Purpose: The study examines the risk a rising from the acquisition of shares, and its relation to the expected return. We would like to see how a high-risk portfolio is related to a low-risk portfolio. Although studying the portfolios annual performance.Theory: The theories that have been used in the study are, Capital asset pricing model, CAPM and portfolio theory.Method: The study is based on a quantitative method, the time interval is from 2008 to 2010.The annual reports, historical stock prices for companies and the index are used to perform calculations based on the essay theories.Conclusion: The beta value has positive liner correlation with the expected return. When there are bad times in the world, the companies are negatively affected regardless of industry. The Portfolios developed in the same direction during the time period..

Konkurrenskraftiga organisationer behöver effektiva teams som kan möta omvärldens krav. För att få effektiva arbetsgrupper behöver medlemmarna ha tilltro till den egna och gruppens förmåga. Forskning om samarbetsrelationernas kvalitet, mätt som team-member-exchange (TMX), har visat att hög TMX ökar tilltro till den egna förmågan. Oenighet råder dock om vilken effekt skillnader inom grupper i TMX har på tilltro till förmåga. I denna studie undersöktes hur TMX och TMX-differentiering påverkar tilltro till egen och gruppens förmåga.

Uppva?rmningen av klimatet resulterar i att havsniva?n stiger globalt. Detta riskerar att fa? omfattande sociala, ekonomiska och ekologiska konsekvenser, i synnerhet fo?r omra?den som angra?nsar mot kusten. I Sverige har kommunerna planmonopol och fo?rva?ntas ta ett stort ansvar fo?r klimatanpassning.

Denna studie behandlar tågmästarnas upplevelser av företagskultur och yrkesroll i omorganiseringen 2003/2004, vid SJ AB Stockholm. Det empiriska materialet bygger på kvalitativa forskningsintervjuer med sju tågmästare, som arbetade ombord på x2000 under omorganiseringen.I analys av empirin har vi kunnat se indikatorer på att företagskulturen påverkar tågmästarnas upplevelser av omorganisering. Utifrån deras syn på den aktuella omorganiseringen, tolkar vi det som att förändringar som inte överrensstämmer med grundläggande värderingar och normer i en existerad företagskultur bemöts med ett visst motstånd. Titeln ? en perser och resten flygvärdinnor? är ett citat från en av de intervjuade och vi anser att den ger en illustration över tågmästarnas tankar i omorganiseringen 2003/2004.

This master thesis sets out to compare the different public transport modes in Stockholm city.Both energy consumption and air pollution are compared. The chosen transport methods are car,bus and metro.Traditionally the rail industry has had environmental arguments as a strong competitiveadvantage when it comes to passenger transportation. However, in recent years the automotiveindustry has been getting more positive media attention regarding environmental issues, forexample Roger Kemp?s statement that the car is the most environmental friendly passengertransportation mode in the UK. This study will show the environmental advantages of railwaytraffic in cities.The energy sources of the world are not endless and the use of the different sources affects theenvironment in different ways.

Sammanfattning Uppsatsens Titel: Veckodagseffekten på OMX Stockholm 30 Index Seminariedatum: 2007-06-07 Ämne/kurs: FEK 582 Kandidatuppsats, 10 poäng Författare: Amer Demo, Huso Musovic, Ken Persson Handledare: Göran Anderson Fem nyckelord: anomali, veckodagseffekt, regressionsanalys, effektiva marknadshypotesen, hypotetisk-deduktiv metod Syfte: Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka om det förekommer någon veckodagseffekt på OMX Stockholm 30 Index under perioden 2000-2006. Ett annat syfte är att bidra med mer kunskap gällande anomalier och veckodagseffekter. Metod: Uppsatsen utgår ifrån hypotetisk-deduktiv metod, vilket innebär att vi använder oss av redan kända teorier för att härleda en eller flera hypoteser som sedan testas mot empiriskt data. Denna hypotesprövning kommer att genomföras genom en regressionsanalys. Teoretiskt perspektiv: Uppsatsen har som utgångspunkt den effektiva marknadshypotesen (EMH) som teori.

I Sverige har det under de senaste åren florerat en intensiv debatt i det offentliga samtalet, angående närvaron av tiggande EU-migranter från Östeuropa i svenska städer. Konflikten påvisar att fenomenet tiggeri är något som upplevs som väldigt ovanligt och nytt i Sverige. Syftet med den här studien var därför att utföra en diskursanalys kring hur invånare i Stockholm förstod fenomenet tiggeri under våren 2014. Genom att utföra fenomenologiska livsvärldsintervjuer med 30 stockholmare ? en heterogen sampel ? identifierades flera övergripande diskurser, då tiggeriet i Stockholm definierades som ett rumsligt fenomen som har överskridit normativa gränsdragningar på den urbana platsen.

