islamism, Neofundamentalism and Jihadism-Salafism).Al-Qaida is being seen - by scholars, journalists and terrorism experts - as an organization with a core group, a network in itself, part of a larger islamistic network and an ideology of its own or as a part of already existing ideologies.

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka på vilket sätt Jesus beskrivs på film. Mer specifikt är syftet att beskriva hur Jesus gudomliga och mänskliga egenskaper gestaltas i fyra olika filmer. Film är ett växande medium och det är också ett medium för att behandla livsåskådning, både explicit och implicit. Det kristologiska grundproblemet kring Jesus natur aktualiseras på film ibland utifrån en Teologisk medvetenhet, men ibland också omedvetet. Syftet med denna studie är alltså att undersöka hur Jesus gudomliga och mänskliga natur gestaltas på film.

Arbetet handlar om att med hjälp av litteratur och forskning hitta fördelar och nackdelar med ett tematiskt arbetssätt. Utifrån dessa fördelar och nackdelar har vi sedan skapat en planering för ett tematiskt arbete som vi valt att kalla ?Naturen omkring oss?. De ämnena som vi valt att integrera i detta arbete är Biologi, Svenska, Matematik och Bild. I Litteraturgenomgången har vi valt att definiera begreppet tematiskt arbete. Vi definierar det bland annat som att vi utgår ifrån elevers egna erfarenheter och vardagliga förståelse, att vi ska arbeta ämnesövergripande samt att elevinflytandet ska ha en väsentlig del i arbetet.

This essay is an attempt to study some post-modern theological positions with regard to their growing interest in the use of mystical theology and mysticism in theological research in the academic post-modern world, and to see if the 19th century theologian Albert Schweitzer couldprove a resource for this understanding of mystical theology. This position is known in the essay as ?the mystical turn.?To present the background and understanding of this post-modern view of mystical theology the essay presents three theologians, namely: Andrew Louth, Mark A. McIntosh and Sarah Coakley.These three theologians argue for the use of a contemplative and transforming mysticism as a postmodern epistemology in relation to theological research, with growing concern of the status of theology in the secular and post-modern world. Having made clear the views of these three theologians the essay then presents Albert Schweitzer's view on the mysticism of Paul.

The main discussion in this essay concern what the Emerging Church is, its sociological and theological context, their main critique of modernism and the consequences in theology and praxis. EC is not a new church but wants to be a new way of being church. In England much of the discussion concerning EC has found a context within the report Mission-Shaped Church (MSC). EC differs from Emergent Village which is a continuing discussion from a postmodern philosophical view.EC is born in an evangelical context with the tensions in the postmodern context, the liminal situation with among other items the disussion about a liquid culture and liquid church. Other backgroundfactors are the ChurchGrowth-movement, Willow Creek and the Gospel and Our Culture.EC critisizes its evangelical background and moves the center from justification to incarnation, from propostionalism, individualism, mission and activism to a theology of incarnational community life.Four different proponents are considered; Brian Mclaren, Dan Kimball, Karen Ward and Ben Edson.

In the prison of Kumla, Sweden`s highest security classified institution, spiritual retreats are pursued since 2001. The aim is to offer the inmates a possibility to enter deeply into spiritual contemplation. This spiritual contemplation is made possible through the fact that the prisoners carry out a retreat designed after guidelines written by Ignatius of Loyola in his Spiritual Exercises. The purpose of this examination is to study how ordinary institutional life in comparison to monastic life defines and creates different attitudes and roles amongst the inmates. A secondary aim is to describe the consequences of the retreat on individual basis.

Three main questions give the fundamental structure for this master thesis: 1) In what way is the notion of law being perceived in the following theologians respectively; David P. Scaer, Dietrich Bonhoeffer and Wolfhart Pannenberg? 2) In what way is the notion of law being perceived in the encyclical Veritatis Splendor? 3) Which similarities and divergences can be found in the respective expositions of the notion of law?For the purpose of comparison, I have employed four questions of analysis. These are: A) What is ?the law?? B) Is the law being effected, or is it working, in the world and if so - in what ways and for what purposes is it meant to serve? C) Does human beings have any capacities to understand and/or live in accordance to the law? D) Does the Gospel, perceived as the earthly life, actions, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ, effect any alteration with respect to the purpose, range, function or interpretation of the law?In order to better understand Roman-Catholic concepts of law, the treatise on law of Thomas Aquinas Summa Theologica is briefly presented.

[E]n opolitisk "Svenska kyrkan? som mest sysslar med ?religiösa aktiviteter? har vi nästan aldrig haft i Sverige. Det vi haft av sådant har uppträtt de senaste decennierna. Detta skriver Anders Wejryd i förordet till Nya möjligheter: Svenska kyrkans sociala roll i 2000-talets Sverige.I efterkrigstidens Sverige med tilltagande fattigdom och en ökning av asylsökanden har deninomkyrkliga debatten kring Svenska kyrkans samhällsengagemang kommit att få allt störreproportioner. I detta samhällsengagemang har två delar blivit tydliga, den ena delen består idet arbete som sker där en barmhärtigt hjälpande och omsorgsfull hand räcks till fattiga ochflyktingar.

