Denna uppsats analyserar bearbetningsfasen vid översättningen av "La protección de los derechos humanos en el Sistema Interamericano. Manual para defensores y defensoras de derechos humanos" som är utgiven av organisationen CEJIL (Center for Justice and International Law) som verkar i Nord- och Sydamerika. Först ges en förberedande textanalys där källtexten och förutsättningarna för översättningen beskrivs. I den följande analysen studeras översättningsproblem som rör textens komplicerade meningsbyggnad och tunga koordinationsfraser. Utifrån olika teorier och artiklar om svenskt klarspråk studeras det vilka strategier som har använts för att skapa en enkel och tydlig text på svenska.

The history of books and libraries in the Philippines starts after the arrival of the Spaniards in 1521. During the Spanish era, most of the libraries were established through the religious orders to support their own religious mission. The Americans came in the beginning of the 20th century and have had a decisive influence on the education system and the development of libraries in the Philippines. For the analysis, I have used the models of Michael H. Harris and Magnus Torstensson in their studies of library development.

The topic of this thesis is immigration policy in the European Union with focus on the Schengen cooperation and illegal immigration. Immigration policies and other policy areas such as asylum and refugee policies have become hot topics on the EU agenda in recent years. Partly because of cooperations like Schengen, but also because a need of a common immigration and asylum policy has emerged.The purpose of the thesis is to give a better understanding of the relations that might be found between illegal immigration to the EU and the Schengen cooperation. Schengen plays an important role in dealing with international migration in the EU and will probably continue to do so in the future.The thesis is a comparative case study with Spain and Germany as the two specific cases. Their national immigration policies are examined and put in relation to the Schengen cooperation.

According to tradition transcribed music is an important part of the repertoar for the classical guitar. Baroque music as well as compositions from the Spanish national romantic era are the two most important sources for transcriptions. My research is aimed at finding answers concerning the relevance of transcribing as well as playing different styles of music on the guitar. Are there any basic rules how these transcriptions should be made? I have chosen to take a closer look at the music of J S Bach as a representative of the baroque period because of the great legacy of his music being played on guitar and lute.

This bachelor of economics paper discuss that the increasing globalization has put the small companies in the Swedish textile and clothing industry in a situation where internationalization has become a necessity. Furthermore has the European Union lead to that this type of companies has to seek growth on foreign markets with great socio cultural distance from the home country, Sweden. Nowadays there?s no time to internationalize in the same course of action like before. Before, the Swedish companies begun their operations abroad in fairly nearby countries and only gradually penetrated more far-flung markets.

Language choice is a required course in years 6-9 of compulsory school. Those who do not wish to study a Modern language of French, Spanish or German may choose language choice English or language choice Swedish instead. These two courses are meant to provide students with additional support and advanced work in those subjects. Although grades are given in Modern Languages, language choice English and Swedish do not merit a grade. Neither language choice English nor language choice Swedish has a set curriculum or syllabus.

The aim of this study is to compare the modernist novels Astarte (1931) by the Swedish writer Karin Boye with Estación, Ida y vuelta (1930) by the Spanish author Rosa Chacel and the reception of these literary works in contemporary academic research. The theoretical ground of the study consists of feminist and critical theory, with traits of discourse analysis.Astarte and Estación were in large part forgotten and ignored by the Western Canon of literature during most of the 20th century, but have lately gained more attention as important modernist novels by researchers (from the feminist, poststructuralist or hermeneutic theoretical fields) who primarily examine the experimental forms figured by the texts in relation to the deconstruction and shattering of human homogenous ?essence?.The results found in the study show that the literary forms of both novels can be associated with a kind of illusion rapture, which relate to the modernist inclination to what Frederic Jameson calls artificial narrative; a form technique that points back at itself to emphasize its own characteristic of being a constructed and subjective illustration of reality. The contemporary interest in these artificial literary forms expressed by Astarte and Estación is therefore probably a consequence of the vibrant academic debates carried out during later decades concerning the conception of human gender and identity as construction and performance. .

The aim of this essay is to examine the background to the ongoing conflict between Spain and Basque. The conflicting parts and the opportunities of an agreement regarding a permanent cease-fire will also be examined. I chose to write about this conflict due to the fact that it has been going on for a long time, and is still going on.In order to be able to conduct the survey of this essay I have studied a wide range of books, reports from different institutions, and articles. I have strived for objectivity and to retail a fair description of the situation.To get a better understanding of the conflict the essay starts with history of conflict which has its beginning in the fifteenth century. Further on the essay is going to examine the conflicting parts that exist nowadays, and also the acting of different Basque political groups and the acting of the Spanish government.

The main purpose of the thesis was to investigate if mothers of girls with Asperger syndrome/high-functioning autism experienced the same stressors regardless of society and culture or in which way the stressors might differ.A special purpose of the thesis was to investigate if the society by different types of support could relieve stress and eliminate or reduce stressors.The method of the thesis was to interview three mothers in Sweden and three in Spain, who all had a daughter, 10 - 15 years old, with Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism.The result shows that mothers in both countries experienced equal level of stress, though the Swedish mothers got more support from the society. However, the stressors differed. For the Spanish mothers the main stressor was the girls´ problems at school. The main stressor for the Swedish mothers was how to find time to fulfil their different roles, e.g. mother, wife, housewife, professional, friend.

