Bakgrund: Vår medellivslängd ökar, vi blir allt äldre. I hemsjukvården möter sjuksköterskan äldre personer som lever med smärta. Smärta som utgår från muskler, skelett och leder och som hindrar den äldre från att leva ett bra liv. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva vilka omvårdnadsåtgärder sjuksköterskan i hemsjukvården kan göra för att lindra smärta. Metod: Som metod användes en litteraturöversikt som baseras på fem kvalitativa och tre kvantitativa vetenskapliga artiklar.

The project has sprung out of my imagination. I wanted to find out what happened to my creativity, and my way of making product design if I used the method of putting myself into a fictive world. The project has taught me to rely on myself and my knowledge as a designer.I have made a chair which closes out sounds and gestures in public places. A chair which provides you with peace and quiet in a busy environment..

The Circle is a strong form that influences the landscape. It also has symbolic value which influences our feelings and experiences. This Thesis project examines the Circles? characteristics and its significance in various connections. The goal of this Thesis is to examine what role the Circle plays in various situations and what motives there are for using it is landscape architecture. The basis for this Thesis work is a proposal which has been drawn up for development of the rural area between the villages of Hofterup and Löddeköping in the municipality of Kävlinge.

The outdoor environment at Children's hospital, the University Hospital, Uppsala, is used by sick children at the Children's hospital, their families and the hospital staff. The staff at the Children's hospital wanted to render the site more attractive and available. This graduation thesis is a proposal about how the outdoor environment at the Children's hospital can be improved. The aim is to design an environment for the sick children, their families and the hospital staff that will serve as a place for relaxation and privacy, as well as for play and movement. In order to find support for the redesign of this site I read literature about theories concerning healing environments, healing gardens, children's play and designs for children.

This study aimed to describe children?s experience of living with overweight or obesity, by using a literature-review. The study includes eleven articles, data is from children between ages 5-15 year. The result occurring were in the areas; Quality of life and self-esteem, Social company, Body concept and weight reduction and Psychological unhealth. BMI above what is recommended gives a negative influence on quality of live and self-esteem.

How do you build cities that are exciting and nice to live in? What factors in the physical environment is it that make you feel comfortable in some of the places in the city, but in other places not comfortable at all? Why do some cities have a rich public life in their public realm, while the public realm in other cities is abandoned and empty? How do you plan environments that support people?s physical and mental health? These are questions that I put to myself, and that people who are interested in or working with physical planning should ask themselves. That is why I have been studying an authority on the subject, the Danish Professor Jan Gehl, who has been researching and working with peoplefriendly public realms for 50 years. He is best known for his book Life between buildings that has been a text-book in the education of architects for more than 30 years, and to have initiated Copenhagens most famous pedestrian street, Strøget, to show his theory of how people will use the public realm, if it?s only got the right qualities.

Background;Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a lung disease characterized by airway obstruction. Common signs of COPD are the slow process and shortness of breath on exertion. The most important treatment is to quit smoking. Most nurses, regardless of where they work, will meet these patients, often when the patients are having respiratory disorders. Aim;the aim of this study was to illuminate how patients with COPD describe the daily life based on how he/she experience and cope with the disease.

Today, many people have the need of contemplation due to higher stress levels in every day life compared to before. By examining the conditions of a secularized place of contemplation in greenbelts close to residential areas, I hope to contribute to a more balanced picture of how we utilize our greenbelts in the future. This kind of place is not a common phenomenon in our everyday outdoor environment.I have taken my starting-point in the traditional memorial and by that means been able to study the design of an existing delicate environment intended for mourning and contemplation. In this paper I review foremost the secularized place of contemplation in greenbelts close to residential areas from two central questions. First I examine its possibility to function as a place for mourning and contemplation.

