Organizational democracy has been a popular research area in recent decades but the implementation in real organizations is slow (Kokkinidis, 2012; Verdorfer, Weber, Unter Rainer & Seyr, 2013). Several researchers (Schön Jansson, 2012; Falkheimer, Heide & Johansson, 2013) argue that communication practitioners have a key role in democratic processes and that because their job role is under constant change there are only a few modern studies regarding the subject. The purpose of this study is to illustrate how communication practitioners in private and public organizations experience their role in the process of internal communication and to what extent they are aware of, and work with internal organizational democracy.The practitioners we interviewed had a strong feeling that they were a support function for the business and the organizational management. As a result of the study it is clear that communication practitioners are very loyal to their employers and to the organization they work for. They are, therefore, not neutral in their professional role and argue that their Task is to represent the management's interests.

Att det aldrig är för sent att utveckla sin läs- och skrivförmåga är det bärande temat i denna uppsats. Syftet är tvåfaldigt: dels är avsikten att skapa en förståelse för de svårigheter vuxna med läs- och skrivsvårigheter har att brottas med, dels att lyfta fram de framgångsfaktorer som, enligt verksamma pedagoger i vuxenutbildningen, präglar effektiva utbildningsinsatser för vuxenstuderande med läs- och skrivsvårigheter.I tre litteraturstudier belyses läs- och skrivsvårigheter hos vuxna utifrån olika perspektiv. Översikt ett beskriver hur vuxna med läs- och skrivsvårigheter uppmärksammas i olika styrdokument för vuxenutbildningen. I översikt två redogörs för det komplexa fält som läs- och skrivsvårigheter hos den vuxna individen utgör och i den tredje översikten åskådliggörs självbildens betydelse för individer med läs- och skrivsvårigheter.I en enkätstudie ges en bred bild av hur 35 pedagoger som arbetar med särskilda insatser till vuxenstuderande med läs- och skrivsvårigheter betraktar sina insatser, vad de exempelvis lägger vikt vid i sin undervisning, vilket behov av kompetensutveckling de har och, inte minst, vad de räknade som framgångsfaktorer för effektiva insatser.Enkätstudiens resultat bekräftar i stort den tidigare forskning som gjorts inom området när det gäller effektiva insatser. Praktiska förutsättningar i form av ett inbjudande ?yttre rum? med möjlighet till lugn och ro, ?time on Task? samt tillgång till teknisk kompensation anges som viktiga villkor för en framgångsrik lärsituation.

AbstractIntroduction: It has during the latest years occurred several large business scandals both abroad and in Sweden where auditors have been involved. The need for stabile conditions and well functioning professional codes of ethics for companies, especially auditing firms have been growing during the latest years. FAR has seen it as their Task to define the meaning of the Swedish term ?god revisorssed?. This is specified through FAR?s nine professional codes of ethics, which came out in a new edition in 2003.

Syftet med denna rapport är att beskriva arbetet kring utvecklingen av en webbapplikation för försäljning av t-shirts - Shrt - och utreda möjligheterna för att lansera varumärket på marknaden. Projektet utgick ifrån visionen ?att ge våra kunder verktygen som behövs för att uttrycka sin personlighet, genom mode som kunden själv designar, via webben?. Under projektet har utvecklingsmetodiken scrum använts tillsammans med andra verktyg som är vanliga vid agila projekt. Vid konkretisering av varumärket Shrt och dess produkt genomfördes brainwriting. För att skapa en produktbacklogg använde sig utvecklingsgruppen av arbetsmetoderna funktionsanalys, konceptdivergens, konceptutvärdering och prototyping. Funktionerna i produktbackloggen delades sedan in i kategorierna nödvändiga, önskvärda samt onödiga funktioner. Produktbackloggen låg sedan till grund för hur arbetet delades upp i tre olika sprintar med separata mål och redovisningar. Den första sprinten fokuserade på funktion, den andra på upplevelse för användaren och den tredje på underhåll samt förbättring av kod ? refaktorering. Under slutet av utvecklingen genomfördes användartester utifrån Task-based scenarios där användaren får försöka utföra en uppgift utan instruktioner på hur den ska utföras.  Resultatet av projektet blev en webbapplikation med all funktionalitet som klassificerades som nödvändig och önskvärd.

The constant need of energy is something that affects us all no matter our current situation. Whether we are driving our car to work, taking the elevator or using the oven to cook dinner we end up relying on energy. Our whole society is continuously striving to achieve a higher grade of efficiency and the process of supplying ourselves with energy is no exception. The importance of appliances in our everyday life cannot be exaggerated and thus the importance of their high efficiency.Efficiency is already a keyword in the appliance industry with labels, stars and numbers helping us choosing the most suitable option for the Task ahead. No matter how efficient appliances often use pure electricity as their energy source.

It is not uncommon for math difficulties and reading difficulties to occur simultaneously. Despite this, math and reading difficulties are thought to have different cognitive profiles where math difficulties are linked to number sense; an innate ability to understand, approximate and manipulate both quantities and numerical information, whereas reading difficulties are linked to phonological ability; an innate ability to understand, create representations of and manipulate phonological information. A possible link between the difficulties is that phonological abilities also could affect mathematical ability. Support for this comes from studies where comorbid math and reading difficulties are associated with more severe difficulties in arithmetic ability compared to those with isolated math difficulties. The purpose of this study is to examine whether isolated math difficulties, isolated reading difficulties and comorbid math and reading difficulties can be linked to deficits in number sense, phonological ability or both of these, and whether comorbid math and reading difficulties differ in performance in mathematical Tasks compared to isolated math difficulties for children in second grade.