The aim of this study is to analyze the change of Basque nationalism during the last ten years and discuss how the main nationalist party (PNV) tries to impose "we"- feelings and support for its cause. Theories of nationalism and national identity are used in the analysis.A textual analysis of PNV:s unofficial documents is discussed and compared with a discourse analysis of its official documents. Although the unofficial documents deal with similar view of basic political/territorial ambitions, language and identification, there are some differences in the latest documents regarding the view of who is defined as Basque and also to the detoriated relation to Spain. Although references are made to the regard that the Basque Country is for everyone, the persistence of emphasizing the uniqueness and myths of the Basque culture signals a different matter. The discourse analysis of the official documents supports this claim and although they contain an ambiguous relation to Spain it is clear that Basque nationalism has been radicalized.

Syftet med det här examensarbetet är att komma lite närmare tvåspråkighetens värld och att få en djupare kunskap om detta fascinerande universum. Att lära känna de förhållanden och samspel som skapas mellan individer i det flerspråkiga samhället har blivit allt mer aktuellt och angeläget och därför valde jag det här temat. Forskningsfrågor i detta arbete fokuseras på tvåspråkig inlärning och uppfostran och hur det påverkar individens identitet samt vilka fördelar respektive nackdelar tvåspråkighet innebär. Arbetet är uppbyggt i två delar. Den första baseras på litteratur studier som beskriver tvåspråkighet på ett generellt sätt och den andra på en empirisk studie där jag fokuserar på några av de tvåspråkiga spansktalande barn som bor i Sverige.

Inom fältet för översättningsstudier har det traditionellt varit ett angeläget forskningsområde att erhålla kunskap om hur man hanterat samma källtext i olika kulturella kontexter. På våren år 1950 utkom en spansk översättning av den finske författaren Mika Waltaris historiska roman, Sinuhe egyptiläinen (Sinuhe egyptiern), och senare samma år, i Mexiko, nyöversattes verket för Latinamerika som en respons på den första. Föreliggande uppsats är en fallstudie och har genomförts i syfte att undersöka på vilket sätt och varför detta originalverks två översättningar på samma språk skiljer sig åt. Översättningarna har jämförts parallellt med dess källtext och studerats kontrastivt genom en kombination av kvantitativ och kvalitativ analys med hjälp av shift som teoretiskt verktyg. Resultaten av denna fallstudie visar att översättningarna skiljer sig åt i vissa innehållsmässiga aspekter och att dessa skillnader med all sannolikhet härrör från de samhälleliga politiska kontexter där de producerats.

AbstractTitle: A union, a collaboration and a currency crisis- a quantitative study of the media coverage of the euro crisis within the European Union in Spanish and Swedish newspapers.The purpose of this study was to see whether Sweden and Spain ?s differences in media climates and relations to the euro crisis would affect how the story was portrayed from a narrative perspective. Did the coverage differ between the two countries and who got to comment on the situation in the media were two of the questions I strived to answer. I also wanted to see how the coverage reflected on the situation that the euro crisis has created.In this study I used a number of theories that I based my research on. The main theories I focused on was about different media systems and Sweden and Spain ?s relation to the euro crisis.

Denna studie har som syfte att beskriva en lärares tillvägagångssätt för att tydliggöra kunskapskraven i Lgr 11 som är relaterade till skriftlig språkfärdighet i spanska, samt att ta reda på elevernas uppfattningar om detta tillvägagångssätt. I den här studien används uttrycket att tydliggöra i en bred mening, vari ingår både lärarens verbalisering av kunskapskraven och alla aktiviteter som läraren sätter igång och som ska hjälpa eleverna att utveckla en förståelse för dessa.Undersökningen bygger på en fallstudie i vilken olika källor har använts: intervjuer med läraren och fyra elever, enkät, klassrumsobservationer, en matris och ett urval rättade uppgifter.Resultatet visar att läraren och hennes elever verbaliserar sina tolkningar av kunskapskraven på ett likadant sätt. För att tydliggöra kunskapskraven använder läraren flera olika tillvägagångssätt, främst utsagor om kvalitet och exempel på korrekta meningar. Som utsagor om kvalitet använder läraren de formuleringar som finns i kursplanen, samtidigt som hon förklarar med andra ord och tydliggör för eleverna vilka konkreta tecken på kvalitet dessa innebär i en text. Återkopplingen till eleverna är också ett tillfälle för att tydliggöra kunskapskraven.Som metod för att tydliggöra kunskapskraven efterlyser eleverna framförallt konkreta råd om hur en text kan bli bättre, samt att få exempel på bra och mindre bra texter.Både läraren och eleverna är tveksamma till vilken roll tydliggörande av kunskapskraven spelar i undervisningen..

In the spring of 2006 we had our first outbreak of avian influenza of highly pathogenic H5N1 (HPAI) among wild birds in Sweden. This disease have impact on poultry industries world wide. Sporadically the virus infects other species than birds and we now know it can even cause fatal infection of humans. There are not yet any confirmed cases of transmission of the disease between humans though a suspected case in an Indonesian family is under investigation. If a mutation occurs that changes the pathogenicity and host affinity to humans we are at a risk of a new pandemia, perhaps like the Spanish flu in 1918-1920.