Uppsatsen behandlar hur USA: s president George W Bush använder civilreligiösa inslag i sin retorik under sitt första år som president. Han startade ämbetsperioden med att använda religiösa anspelningar i sitt installationstal., för att sedan fortsätta i samma anda hela året. Bush är inte den första presidenten att använda sådana retoriska knep. Ända sedan USA: s grundande har presidenterna förstärkt sin talarkonst genom att hänvisa till Gud och att landet är utvalt av Gud - ett nytt Israel. Landets presidenter har alltid varit mer eller mindre övertygade om att Gud står på USA: s sida.

The purpose of this paper consists of examining the different ways of thinking about death and life beyond death conveyed in the game Grim Fandango Remastered. This was done by using a theoretical framework consisting of a self invented definition of death called "Bodily death". This definition consists of common notions about death such as cessation of life functions like movement, metabolism, respiration and overall cessation of brain functions. It also included cessation of vital processes, which includes the ability to make energy transfer, making reparations, for example by cell replication, as well as the waste system of the body.  Besides this, the study examines the prevalence of dualism, a conception that views the soul essential to the individual's mental state. Two kinds of dualism were investigated, simple dualism with the assumption that the individual is made up of the soul, and compound dualism, where soul and body are dependent on each other for the survival of the individual.

Summary in EnglishThe purpose of this essay has been to examine the Christology of Wolfhart Pannenberg, and especially his interpretation of the belief in Jesus as true God and true man. The consequences for his ontology and his view of the incarnation are also focused upon.Fundamental features in the Christology of Pannenberg demand a closer examination in this connection. First, christological method regarding which a certain development can be shown from the early to the late writings of Pannenberg. According to my view, the later Pannenberg is more balanced in his way of describing the christological movements "from above" and "from below" and how these movements complement each other. In contradistinction to his mature Systematic Theology, in Jesus, God and Man from the 1960s he was more categorically an advocate of the from-below-perspective.Secondly, Pannenberg risks his entire Christology claiming the historicity of the resurrection.

Enligt Sven G. Hartman har varje människa en personlig livsåskådning som bygger på uppfattningar om tillvarons egenskaper (ontologi), uppfattningar om hurdan människan är (antropologi), uppfattningar om samhället (politik) och uppfattningar om en eller flera makter/gudar (Teologi). Hartman betonar livsfrågors vikt för utvecklandet av den personliga livsåskådningen. Även läroplanen betonar vikten av att eleverna utvecklar förmågan till egna ställningstaganden. Jag har genom att undersöka gymnasieelevers gudsbilder och reflektioner kring en bild föreställande ondska försökt få en bild av hur de utvecklar egna ställningstaganden och därigenom också utvecklar sin personliga livsåskådning. För min undersökning har jag använt mig av en gymnasieklass på en gymnasieskola i Malmö som läser kursen Religion A.

This essay examines the using of consensus method for decision making within the World Council of Churches (WCC) and the process that led to the decision to adopt its usage. The main question of my essay is why the method was introduced to the WCC and what motives lay behind its introduction. Other questions are how the consensus method works; both in theory and in practice, and what the predecessors and prototypes for the method are.The consensus method belongs to a broad Christian tradition of spiritual discernment and spiritual decision making. The New Testament, in particular Acts, gives examples of decision making in the early church which show that discerning God's will was considered essential. However the most influential model for the consensus method have been the decision making process of the Religious Society of Friends or Quakers, and also the consensus model of the Uniting Church in Australia.

Svenska kyrkan befinner sig idag mitt i ett pulserande, modernt samhälle, där kyrkans position inte längre är så självskriven som den förut varit. Samtidigt som kyrkan ska följa med i tiden för att kunna erbjuda en verksamhet som passar dagens moderna sökare, är den också förvaltare av en tradition och ett budskap.I denna uppsats har jag närmare undersökt, hur kyrkan idag presenterar det ofta laddade budskapet om synd, nåd, omvändelse och försoning. Forna dagars teologer var eniga om behovet av syndanöd, bekännelse, ånger och omvändelse, för att komma in i Guds förlåtelse. Detta budskap känns främmande för många idag, då flertalet av dåtidens ?synder?, tillhör ett normalt livsmönster.I den inomkyrkliga diskussionen kring ämnet, är åsikterna spridda.

Charles Hartshorne (1897-2000) was a religious philosopher. He adopted and developed the cosmologic thinking and concept of God from the philosopher Alfred North Whitehead, he was also influenced by Heidegger, Spinoza and other philosophers. According to Whiteheads religious philosophy Hartshorne claimed that there is a dualistic transcendence within the Godhead. A dualistic transcendence where one unity/transcendence of God is abstract, outside the creation and time and therefore is eternal. The other unity (or transcendence) is inside time and creation and closely in process to it .