Previous research and patient complaints to the Swedish Patient Support Committee shows that there is a lack of substance in the patient-nurse relationship. This may suggest that it can be difficult for health care to live up to health-care law which requires it to be of good quality, based on dignity and respect and designed so that the patient is an active participant and can make their own decisions when it comes to their health care. For a better understanding of what a dignified patient-nurse relationship is, this study aims to clarify what the patient values as good patient-nurse relationship and describe how they have experienced the patient-nurse relationship during their stay at an emergency care department. The study is a descriptive cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, where the population consisted of patients who were cared for at an emergency care department in the County of Västmanland, Sweden during 2007. The sample consisted of 93 patients which were asked to answer a questionnaire.

Bakgrund: Substansberoende är ett växande folkhälsoproblem som kräver allt större resurser i dagens hälso- och sjukvård. Detta leder till att dagens sjuksköterskor möter personer med substansberoende i större utsträckning än tidigare. Sjuksköterskeutbildningen omfattar oftast inte kunskap om substansberoende och studier visar att bristande kunskap kan påverka personalens attityder till olika patientgrupper vilket i sin tur kan påverka både den givna vården och vårdmötet. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att belysa vilka attityder sjuksköterskor kan ha till att vårda personer med substansberoende inom somatiska vårdmiljöer. Metod: Studien är en litteraturöversikt, som utifrån tidigare forskning, belyser sjuksköterskors attityder till att vårda personer med substansberoende.

Tva?ngsva?rden av missbrukare a?r ett av samha?llets sista verktyg fo?r att va?rda missbrukare som lever ett va?ldigt destruktivt och farligt liv. Tva?ngsva?rdslagstiftningen har kritiserats fo?r att vara sva?rtolkad, och det finns sto?d fo?r att lagstiftningen tilla?mpas olika i landets socialna?mnder. Genom att intervjua socialtja?nstens enhetschefer om deras tolkning och tilla?mpning av tva?ngsva?rdslagstiftningen syftar uppsatsen till att belysa skillnader och likheter i tolkning och tilla?mpning av lagstiftningen samt att bidra med kunskap om vilka faktorer som kan fo?rsva?ra arbetet.

Public concern about the release of toxic compounds from wood-based products drives legislation towards enforcing industries to find and use more sustainable solutions for wood treatment. Plant oils are good alternatives to treat wood, minimizing or even neutralizing the impact on the environment. Wood modification with epoxidised linseed oil (ELO) and acetic acid as catalyst has proven a suitable method to impregnate and protect wood. However, the mixture presents a serious inconvenience because of the quick polymerization of the ingredients that limits its practical application. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate an alternative method using a two-step process which bypassed the problem above.

Studiens syfte är att undersöka insatsers utfall för missbruksklienter efter avslutad vistelse på behandlingshem/ familjehem. Ett delsyfte är också att undersöka några variablers inverkan på utfallet samt hur dokumentationen ser ut. Utifrån detta har vi formulerat följande frågeställningar. (1) Hur har insatserna utfallit i stort? (2) Hur har sociala relationer beskrivits i anslutning till detta? (3) Hur har klientens delaktighet och motivation beskrivits? (4) Hur har den samlade dokumentationen av insatserna fungerat? För att besvara dessa har 14 akter studerats, metoden har varit såväl kvalitativ som kvantitativ.

Studiens syfte var att undersöka om naturläkemedlet Ibogain kunde vara en bra behandling för missbruk. För att kunna besvara detta har kvalitativa intervjuer genomförts med fyra personer som genomgått Ibogain-behandling och en psykolog/psykoterapeut på en beroendeklink, Lars Lundell. Utöver dessa intervjuer har en klinik i London besökts som utför Ibogain-behandling. På kliniken gjordes en observationsstudie av behandlingen, samt intervjuer med klinikchefen Dr Brackenridge och en av hans patienter, i uppsatsen kallad Will. Studiens perspektiv utgår från informanterna och våra egna observationer om Ibogain-behandling.

The aim of this paper is to elucidate and analyze history teacher's didactic choices in the conflict between unequal educational materials and the requirements of equality in the curriculum of Swedish secondary school. The empirical data consists of interviews with five secondary school history teachers, observations of their lessons as well as analysis of their tests. The starting point was to investigate teachers' didactic work in the role as a bridge between the non-equal historiography presented in textbooks in history and the curriculum?s demands for equality. Three different approaches have been observed in the teachers' didactic work when considering gender perspective into their teaching: that women become extensions in a male-dominated historiography; that another part of the story is presented when a gender perspective is considered; and that the gender perspective is included in history teaching and becomes an integral part of all the content of the subject.Several of the teachers acknowledged that gender equality is less prioritized than the courses core content and related assessment criteria.

