In the year 2002 a commission wasappointed by the government and taskedto clear up possible flaws in the lawgoverning spatial planning (Plan ochbygglagen, PBL). The commission's reportlaid the foundations for a new law whichwas adopted by the Swedish parliament onthe 20th of June 2010 and is scheduledto come into effect on the 2nd of May2011.The purpose of this thesis has been toexamine the changes made in the new law,primarily from a civil-rights point ofview, focusing on the appeal process.This is a highly interesting subjectconsidering one reason behind the newlaw was to simplify and streamline theplanning process while keeping civilrights intact.Through a comprehensive literature studyand interviews with experts the currentplanning process was mapped out andrelevant changes in the new law wereexamined. After the study had beenconcluded we were able to distinguishseveral areas that underwent especiallyinteresting changes;The requirement of a plan program wasremoved and the exhibition process wasremoved and replaced by a writtenreview. Individuals were given thepossibility of requesting a plan notice.The different spatial plan documentswere merged into one single document andthe number of responsible authoritiesfor spatial plans is no longer limitedto one.The study has shown that the aspirationfor a more effective spatial planningprocess has mostly been conducted at theexpense of individual rights.The single biggest obstacle forachieving a democratic planning processis learning how the law works and howthe spatial planning process isimplemented, this is has been proven tobe a very hard and time consuming taskfor individuals to undertake..

The requirements for operative planning activities are increasing. The forest industry wants to gain better control over wood flow. A felling that is more market adjusted is desirable. However, this causes problems in the operative planning process because of the data collection methods used today. Data about timber assortments and data about the distribution of the tree diameter, etc., are often lacking. Airborne laser scanning is used to a greater extent than before for estimation of forest variables and should perhaps be used to the same extent in operative planning activities as well.

Environmental problems are accelerating with energy consumption and the release of greenhouse gases as the major issues. This affects landscape planning mostly through environmentally hazardous transportation and heating of buildings. In environmental work, the term "Sustainable development" is often used. This term was coined in the Bruntland report in 1987. A number of frameworks have been developed to clarify the term and to remind the user about relevant aspects of sustainability.

People who live in northern part of the world spend much more time indoors than those who live in warmer countries. In addition that home should be safe, it should also protect one against heat, cold, sunlight and pollution. The indoor environment is affected by installations, material and how the building is formed. Those anomalies that are visible, felt or smelled can be noticed and be rectified. But it?s much more difficult if these abilities are missing.

The major environmental problems that we have today are frequently mentioned in the media today. One example is the ongoing debate regarding global warming and its causes and consequences. There are also several other problems in our society such as segregation and social tensions. Most agree that we must do something to solve these problems and that we must try to achieve a sustainable development for the entire planet. But how should it actually be done and what trade-offs, compromises, sacrifices and changes must be made?The purpose of this paper is to examine how these issues are being dealt with in Swedish city planning.

In agricultural educations you learn to use different economic planning tools, as basis for decision. The purpose and goal of this work has been to find out if economic planning tools are used by the farmers in Sweden. We choose to do an investigation through personal interviews, and used an inquiry to get as equivalent answers as possible from the farmers. This work contains a literature study with relevant facts about the questions that is brought up in the inquiry. This study of literature explains shortly some different calculation methods and bases for decision. It also contains useable information that is important to know before an investment. The questions that are asked to the farmers have focused on the use of calculation methods and economical planning tools.

Every plan and program decided on by an authority or municipality, where the environmental impact can be considerable, must be environmentally assessed according to Environmental Code, the Planning and Building Act (PBA) and the Regulation on Environmental Impact Assessment.The purpose of this study is to examine the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for The Region Development Plan for the Stockholm Region, RUFS 2010. The plan was approved by at that time the Regional Planning Office (Regionplanekontoret), which procured the process by consultants. RUFS 2010 includes two merged plans ie. a regional Development Plan (RUP) and the Regional Spatial Plan for Stockholm. It was necessary to establish an environmental assessment of RUP, but not for the regional plan.

Kunskap om befolkningens storlek och åldersfördelning är en förutsättning för att göra förutsägelser för framtiden och ett viktigt underlag vid planering. Genom kunskap om befolkningssammansättningen har vi en större handlingsfrihet och stora fördelar vid planering av den fysiska miljön. Den övergripande utvecklingen i Sverige de senaste åren kännetecknas av befolkningsminskning i landets gles- och landsbygder medans storstäderna ökar sin befolkning genom inflyttning och invandring (Glesbygdsverket 2007b). För att förhindra att vissa orter på sikt försvinner helt är en stabilisering av befolkningsunderlaget viktigt för många kommuner. Kommuners problem och möjligheter varierar alltmer på grund av ålderstrukturer, flyttmönster och investeringar i olika delar av landet. Även orter med en stillastående eller negativ utveckling behöver planering och i vissa fall riktade insatser för att överleva. Tillväxt är inte det mest troliga scenariot för alla då resurserna är regionalt ojämnt fördelade (Westholm red.

