The aim of this study is to examine how European companies? stock price is affected by an announcement about foreign direct investment in one of the BRIC countries. Another aim for the study is to examine if the market reacts differently to the three modes of entry methods in a given BRIC country and to examine if the market reacts differently to different European countries. The study also set out to answer if there were any effects of the three modes of entry that was visible a short time after the announcement. To answer and examine this, the authors used the event study approach. The study was conducted with a sample of 47 companies from France, Norway, Spain, Sweden and Germany.

Bakgrund: Affärspressen publicerar dagligen rekommendationer och riktkurser från aktieanalytiker och dess analyser kan anses ligga till grund för investeringsbeslut hos såväl privata som institutionella investerare. Aktieanalytikers förmåga att prognostisera aktiekurser är ett outforskat område med endast ett fåtal publicerade studier på variabeln riktkurs. Tidigare studier fokuserar på att utvärdera träffsäkerheten i prognoserna men få av dessa bidrar till förståelse kring vad som påverkar prognosfelens storlek.Syfte: Syftet med studien är att analysera aktieanalytikers förmåga att prognostisera framtida aktiekurser.Genomförande: Studiens deduktiva ansats gör att resultat från tidigare studier ligger till grund för formulering av forskningsfrågor och utformning av tänkbara påverkansfaktorer för träffsäkerhet. Träffsäkerheten i riktkurserna analyseras via regressionsanalys där det absoluta prognosfelet är beroende variabel medan de formulerade påverkansfaktorerna är förklarande variabler. Vidare studeras en eventuell närvaro av överoptimism i prognoserna genom att undersöka fördelningen av det relativa prognosfelet via T-test.Resultat: Aktieanalytikers riktkurser påverkas av flertalet faktorer, där ett bolags storlek och beta uppvisar tydligast samband med träffsäkerheten.

The environmental work of companies has become an incredibly important factor in achieving reduced levels of environmental pollution. For companies the work on environmental issues began in the 1980s. During this time companies also began to show interest for the personnel, an interest that was shown in the form of attempts to disclose personnel information in economics. Earlier this information was separated from the financial information, despite the fact that the revenues are created by the employees.The purpose of this paper is to examine how well companies with a notification or a permit today account for environmental- and personnel information in their director?s report.

The survey Distanshandeln idag 2005, made by the Swedish postal service, tells us that web shops started to pop up in the 1990´s and began competing with the catalogue sells in the end of the decade. Ten years ago, it was said that the web shops would take over the distance trade market. Today we know that did not happen. Internet shopping accounted for 4, 2 % of all distance shopping in Sweden last year. Our inquiry is guided by the observation that the catalogue is still in use and moreover, it seems to have changed very little from when we were kids.

Den beteendebaserade finansiella teorin framför vikten av att undersöka människan i desshelhet. Detta är något som de klassiska finansiella teorierna ignorerar då de anser attmänniskor handlar fullständigt rationellt. Då investerare på aktiemarknaden influeras av dess tidigare erfarenheter samt information är det av vikt att undersöka och förstå hur individen agerar på aktiemarknaden inför investeringsbeslut. För att kunna besvara denna fråga har en webbaserad enkätundersökning använts där urvalet består av medlemmar från Sveriges Aktiesparares riksförbund. De resultat som framkommit ur undersökningen tyder på att majoriteten av respondenterna på den svenska aktiemarknaden aktivt undviker att försätta sig i risksituationer där de står inför en förlust eller möjligheten att ångra ett beslut de fattat.

Immateriella tillgångar har blivit allt viktigare i en globaliserad värld med stora företag som investerar och agerar i olika länder. En viktig immateriell tillgång är varumärken. För att kunna värdera ett varumärkes värde finns det flera finansiella metoder. En ny standard, ISO 10668 Requirements for monetary brand valuation, utgavs av ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 1 september 2010. Syftet med denna standard är att på ett tillförlitligt sätt kunna värdera varumärken under sin uppbyggnad, vid eventuella tvister samt vid ett företagsförvärv.

Biogas mainly consists of methane and carbon dioxide, where methane is theenergy-rich gas, and is naturally created when organic matter breaks down in absenceof oxygen, also known as anaerobic digestion. A biogas plant re-creates the anaerobicconditions inside a digester where the organic substrate is fed into and digests toproduce biogas. The gas is then used to produce energy by combustion and can beseen as a completely renewable fuel.Today, energy from biogas is used primarily by major stakeholders such asmunicipalities and thus the plants become very large with high investment- andconstruction costs. There are currently few small plants in Sweden, even though thepotential for agriculture and medium-sized to smaller farms to become self-sufficientin terms of electricity and heat is great. Farms have a natural stock of digestibleorganic material in form of manure or crops for example, which are constantlyavailable.