This paper presents the results of a workplace study of two smaller companies in the design industry. The core issue has been to investigate the companies use of technical tools and to what extent social praxis influence the daily work. The methods used are based on a qualitative analysis of interviews and observations. Various kind of work procedures, such as verbal and computerized, have been identified, but the most important occurrence was how spontaneous conversations between employees required certain flexibility, since the actors repeatedly were required to change focus and quickly perceive different information. For that reason, a thesis has been defined regarding how the use of spontaneous communication put an indirect need of a flexible working environment and also how this lead to more significant participation and exchange of information, as well as more awareness at the companies..

The aim of the study is to learn more about the way preschool teachers work with Information and Communication Technology(ICT). More specifically, this study aims to explore how preschool teachers describe their experience of ICT, the conditions and opportunities to work with ICT, and their own knowledge and competence in the use of digital tools with preschool children. The research method consists of interviews with preschool teachers and observations at five municipal preschools in Stockholm as well as an analysis of the relevant passages in the Curriculum for the Preschool and the Curriculum of Stockholm city. This study shows that there seems to be great variation in the amount of ICT tools present in preschools. Preschool teachers expect a lot from ICT, and the improvements that it can make on their work.

The purpose with our study is to create an understanding of how tourism stakeholders within a tourism network can affect a Destination Marketing/Management Organization?s (DMO?s) work with the destination branding process. To fulfill this purpose we have clarified different relationships that can influence the DMO?s place marketing. In order to limit our study we have chosen to focus on two Swedish destinations, Öland and Norrköping, and their DMO?s.

During the 17th century the production and distribution of printed works increased in Stockholm and Uppsala. However, all works that the publisher wanted to print, did not reach the reader. This thesis aimed to show when, where and how printed books and dissertations did not reach the reader. To achieve this aim, aspects of several well known models showing systems of book production and distribution were combined and adapted to suit Swedish conditions in the 17th century. This combined model focused on processes of selection and was presented and used as a theoretical approach.

I Vara kommun samverkar både stat, region, kommun och medborgare i ett projekt för att få fiberbredband på landsbygden. Ett stort förändringsprojekt som involverar många människor och som behöver kommuniceras på ett bra sätt för att skapa förståelse, motivation och engagemang. Syftet med den här uppsatsen har varit att beskriva förändringskommunikation och att kartlägga olika aktörer och kommunikationskanaler som kan vara involverade i en förändringsprocess. Dessutom har syftet varit att få ta del av upplevelsen av den kommunikation som har skett i det här förändringsprojektet i Vara kommun. Studiens fokus resulterade i en kvalitativ design och urvalet av respondenterna som svarade på upplevelsen av kommunikationen gjordes utifrån de föreningsrepresentanter som har varit aktiva i projektet.

The master thesis deals with three completely different areas: the place, the light and the design, which all are parts of the subject landscape architecture. The Place in this paper is the graveyard, the Light is the artificial and the Design is an illumination. The common denominator is the graveyard at Galärvarvet in Stockholm, Galärvarvskyrkogården, where the three parts meet in a clear and outspoken need of new lighting. The problem formulation is: Is it possible for a graveyard to be looked upon and used as a park? How do the administrators and the designers reason in this matter and what are the consequences for example the illumination at a graveyard? This is being investigated and discussed in general and thereafter the thesis is specifically focussed on the needs and solutions for the graveyard at Galärvarvet. The thesis, which is mainly based on facts from litterature, location studies and interviews, contains of pure parts of fact, discussion parts, different types of analyses, reflections of the author, illustrations and photos from the graveyard at Galärvarvet and also a lighting proposal for the graveyard and its close environment. The purpose of this work is to show the connection between the usage of the graveyard and its illumination. All to simplify for the administrators, planners and designers. Hopefully this thesis will be of use in the deciscion making process for future lighting projects for the graveyard administration in Stockholm as a basis for their discussion and decision process for future lighting projects..

The purpose of our study is to find out if insiders in Sweden generate abnormal earnings through insider trades. We want to pinpoint the cause for abnormal earnings by dividing transactions after company market value, size of the trade and type of insider. A quantitative approach using the market model have been used. We have conducted an event study over two short term event windows. We conclude that insiders in Sweden generate positive abnormal earnings for sales and negative for purchases in our ?long? event window.

The Baltic Sea is one of the world?s most polluted seas. Increased discharge of nutrients due to greater populations of people, together with a slow water exchange, creates great stress on the sea. Too much nutrients leads to increased growth of algae and causes problem in the ecosystem. Even if we reduce nutrient discharge the problem still exist in the ocean. When algae dies and sinks, more nutritional substances is produced called "internal eutrophication". This phenomenon will grow in the future due to a warmer climate and the problem is spreading towards the coastal zone, which is an important site for fish recreation. By removing the abundance of algae, the nutritional and toxic substances are reduced and the algae biomass can be a future resource for biofuel production..