In this work I have tried to reconstruct the forest history within Särna-Idre forest common in northern Dalarna from the 19th century until present time. The Särna-Idre region has been an extensively used landscape for a long time. Pollen which indicates grazing has been found in samples orginating from the 10th century. Early travellers from the 18th and 19th centuries seem to have been passing trough a "used" landscape. Burned forests on naked ground are described as common. Also large areas are mentioned as undisturbed with lots of large trees, snags and dead wood.

Sedan Kol- och stålunionens grundande 1951 och fram till Europeiska unionen av idag har såväl antalet politikområden som antalet medlemsländer ökat i takt med att samarbetet utvecklats. EU består sedan utvidgningen 2004 av 25 medlemsländer och fler länder är intresserade av medlemskap samtidigt som det i unionen verkar finnas en oro för utvidgning. En intressant utmaning vid framtida utvidgningar är det faktum att de flesta länder utanför unionen har en svag ekonomi. Dessutom finns en diskussion inom unionen gällande Turkiets eventuella medlemskap där religionsfrågan har stått i fokus. Samtidigt står det i såväl EU-fördraget som i förslaget till konstitution för EU att unionen ska vara öppen för alla europeiska länder.

The Swedish Transport Administration manage nearly 4,000 railway bridges in different condition and age around the country. These bridges is in constant need of maintenance and requires continuous inspections. This thesis is designed as a damage investigation on a single-track railway bridge south of Solvarbo in Säter municipality. The railway bridge is in operation and serves over 10,000 trains a year, everything from speed trains to freight trains. The bridge is built as a beam bridge, simply supported over a road.

Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) has for many years been used in products to reduce their flammability, mainly in electronic products, textiles and construction materials. In 2003, Sweden imported 300 tons of brominated flame retardants. Leakage of these compounds has polluted natural environments. Fishes has shown increased contents of these substances, especially fat fish, since brominated flame retardants tends to accumulate in fatty tissues. They are also regarded as persistent and that gives them the ability to travel long distances. What also is really scary is that increased levels of brominated flame retardants have been detected in human breast milk. The knowledge of the brominated flame retardants is limited and not so much research has been done in this field. There are many reasons though, to keep the research going. Partly their structural resemblance to well-known toxics as PCB, but also their ability to accumulate in biological systems and enrich in food chains. In which way they affect humans we really don?t know yet.

Boulognerskogen is a park in the central of Skövde that have had a health resort, paths for strolling, outdoor-bath, outdoor-sport areas and events. During the 1970:th there was a lack of interest for the park and very few visited it. By a motion from a resident in Skövde wich proposes that a city playground will be build in Boulognerskogen gave me an opportunity to investigate how the potential of the park can be used to create a funny and nice place to visit for children in company with adults. By a program that contains the main goals and design program for a city playground in Boulognerskogen, I wanted to present a proposal that could meet childrens needs to play and to use the conditions of the place to create places to play in, and where children in company with adults could be together. To reach this, I wanted to try different methods that could lead to a proposal that was well supported by children and adults, and wich was possible to use by the local authority in their further actions. The methods that I used was therefor an important part of the work. I have choosen to define the concept "city playground" as a greater playground situated in the center of the town that are suitable for outings and as a meetingplace, with a varation in playground attractions and promote children and adults to be together, aiming at younger children in the ages of 1-10 years in company with adults, but should also give space to activities of other groups.

För det första är avsikten att genomföra en idéanalys av definitioner och användning av begreppet välbefinnande inom den tillämpade forskningen som studerar välbefinnandebland äldre. Denna analys möjliggör en undersökning av vilka antaganden som måste göras för att en viss definition och användning av begreppet ska vara möjlig, samt vilka konsekvenser detta får för en fruktbar förståelse och förklaring av fenomenet välbefinnande. För det andra är avsikten att försöka vidareutveckla den teoretiska förståelsen för hur resultaten i studierna kan förstås. Frågan gäller vad det är som mäts.För att uppnå studiens syften har följande frågor varit vägledande: 1) Hur definieras och används begreppetvälbefinnande i den empiriska forskningen som studerar välbefinnande i relation till åldrande? 2) Är det möjligt att identifiera några grundläggande antaganden om relationen mellan människa, välbefinnande och samhälle som följer av de empiriska studiernas definition och användning av begreppet välbefinnande? 3) Vilka möjligheter och begränsningar i relation till fruktbara förklaringar följer av definitionerna och användningen av begreppet välbefinnande? 4) Förändras de möjligheter och begränsningar som identifierats när de tolkas och rekontextualiseras i relation till den analytiska dualismens antaganden om relationen mellanmänniska och samhälle? 5) Vad är de empiriska studiernas resultat ett fall av?Metoden i uppsatsen är en kvalitativ idéanalys.