Deep litter is a system for animals kept in separate stalls, loafing and bedding in wind shelters. The litter can consist of different bedding, like straw and peat. The system is allowed to build over and to ensure optimal proportions it is necessary to add new straw regularly and to have good conditions. Important conditions are aerobic state, humidity, amount of organic substance and acceptable temperatures in the litter. The micro organisms are depending on temperature for their living conditions and to get the bottom layer in the litter to start burning.

The aims of the study were to investigate the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in chicken and chicken products, and to investigate farmer awareness of antibiotic resistance development. The study was conducted in the Can Tho province in Vietnam during six weeks in October to November 2008. Ninety-six samples from raw chickens were collected from twelve market places and analysed for the presence of Campylobacter. A total of 96 cloacal swabs from 20 farms were obtained and analysed for the presence of Campylobacter. Farmers were asked to answer eight questions concerning the housing of the chickens, modes of handling sick animals as well as use and knowledge of antibiotics and resistance development to antibiotics.

I have always been told that form follows function. But does it have to be that way? I decided to see it  from another angle.Kinesics is a term form non verbal komunication. In my thesis project I have been working with body language in furniture.  I believe that furniture, just like us, has an expression and a character. We often tend to desccribe furniture with the same words as we describe people, for example: "A relaxed chair" or "a cocky table".

Mellan yta och form är ett examensarbete i smyckekonst, påkandidatnivå som undersöker vad en monoton bearbetning av metall kan resultera i. Jag har använt mig av en puns för att göra avtryck i tunt utvalsad plåt. Det bildas små gropar i metallen, sakta växer en nystruktur fram och den tunna plåten blir hård av bearbetningen.Jag har undersökt relationen mellan den enskilda pricken och den yttre formen på plåten, vad händer med ytan när jag går upp i storlek och inom vilken form ska denna yta befinna sig i? Hur förhåller sig den nya ytan till den gamla? Och hur blir ytan bärbar? Bland annat dessa frågor har varit underlag för mitt arbete, men under processens gång harmycket annat kommit till. Tankar och reflektioner kring mitt arbete, framförallt vad bearbetning av metall innebär för mig, upprepningens effekt på arbetet och min fascination för förvandlingen av materialet har varit framträdande..

The aim of this bachelor-thesis is to study how the City Library in Norrköping, in collaboration with the outpatient centre, Gränden, has assisted people with substance abuse problems through a bibliotherapeutic reading circle known as, Människor mellan raderna (People between the lines). My theoretical framework is based upon Ruth M. Tews and Berth Danermark?s theories. Tew states that in order to create a well-functioning team consisting of various professional competences, each individual needs to possess certain character traits including the ability to contribute with their unique competence and an openness to receive and absorb the other participants? contributions.

Problem Discussion: Today the banks manage three central products: mutual funds, mortgages and bank accounts. Banks have authority and credibility, the services and the products they offer and sell can sometimes be difficult to understand. Customers are offered a large number of investment options with varying risk profiles. These developments have created an increasing need for knowledge and information among customers. The financial advice that the financial firms provides, remains a very important activity from a customer view.

In this essay I present an outline and examination of the Finnish Luther research, withan aim to learn more about some different aspects of Luther?s teaching on justificationas sanctification, and sanctification as the growth of the new man. I will also draw myattention to the formal language of metaphysics, as it is continuously employed by Luther to depict the issues and the content of his reformation theology. Apart from the program of research in Helsinki, I have turned to the writings of Luther himself; and I have as well tried to engage in a broader survey of Luther-scholars, some of which seem to, or in fact, support the Finnish interpretation, others which raise a critical stance towards it. The later portion of the essay picks up on the Finnish critique of dominant 19th and 20th century German Lutheran theologians, such as Albrecht Ritschl and Gerhard Ebeling.

Bakgrund: Sjuksköterskor som arbetar på akutmottagningar möter dagligen patienter som är alkohol- eller narkotikapåverkade. När patienter kommer till akutmottagningen och är påverkade av alkohol eller narkotika förekommer det ofta våld. Det vårdvetenskapliga perspektivet i examensarbetet är Kaséns syn på vårdrelationen och delaktighet. Syfte: Syftet är att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att möta patienter som är påverkade av alkohol eller narkotika på akutmottagning. Metod: Sex narrativa intervjuer har genomförts med sjuksköterskor som arbetar på en akutmottagning i mellersta Sverige.