Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur den ekonomiska prestationen skiljer sig mellan de ideella föreningarna och IdrottsAB som styrs av elitlicensens krav inom fotbollen och ishockeyn.Metod: Vi har i denna jämförande studie använt oss av en kvantitativ metod med en longitudinell design där vi med hjälp av sekundärdataanalys undersökt ideella föreningar och IdrottsAB:s ekonomiska prestationer i utvalda nyckeltal under en femårsperiod.Resultat & slutsats: I denna studie har empirin samlats in genom att beräkna de ideella föreningarnas och IdrottsAB medelvärde på de utvalda nyckeltalen och sedan jämfört dessa resultat mot varandra. Hypotestester har även använts för att se om det fanns någon signifikant skillnad mellan vad de ideella föreningarna och IdrottsAB presterat i de olika nyckeltalen. Vår slutsats var att det inte fanns någon större skillnad mellan de ideella föreningarna och IdrottsAB:s finansiella prestationer men att de ideella föreningarna presterade lite bättre sammantaget..

The aim of this study is to combine queer theories with quantitative methods. In social sciences, queer theories are being widely and increasingly used. Quantitative method is also widely used, and as a traditional method it can be regarded as a cornerstone in social sciences, sociology in particular. However, the two perspectives, queer theories and quantitative method, seem at a first glance to be very different in their understanding of social phenomena. Queer theories have, with some exceptions, mainly focused on qualitative research concerning such phenomena as sexuality, while the field of science is quite diverse.

The aim with this thesis was to investigate how the Swedish newspaper Aftonbladet construct and reproduce imaginations of gender and gender order. An important premise for our work is the agenda theory, which states that media has great impact on what is on their audience mind. We chose to investigate how Aftonbladet wrote about two Swedish footballers, Lotta Schelin and Zlatan Ibrahimovic, during a European championship with each players national team. By using a method of critical discourse analysis based on Teun van Dijks idea and with gender glasses, we analysed eight articles and two chronicles regarding each player.Our results show that Aftonbladet construct and reproduce gender and gender order by its different ways of portraying Lotta Schelin and Zlatan Ibrahimovic. Articles regarding Lotta Schelin tend to be more audience oriented, focus more on her and her teammates emotions and more often focus on things outside her profession as a footballer.

With emphasis on women's magazines and men, this essay will revolve around the image of the ideal woman. Our purpose was to examine whether men have a distinct image regarding the appearance and behaviour of the ideal woman. Next step was to establish whether the women's magazines also presented a specific image to their readers.The answers were found through a qualitative study that included ten men, and through an extensive analysis by women's magazines. The result indicated that both the men questioned and the women's magazines presented a clear view of an ideal woman. The views held by the men, were then compared to the images presented by the women's magazines and were found to be very similar.We used Erving Goffmans sociological theory to describe the actual woman and the ideal images of women that the men questioned and the women's magazines presented.

The Swedish sports retail industry has experienced extensive growth during the last decade, and this has attracted new entrants to the market, both start-ups and international followers. This has inevitably put more pressure on incumbents, which are now confronted with major challenges as how to retain their customers and market shares. Customer loyalty has been proved to be an important factor for customer retention and proposed to constitute inertia of switching behavior. In light of this problematization, the purpose of this study is to describe the underlying factors of loyalty and whether purchase habits could further explain customer loyalty. The aim is also to understand the strategic implications of the factors involved.

Men's violence against women is an issue that exists all over the world. There are several scientists and organisations that work with this issue in one way or another. In Sweden an organisation called ROKS, and a scientist called Eva Lundgren, has been in the limelight for medias attention several times. The impression has been given that Eva Lundgren is a very controversial scientist and that her research is very different from other research about men's violence against women.The aim with this essay is therefore foremost to look at research from different scientists and compare them to Eva Lundgrens research. I found three so called levels about why men use violence against women.

The aim of the study was to a) examine what leader behaviors individual and team athletes prefer and b) examine what leader behaviors men and women prefer. A questionnaire (The Leadership Scale for Sports) was distributed to 168 individuals, from which 130 were included in the study. The data was analyzed in SPSS, in which a three-way and a two-way variance analysis were performed. The results showed that individual athletes preferred the behavior dimensions ?Training and instruction?, ?Positive feedback? and ?Democratic behavior? to a higher degree than did team athletes.