Rökning och passiv rökning är ett folkhälsoproblem som orsakar mycket ohälsa.På senare år har attityderna kring rökning ändrats från att ha varit rökarens rätt att röka till icke-rökarens rätt att slippa bli exponerad. Det här kan leda till konflikt mellan icke-rökare och rökare då många icke-rökarna vill slippa exponeras för tobaksrök samtidigt som rökarna enligt lag har rätt att röka i utomhusmiljö. Syftet med att göra den här studien är att undersöka rökares och icke-rökares upplevelser kring rökning med förhoppningen om att komma fram till en lösning där båda gruppernas upplevelser kan mötas. Icke-rökare vill slippa exponeras och rökare vill få röka i fred. Det finns ett problem med detta och det är att mycket av det tobakspreventiva arbetet som gjorts i Sverige syftat till att gör det besvärligt att vara rökare.

Syfte: Syftet med studien var att belysa sambandet mellan cigarrettrökning och paro-dontit.Metod: Studien bygger på en allmän litteraturstudie som sammanställer aktuell forsk-ning inom det valda ämnesområdet. Detta studerades genom att granska olika studiers koppling mellan parodontit och cigarrettrökning. Studien baseras på 15 kvantitativa artiklar som söktes via PubMed och Sience Direct.Resultat: Resultatet visade att det fanns ett samband mellan parodontit och cigarrett-rökning. Rökning var den främsta beteendemässiga riskfaktorn för uppkomst av paro-dontit. Rökare uppvisar ett mer ohälsosamt beteende och negativ attityd till allmän hälsa.

The purpose of this essay is to inquire whether there are any resemblance or differences in the Migrationperiod textiles between the three places that I have chosen, Högom in Sweden, Evebø and Snartemo in Norway. Another purpose is to investigate if this magnificencedressmaterial indicate some kind of mental borders, social differences or hierarchy not only towards other powerful chieftains in other areas but also inside there own society and groups, a dresscode. In other words both individually locally as regionally and internationally. If there are resemblance's between the dressmaterial, gravefinds and the graves context could that be a sign of the same sphere of power, alliances, trading, intentional import, domesticproduction, culturedistribution? My aim in this essay is to try to show that the textile ought to have a higher significance place among archaeological material.

Flertal tidigare studier har visat på både positiva och negativa resultat av motiverande samtal (MI) för att få patienter att sluta röka. MI används idag av sjuksköterskor i slutenvården såväl som i primärvården för att skapa beteendeförändringar som exempelvis till tobaksrökstopp. Syftet med studien var att undersöka varför det är oklart om motiverande samtal är en metod som kan leda till tobaksrökstopp. Studien gjordes som en litteraturöversikt och sökningarna gjordes i Cinahl, Oxford Journals, PsycINFO, PubMed och SveMed+. Sökningarna resulterade i 15 utvalda artiklar.

The use of the robust and durable woody ground covers is increasing, not in the least in public places. The group includes low shrubs of different height that effectively build low, tight vegetation that covers the ground. Despite all the good qualities the knowledge about them is quite low and there are ideas about them of being dull. The woody ground covers manage to struggle against weeds effectively by competing for nourishment and water, but above all, by the canopy of the ground covers that prevent the weeds from getting enough light. In that way the woody groundcovers can effectively compete with the annual weeds.

The City is filled with signs of life. It teems with human traces waiting to be discovered. Street art of different kinds prevails behind traffic signs, on posts and electrical boxes. Personally con-structed dogs guard roundabouts all around Sweden and small gardens spire underneath window ledges. In this work I want to identify these phenomena and find out what thoughts inspired these creations.

The aim of this work is to give a broader and more nuanced picture of the use of locks and keys during the Iron Age, in particular the late Iron Age, in the Lake Mälaren region. This has been done by comparing two buildings: the hall on Helgö and the living quarters in the garrison on Birka. Here we can see two very different areas where locks and keys were important parts of the daily life. The study also includes a typology of padlocks based on the findings from the same places as the building study and their surroundings..