This is a thesis for a Bachelor Degree Project, performed in the subject MechanicalEngineering. The students Roger Malmberg and Simon Hagberg have carried out adesign project on behalf of the recently established company J&D Assisting systems,located in Halmstad.The project consisted in developing J&D's first prototype of a power assisting solutionfor wheelchairs. A power assisted wheelchair combines human power, which is deliveredby the arms through the pushrims, with electrical motors, which are powered by a battery.The power assisted wheelchair is aimed at customers, who have used a regularwheelchair for a long time, but who have become weaker or just need additional powerwhen driving uphill. This kind of wheelchair will provide additional power for users,which will spare their wrists, elbow and shoulders. The product is torque sensor free andinstead it relies on the velocity.

This thesis has treated a three-axis robot which Task is to serve a larger test machine tomove the modules to be tested, from the storage to the test site. The robot is composed ofthree linear actuators; two standard components of ball screw type and a custom-builtactuator of trapezoidal type. The work has mainly focused on the custom-built device to seeif it could be replaced with a standard component. Part of the work has been to look into thepicking tool and to see if there are any possibilities to improve its function.The report presents two different proposals which I decided to call Robot 1 and Robot 2 andthey aim to address the problems arising in the purpose-built linear unit and the X-axislinearity problems. Robot 1 focuses on eliminating the problems that arise around therobot's X-axis, with such simple means as possible and without making excessive materialchanges.

Phosphate is a used as a surface treatment method which is used for various purposes in the industry. In this case, phosphate coated wire is used in the processes to achieve a desirable outcome. The reason to why phosphate coated wire is used in the production process is because phosphate acts as an accumulator, where it stabilizes the lubricant on the surface of the wire. Lubrication is important because it plays a major role in the roll quality and characterizes important benefits regarding the outcome.Currently, SKF has to wash away all phosphates residues after extrusion process in an operation called tumbling. The main reason for this is simply because the surface has to be completely free from lubricants and coatings till the next step of process.

The Swedish market for vehicle inspection is re-regulated since June 2010. More than four years after the re-regulation there are eight companies in the market. Two of these companies are a result of the former monopolist's owners divided the business among themselves. The remaining six companies have entered the market through acquisitions or by building up their business from scratch, these are known as new entrants in the study. The competition has developed slowly and the former monopolist still has the highest market share.

AbstractThis thesis is the final part of the Innovation and Design Engineering Programme (180 ECTS credits)at the Faculty of Health, Nature and Engineering Science at Karlstad University. The extent of thisthesis is 22.5 ECTS credits and has been performed independently by Hannes Jernberg during thespring of 2013. Metso Paper Karlstad AB is the Task maker of this project, and Arvid Johansson is thecompany Representative. Metso Paper Karlstad AB is one of the world leading developer andmanufacturer of tissue paper machines.In the current situation, the company has developed and patented a power management systembased on a Cross Flow Turbine. The current construction is limited to a paper width of 2.9 meters.The company wants to take advantage of all the opportunities provided by the patents, to develop aturbine solution paper machine with a paper width that is wider than 5.5 meters, and give the abilityto manufacture paper for lower energy consumption which is an important part of the production asit is very energy intensive.Problems arise with the increasing length of the turbine, ultimately resulting in that the deflectionbecomes too big and that the momentums, due to the increased torque the turbine blades breaks.By applying the design process, this work has resulted in a number of potential solutions to theproblem.

A large part of the Namibian low income population lack access to grid distributed electricity. This mean they are effectively shut out from basic functions such as lighting, information technologies and hygienic food handling. Hence, finding ways of providing affordable off-grid electricity is an important, not to say critical, Task.This master thesis is an innovation and concept development project that has been carried out in cooperation with organisations in Sweden and Namibia. The purpose of the project has been to (1) develop a concept for off-grid electricity supply in Namibia and (2) to gain a deeper knowledge within the area of innovation and product development for the Base of the Pyramid population, i.e. the poorest, but largest, socio-economic part of the global population.Essential in this project has been to acquire user understanding and to identify user needs to create a foundation for developing the concept.

The main objective of this thesis was to develop appropriate strategies and find factors that affect the usability of parameterized designs. This was accomplished by investigate the user-interface and how it is designed to meet the user's information needs. The thesis also embraces the basic theories in terms of investigation, cognitive design principles and human behavior patterns in the interaction with the machine. The approach has led to an explorative investigation in this subject area.The thesis also had the purpose to achieve more efficient ways for development of motor chainsaws at Husqvarna AB's department Global Cutting Equipment. That can be achieved through reduce costs of development per sold unit.

The voltage level in the power grid varies due to variations in load and production. Normally these variations are manageable, but they may be excessively large during a disturbance. If the voltage is too high it may damage the equipment in the grid and too low voltages may cause problems like voltage instability. The magnitude of the voltage variation depends on the short circuit power capacity of the point of interest.This problem may become lore prominent due to automatic voltage regulation that acts on shunt reactors and shunt capacitors. When the shunt reactor is connected or disconnected to the grid it may cause such large changes in the voltage that the shunt reactor starts hunting.

The dog is unique in the way that the adult weight can vary 100 folds between the different breeds. Despite this, most of the breeds reach adult size before two years of age. For the large-breed dogs this means a very rapid growth when some of them can have a weight gain of up to 150 times their birth weight. The most rapid growth occurs when the puppies are between three to six months old and that kind of rapid growth during such a short period of time makes these large-breed puppies very sensitive to deficits and excesses of energy, nutrients and minerals. Some examples can be excess of energy, excess or deficit of minerals such as calcium and phosphorus or deficits of protein. The rapid growth can also make the large-breed puppies predisposed to some diseases affecting the skeletal and joints.