Syftet med studien är att belysa hur unga fotbollsspelande tjejer upplever sin idrott. - Vad vill unga fotbollstjejer att träningarna och verksamheten ska innehålla och hur ska den organiseras för att de ska upprätthålla sitt intresse och stanna kvar?- Vad är viktigt i ledarens agerande för att tjejerna ska trivas?Studien bygger på en kvalitativ metod och genomfördes med 17 tjejer i ett 14-års lag i fyra fokusgruppintervjuer.Resultatet visar att alla tjejer tycker att det roligaste med idrotten är att spela matcher och åka på cuper. De tycker att det är viktigt att vinna, men har de spelat bra och fått visa upp vad de lärt sig så kan de ta en förlust. Kompisarna är en viktig faktor och att ha roligt tillsammans är det som gör att de vill fortsätta att spela fotboll. De tycker att träningarna ska innehålla blandade övningar och att de även där får spela matcher i många olika varianter.

The modern arena as we know it today has its origins from about 100 years ago. Since then a lot of aspects have been changed and developed. Arenas built in the same age tend to have the same features and configurations and can therefore be categorized into different generations. Stockholm is represented in each generation but the fourth that constitutes arenas of the early 21st century. Besides that there has been several arena constructions built through the entire 20th century and now most recently in 2010s.The overall motive behind arena investments can be categorized into two types.

Imagine not being able to choose who you are going to be in an intimate relationship with. It used to be like that but the situation has changed - these days we have a lot of different options available to choose for ourselves how to live our lives. We have a lot of different ways to influence how we want to live our lives and with whom we want to share them with.The aim of this study was to examine how individuals feel about their relationship and why they choose to stay in a relationship with their current partner. How do individuals in a relationship feel about aspects including for example conflicts, communication and trust? Is Anthony Giddens theory about the pure relationship applicable on relationships today? To find the answers to these questions we made a quantitative study and used a questionnaire to collect empirical data.

Syftet med kandidatarbetet är att skapa musik till en folkgrupp som saknar en etablerad musikkultur. För att göra detta valdes folkgrupper ut ur den fiktiva spelvärlden Drakar och Demoner: Trudvang. Fornnordisk kultur var en inspiration till Trudvang och detta studerades för att påvisa likheter till folkgrupperna i Trudvang. Parallellerna mellan de olika kulturerna blev uppsatsens förundersökning. Uppsatsens förundersökning resulterade i att det finns en efterfråga på musik i spelet varpå två folkgrupper från Trudvang valdes ut för gestaltning med musik, alferna och virannerna. Baserat på instrument som samerna och anglosaxarna kunde tänkas använda producerade vi musik till den andra delen av forskningen. Musiken undersöktes genom att dela ut en enkät till erfarna spelare på spelets forum för att bestämma huruvida gestaltningen av alferna och virannerna var lyckad. Resultaten visade att det lämpar sig att gestalta dessa folkgrupper med den producerade musiken och som ett resultat ge dem en musikkultur..

The purpose of this study is to examine how young people with experience of running away and/or getting thrown out look upon and understand the phenomenon. Another purpose of thestudy is to examine how the youth evaluate the help and support they did or did not receive at the time of their experience, as well as to examine what the ultimate help and support would be according to them. The study was done in a qualitative approach with the use of focus groups and individual interviews. The results were analyzed through the perspective of the ?sociology of childhood?.

 This study is made, on behalf of Västerbottens Fotbollsförbund, with the purpose to investigate how the 2008 financial crisis have affected the sponsorship to the voluntary sports sector in the Västerbotten region, with focus on the womens elite football teams. The background of this study was to investigate the effect of the financial crisis to help the voluntary organizations in the future. The study was carried out with a qualitative approach as depth interviews with ten people representing both the voluntary organizations and the sponsoring companies, which one was a previous sponsor. To understand and interpret the result of the interviews we used models such as the stakeholder model, the A-ERIC model and a communication model for sponsorship from literature such as Donaldson and Preston (1995), Mitchell et. al.

Scientific studies show that good leadership is a key factor for group- and individual development. Studies have also shown that the contrary can curb talented individuals and/or cause stagnation, or even cause groups to halt their progression. This essay studies how leaders in musical and athletic environments look on their own leadership. In interviews, the leaders reflect upon experienced issues related to their profession, their views on difficulties in their leading role, as well as individual, and group development. This study also includes two observations, one in each field of profession.