Racial discrimination is a highly topical and burning issue, of special interest in working life. Most researchers agree on that discrimination is a problem in the Swedish labour market. To counteract the ongoing discrimination, a new Anti-Discrimination Act was founded in 1999. The Racial Discrimination Act although appears to be ineffective on the basis of legal usage. Of all the legal cases about racial discrimination in the labour market, there has only been one sentence of guilty stated by the Swedish Labour Court.

The past and ongoing structural change in Swedish agriculture has led to an increasing number of large-scale farms. The biological factors associated with large-scale farming operations may cause increasing variability, risk and reduced yields due to sub-optimal timing and management of field operations. The theory of economies of scale suggests that largescale production may benefit from lower costs due to scale efficiencies. Thus, large-scale farms may face cost reductions in terms of long term inputs factors, e.g. agricultural machinery.

Wildlife contributes with many benefits to humans but also brings economic costs. From being eradicated in Scandinavia the grey wolf (Canis lupus) is returning to South-Western Sweden and people are not used to its presence. In Scandinavia carnivores have to co-occur with humans in a landscape used for many different interests. Consequences of wolf establishments are e.g. competition for moose, depredation on sheep and attacks on hunting dogs.

I kursen TMMT06, Maskinteknik ? projektkurs, genomförs ett obligatoriskt projekt. Projektet utförs som kandidatexamensjobb i studentpar och delas i detta fall av tre kandidatpar. Det projekt som detta kandidaterbete ingår i behandlar dimensionering av bärplan och deras prestanda. Kandidatarbetet är riktat mot en hållfasthetsanalys av bärplansstag för statiska fall under inverkan av genererad lyftkraft och strömningsmotstånd.Syftet med kandidatarbetet är att skapa ett konstruktionsunderlag till det projekt som delas av kandidatparen.

Alimak Hek tillverkar och säljer bl a kuggstångshissar. Kuggstångshissar skiljer sig från konventionella linhissar genom att de inte lyfts av vajrar, utan vandrar längs en kuggstång. Detta innebär att hissarna kan bära drivningen i direkt sammanknytning till hisskorgen, vilket i sin tur medför att de snabbt kan resas och användas även i svåra miljöer. Eftersom de inte behöver lyftas av en vajer är de kapabla att lyfta högt och tungt.Men likt andra typer av hissar är kravet på säkerhet högt, bl a måste hissarna utrustas med en nödbroms, kapabel att bromsa hissen om nöden kräver. Alimak Hek använder idag nödbromsar som bygger på en konstruktion som ursprungligen utvecklades på 70-talet, men genom årens lopp har tillägg gjorts för att klara nya krav.

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is an important but unusual cause of chronic respiratory disease of young dogs. The purpuse of this paper is to study and present internationally publicated papers on PCD in dogs and present three dogs, in which PCD was suspected. PCD has been reported in many dog breeds as well as in people. In dogs an humans, PCD is caused by inborn genetical defects which causes structural and functional abnormalities of cilia in the respiratory organs and other cilia in the body. Situs inversus occurs in about half the cases in people and probably in dogs as well. Respiratory signs usually predominate.

The competitiveness and profitability of swedish farm enterprises is frequently discussed in agricultural media. Increased exposure to the surrounding world with greater competitive pressure and considerable price fluctuations in the agricultural markets demand new ways of acting to secure the agricultural sector?s long-term survival and profitability. Structural change and/or diversification leads to increased numbers of stake-holders around the farm enterprise and thereby also the expectations of the farmers ability to lead and coordinate resources. Lean is the name of a management model developed by Toyota, influenced by the lack of resources in Japan during the post WWII period.

Thesis completed by Johan Arvidsson, Alex Rasooli and Pontus Winroth, students at master program Product development and Design at the School of Engineering in Jönköping Sweden. The project comprises 30 ECTS credits and was carried out during the semester in the autumn of 2007.It was carried out in cooperation with Eksjöverken AB, subcontractor within the truck industry with special knowledge within the area of complicated machinery construction work. Job initiators at Eksjöverken were Mats Svanberg and Kjell Nygard. Dag Holmgren was acting as a tutor from the university. The task was to develop tools for trucks, primary toolboxes but in case of time also under run protection.

Att filmens värld skapar magi är ett faktum som inte kan förnekas, i film efter film dras vi som tittare in i äventyr, komplexa historier och dramatiska stunder. I kombination med förtrollande musik till dessa scener får filmerna oss att gråta, skratta eller till och med att häpnas. Men hur kommer det sig egentligen att vi låter oss bli så förförda? Och hur kan filmskaparna konstruera dessa världar dit vi sugs in?Mycket har självklart med teknik att göra och människans kontinuerliga uppfinningsrikedom, inte bara via den tekniska utvecklingen utan även genom de berättelser som människan har skrivit och som har berättats sedan den mänskliga tidens begynnelse. Denna studie kommer att ta upp vissa delar av filmens historia och uppkomst samt hur animering tillkom och hur den har påverkat branschen.