This essay aims to investigate the use of an origin-ID within the Beaker Complex, as defined by John C. Barrett, seen through their different expressions of use in ceramic form and ornamentation, architecture and landscape through time and space with special emphasis on the late Neolihtics in the South of England. The analytic vehicle "the reinforcing circle" is used as a new diffusion model suggested by Stuart Needham, and the analytic tool "incubation" is used to structure the process the Beaker-cultures may have used to reach cultural hegemony. Id est, that the Beaker-cultures socially invites already existing cultures, offering within family and trading the results of new technolo­gies. And/or, occupy the space and use the authority needed by re-writing the narrative as seen in the grave use and grave deposits.

The fundamental freedoms and human rights is something the countries, and its citizens, of theEuropean Union more or less take for granted. However, in recent years these rights have become atopic of discussion in the way that a debate about the Islamic headscarves has developed. Thisdebate has resulted in that a number of countries, including France, have taken legislative measuresto ban clothing that fully covers ones face. Out of these bans a discussion has arisen concerning thefundamental freedoms and human rights. These burqa bans, as it is labeled in the pubic debate, havebeen accused to wrongfully limit the individuals freedoms and human rights.This study therefore has the aim to analyze these burqa bans in relation to the European Union,United Nations and the Council of Europe?s general declarations concerning the fundamentalfreedoms and basic human rights.The main result of this study shows that these bans in fact is not a proportionally restrict in thefundamental freedoms and human rights.

The fundamental freedoms and human rights is something the countries, and its citizens, of theEuropean Union more or less take for granted. However, in recent years these rights have become atopic of discussion in the way that a debate about the Islamic headscarves has developed. Thisdebate has resulted in that a number of countries, including France, have taken legislative measuresto ban clothing that fully covers ones face. Out of these bans a discussion has arisen concerning thefundamental freedoms and human rights. These burqa bans, as it is labeled in the pubic debate, havebeen accused to wrongfully limit the individuals freedoms and human rights.This study therefore has the aim to analyze these burqa bans in relation to the European Union,United Nations and the Council of Europe?s general declarations concerning the fundamentalfreedoms and basic human rights.The main result of this study shows that these bans in fact is not a proportionally restrict in thefundamental freedoms and human rights.

The study examines conceptions of identity among girls with foreign background. The aim was to study how identity is understood by the girls based on ethnicity, images of the origin, the value of gender and the meaning of the family. The theoretical approach was post-colonial theory based on Stuart Hall in combination with gender theory by Yvonne Hirdman. The study was conducted using qualitative individual interviews of open character with six girls. They were aged 17-18 years old and were born in Sweden or had lived here since the age of six.

This master?s thesis is about freedom of information ideas in the European Union data retention directive, 2006/24/EC. The directive means that data about electronic communications services will be retentioned. The aim of the thesis is to examine what ideas related to freedom of information that appear in the directive and how these ideas belong to the ideology of freedom of information that is common within the library community and to the juridical restrictions. In the light of surveillance tendencies that have occurred over the last years, the most well-known is probably the USA Patriot Act, it is interesting to study how freedom of information ideas appears when surveillance is legislated.

This essay ? Discourse and Dissonance ? deals with Mary Shelley?s gothic novel Frankenstein; or, the Modern Prometheus (1818). The focal point is the construction of ?Them and Us?, as defined by scholars such as Stuart Hall, viewed in terms of the following categories: race, gender and family, class, and sexuality. Rather than applying an outside perspective, e.g.

Sverigedemokraterna tog plats i Sveriges riksdag i valet 2010. I detta land, där invandring länge tillbaka har varit en naturlig del av samhället och där endast ett invandrarkritiskt parti tidigare suttit i riksdagen har nu ett främlingsfientligt parti tagit plats. Denna uppsats söker att förklara hur texterna i partiets medlemstidning, SD-Kuriren, har förändrats.Genom att analysera 7 texter från 1988?1994 och 7 texter från 2008?2010 försöker jag att se hur denna förändring tar sig uttryck. Fokus ligger på texter som handlar om invandrare och brott, även om några texter som också tas upp kretsar kring den svenska identiteten.

Syftet med det här arbetet är att få reda på hur barn, femåringar respektive sjuåringar, märker av genusperspektivet i reklam riktad till dem. Jag har använt mig av gruppintervjuer där jag tillsammans med barn undersökt hur barn reflekterar över genusperspektivet i reklamen riktad till barn. Frågeställningarna har undersökts genom fem olika reklamavsnitt som vänder sig till barn. Uppsatsens teoretiska perspektiv vilar på en grund från genusvetenskapen och socialiseringsprocessen. Resultatet av min analys där jag använt mig av gruppintervjuer, visar att barn ser genusperspektivet och enligt femåringarna så är det färgen som mest visar vem reklamen är riktad till.