In a time when economic crises relieving one another, it is especially interesting to study how companies choose to finance their operations. Since there is a lack of studies that include banks, and their capital structures, with the rest of the finance market, it is uncertain whether the theories of capital structure are applicable. Therefore, this essay aims to study whether there is any correlation between the two variables debt-equity ratio and return on equity (ROE) for Swedish corporations on the finance market.In accordance with the theorems that the professors Modigliani and Miller filed, in 1958 and 1961, which describes a clear link between debts, increase corporate value through the tax shield and indirectly increased yields. Although these theorems are the foundation of the modern research they focus on perfect markets. Therefore, this paper has also chosen to place great emphasis on theories such as Trade-off and Pecking-order.

Denna uppsats bygger på en kvantitativ studie där svenska börsnoterade företag undersöks. Syftet med uppsatsen är att ta reda på i vilken utsträckning olika investeringsmetoder används och att undersöka vilka variabler som påverkar användningen av dessa metoder. Vårt syfte är även att undersöka hur förändringen i användandet av metoderna över tiden ser ut bland svenska börsnoterade företag. Vi fokuserar på att undersöka huruvida företag blivit mer sofistikerade i sina investeringsbeslut.I studien har statistiska undersökningar gjorts baserade på en enkätundersökning. Både så kallade t-test och chi-2 test har använts för att finna signifikanta skillnader i användandet av olika metoder bland olika företagsgrupper.

Corn is an important food and feed crop in the world, in Sweden it?s up till now grown on limited acreages mainly for silage. But I think it can get more important if you can grow it also for grain, because it?s a good animal feed for example, for life stock-, pigsand poultry. On of corns advantage is that it can produce the same amount of dry matter as for example wheat, barley and rise but with 25% less water. I will examine if it possible to grow corn for grain production in the south of Sweden.

SammanfattningAvregleringen av den finansiella marknaden har skapat förutsättningar för alternativa marknadsplatser. Företag kan i dag välja att notera sig på icke traditionella börser som inte är knutna till en fysisk handelsplats. För att skapa förtroende och långsiktighet för dessa virtuella marknadsplatser krävs det att vikt läggs vid relationen till kunderna. En del i detta är att ta hänsyn till de faktorer som potentiella kunder värderar i valet av marknadsplats. I dag väljer företag att notera sig på O-listan före någon av NGMs listor och väljer man NGMs lista är det enbart för att kraven där har varit lägre.

The objective of a site leasehold is to allow the lessee to occupy a specific plot of land. In return, the lessor imposes an annual ground rent. The ground rent ownership gives the lessor the possibility to capture the increasing in land value. As such, the rent is based on the value of the land multiplied with a percentage that reflects the yield of the land value. It is renegotiated every ten years.

Background: Etiquette has become vital in business relationships. In today?s competitive business climate signs indicate that social competence affect whether a business deal is settled or not. This type of competence could be of crucial importance at a first business meeting and it also plays an important role for future business relationships. Business etiquette is therefore, within the world of business, an interesting area to study.Purpose: The purpose of this essay is to clarify what knowledge and understanding companies, listed on the Swedish stock exchange, possess towards business etiquette, their viewpoint on etiquette education and finally to ascertain whether or not those companies perceive business etiquette to be pivotal to success.Methodology: In order to attain our purpose of this essay we found it most suitable to utilize both a quantitative and qualitative research method.

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to in a comparative and causal way explore whether there is a relationship between risk and return and also how it is perceived on the Nordic financial markets.Theory: The theoretical frame of reference applied in the thesis is considered relevant inthe perspective of the study?s purpose and research questions. We have among other theories used The Capital Asset Pricing Model, The Efficient Market Hypothesis and various Behavioural finance theories.Method: The study has its starting point in a quantitative approach with a quantitative data analysis supported by secondary data extracted from Thomson Reuters.Empirics: The empirics contains regression analyses made from calculated secondary data of 240 randomly chosen companies from Nasdaq OMX Stockholm, NasdaqOMX Copenhagen, Nasdaq OMX Helsinki and Oslo Bors.Conclusion: The study conclusions show that there are both a negative and positive relationship between volatility and actual return on the investigated markets. Considering this prior statement we can conclude that the Capital Asset Pricing Model can?t correctly describe the actual relationship between the parameters investigated on the current sample.

The purpose of this thesis is to examine how the Management Control System is affected by a change in the owner structure from family owned to not-family owned. The study also tries to identify explaining factors behind the possible effects to the Management Control System. The study is based on a comprehensive case study on the company Alcro-Beckers which, in year 2001, was acquired from the owner Lindéngruppen fully owned by Ulf G Lindén. The acquirer was the non-family owned company Kemira OY, a Finnish stock listed group. The empirical foundation mainly comes from interviews conducted with people who were/are directly connected to the company, either as employees or as representatives for the owner.