This Master?s thesis provides insights into adult women?s fictional reading within the conceptual phrase ?a good book?. Eight qualitative and semi-structured interviews were performed in order to examine the nature of response and perceived benefits. The collected data were analyzed by Louise M. Rosenblatt?s reception-oriented transactional theory of reading and the cognitive psychology-based model of reading developed within the joint Nordic project SKRIN.

Sustainable development is a concept that has been interpreted in a multitude of ways in different contexts. This essay argues that the discourse of "ecological modernization" has strongly influenced the way in which the concept of ?sustainability? has been constructed in Swedish environmental policy. This interpretation of the concept of sustainability offers the possibility of combining economic growth with ecological sustainability which stands in contrast to the assumptions of Deep Ecology and Green Theory. The aim of this essay is to explore how the concept of sustainability is being formulated in environmental policy both on a national level and in the city of Malmö.Considering these issues in a specific context, this essay focuses on city planning that is as an important instrument to promote urban sustainability both on national and local levels.

This essay intends to examine the atheists Richard Dawkins, Daniel Dennett, Sam Harris, Christopher Hitchens and Michel Onfray's arguments against religion, based on the themes of religion, atheism and the perception.of their present worldview. In addition, the research aims to find out whether it is suitable to talk about a new atheism. And, if so, whether such newatheism correspond with the definition represented by the Christian critics. The essay intends to contribute to a very limited research on the so-called new atheism without applying pro-religious arguments.Previous research and theory highlight the problem of defining the terms atheism, religion and secularism a concern that is reflected by the five critics troughout their arguments. What really united the critics were the idea about religion taking too much place in society, and the opinion that atheistic morality is at least as good as religious morality.

This master thesis is performed at Scania Axles and Gearboxes, a production plant located in Södertälje. Within the plant axles, gearboxes as well as central gears are assembled from components to finished products. All production is conducted on production lines, with a pre-determined rate, which is supplied with components by the material handling department. Since the production quantity and the mix of product variants produced on the production line is customer order-based, the number and type of components needed for production as well as appropriate staffing within the material handling department is difficult to predict. Scania is currently using a number of different resource planning tools for each material handling-department within Axles and Gearboxes to visualize the workload within the departments.

The reindeer planning system (Renbruksplanen, RBP) is a communication and planning tool designed for Sami groups. A key purpose of this is that it will act as a tool in consultation with other market players, including forestry. Sami groups have asked for a model of how this can be used in a flexible manner. With the Swedish Forest Agency as a project manager, a communication model for how to use the RBP has been designed. It consists of a number of points divided into ?before?, ?during? and ?after? the consultation.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka relationen mellan de två nationella miljökvalitetsmålen, Ett rikt odlingslandskap och God bebyggd miljö. Sveriges mest högproduktiva jordbruksmark finns till stor del i Skåne. Skåne har sedan 1960-talet haft en positiv befolkningstillväxt större än resten av landet. Kombinationen mellan stor andel jordbruksmark och positiv befolkningsutveckling gör Skåneregionen intressant att undersöka. Uppsatsen görs i form av en forskningsöversikt och en fallstudie av Tomelilla tätort. Fallstudien består av planeringsförutsättningar där kommunala och regionala dokument samt lagstiftning med mera behandlas. Vidare görs en scenarioanalys genom scenariokors, en utvärdering av Tomelilla kommuns översiktsplans utbyggnadsförslag för Tomelilla tätort och en realistisk byanalys. Uppsatsen visar att det finns en vision att kombinera de två miljökvalitetsmålen Ett rikt odlingslandskap och God bebyggd miljö men att det finns en skillnad mellan vision och handling när det gäller bevarande av jordbruksmark vid bebyggelseutveckling. Tät fysisk struktur identifieras som en struktur som tar hänsyn till jordbruksmark vid bebyggelseutveckling. Uppsatsen avslutas med en avslutande diskussion av mer fri karaktär, diskussionen tar upp behovet av verktyg för förtätning och frågan om en större arena för planering av hushållning med jordbruksmark behövs..

I Skåne pågår i dagsläget planeringsarbetet för spårvagn i de tre största städerna; Malmö, Lund och Helsingborg. Hur kommer det sig att samtliga Skånes tre största städer med så pass olika förutsättningar och storlek planerar för spårväg samtidigt? Är det ett resultat av ett ökat resande eller finns det andra, mer visionära faktorer som styr? Arbetet syftar till att undersöka och jämföra tre städers val av spårväg utifrån de undersökta städernas visioner och morfologiska förutsättningar. Vilka är de avgörande faktorerna i valet av kollektivtrafik, hur motiveras valet och vilka effekter förväntas ett sådant val ge staden? Den övergripande frågeställningen är; hur motiverar de studerade kommunerna att planera för spårväg? Tre fallstudier har genomförts i studien för att möjliggöra jämförelser mellan fallen. Det finns spårvägsplaner på flera håll runt om i landet så som i Linköping, Uppsala och Jönköping.