Denna uppsats behandlar bilder från Jämtlands län och tolkar dessa utifrån en bildanalysmodell. Texten är en i kandidatuppsats i landsbygdsutveckling. Syftet med uppsatsen är att avtäcka de diskurser som omgärdar foton från Jämtlandsregionen. Det teoretiska ramverket utgörs av Norman Faircloughs kritiska diskursanalys samt Stuart Halls begrepp representation och ligger till grund för uppsatsen. Materialet består av insamlade bilder från Jämtlands län i tre olika kategorier; turism, in-landsrörelsen samt privatpersoners bilder. De utvalda fotona tolkas genom en analysmodell där tyngpunkten ligger på själva språket som förmedlas i bilderna.

The aim of this Master?s thesis is to examine how representations of identity construction are performed through the characters in the novel Snabba Cash by author Jens Lapidus. I examine what means the characters are using, and how the identity construction processes are related to the idea of modern society. For a theoretical background I use sociologist Anthony Giddens? theories regarding modernity and self-identity, to study general identity construction.

Titel: Supernatural- Fans, tolkningsprocesser och meningsskapandeNivå: C-uppsats inom Medie- och kommunikationsvetenskapFörfattare: Marie Louise Öhman och Johanna ÖstlundHandledare: Anna EdinExaminator: Eva Åsén EkstrandDatum: juni 2013Syfte: Studera fansens tolkningar, engagemang och meningsskapande med fokus på den amerikanska TV-serien Supernatural.    Teori: Analysera fansens tolkningsprocesser utifrån Stuart Halls Encodning/Decoding- modell och de tre tolkningssätten, dominant, förhandlande och oppositionell läsning.  Metod: Kvalitativundersökning. Med ett antal enkätfrågor som besvarades av 43 respondenter. För att nå ut till fansen annonserade vi efter respondenter via internetforumet Tumblr.Resultat/slutsatser: Av våra respondenter gjorde majoriteten en förhandlande läsning av TV-serien.

Jag ville undersöka förhållandet mellan en fotografs specifika intentioner gällande manipulering av bildspråkets aspekter och personers tolkningar av dessa aspekter i fotografiska bilder. Jag lät fem personer enskilt tolka åtta manipulerade bilder. Aspekterna i bilderna är kopplade till teorier som berättar vad de specifika manipuleringarna innebär. Jag utgick från Encoding/Decoding-modellen av Stuart Hall som tittar på hur mottagare tolkar ideologiska meningar. Den lät mig se att samtliga av de intervjuade tolkade bilderna på sitt egna vis och inte i den riktning jag ville de skulle tolka dem.

Undersökningens syfte är att ta reda på vilka uppfattningar och tolkningar underklädesföretaget Liaison Dangereuse skapar genom sin senaste reklamfilm, ?Sexiness for everyone. Everywhere?, och om dessa uppfattas olika beroende på tolkarens bakgrund.  Frågeställning: I studien har jag ställt frågor kring hur kvinnan framställs i reklamfilmen och om publikens olika kulturella ursprung och bakgrundsideologi har någon påverkan i deras tolkningsprocess.   Metod/Teori: Med hjälp av tidigare forskning om utformning och berättelsens form av reklam och Stuart Halls encoding/decoding modell har jag genomfört en receptionsanalys.

This essay ? Discourse and Dissonance ? deals with Mary Shelley?s gothic novel Frankenstein; or, the Modern Prometheus (1818). The focal point is the construction of ?Them and Us?, as defined by scholars such as Stuart Hall, viewed in terms of the following categories: race, gender and family, class, and sexuality. Rather than applying an outside perspective, e.g.

Purpose/Aim: Exhibitions in cultural-historical museums have traditionally been object-centered and associated with one-way communication. The aim of this thesis is to gain knowledge about how exhibition producers ? and educationalists at swedish cultural-historical museums today relate to communication in exhibitions from a communication scientific perspective.Material/Method: The method of the thesis is interviews exhibition producers ? and educationalists at five swedish cultural-historical museums about how they work with communication issues in exhibitions. The empiricism gained from the interviews have been analyzed from a communication scientific angle, using two communication theories as idealtypes for communication processes; Shannon and Weaver´s model and Stuart Hall´s encoding/decoding-theory.Main results: Communication in exhibitions have developed, much due to the use of more channels for communicating with the visitors and the acknowledgement of the visitor as an active subject in interpreting the exhibitions and their message.Despite this development, communication in exhibitions still have features of a one-way communication. The main feature is the lack of possibilities for visitors to communicate their interpretations and point of views of the exhibition back to the exhibition producers.