The process of European Integration and creation of the single market revealed many questions and boundaries on the development and improvement of the European Social Policy. Pension?s sustainability has become the priority issue especially during the EU enlargement processes. Different policy instruments and institutions available to governments of Member States in realization of social objectives resulted in a growing diversity of pension polices which produced different combinations of public and private provisions - ?private-public hybrids? , with the state exercising different degrees of influence in their development.

Sammanfattning: SAAB Communication i Linköping sysslar med konsultverksamhet mot ett flertal nationella och internationella företag inom både den civila och militära sektorn. Fokus ligger på flyget med uppdrag inom telesystem, radiosystem, signaturanpassning, EMC, atmosfärisk påverkan mm. I det sistnämnda ingår även kosmisk strålnings inverkan på elektronik. Den fortsatta miniatyriseringen av elektronik, speciellt minneselektronik leder till ökad känslighet mot den kosmiska partikelstrålningen som ständigt regnar ner på jorden, därför är det extra noga att minnen testas innan de sätts i bruk vid flygburna system. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att konstruera en provplattform som registrerar fel som uppkommer i ett DDR2 SDRAM minne vid påverkan av den ovannämnda strålningen.

My objective with the work, Travel Sketches, is to develop an approach to sketching as a landscape architect in connection with the field trip. Previous experiences and reference places are vital parts during the creation of new design proposals. It is by visiting and experiencing places that valuable knowledge is acquired. By sketching on site, with for example a pen and paper, a bank of reference objects will be established as well as an understanding of their practical success. Experiences and sketching are the basic tools of an architect.

Sammanfattning: SAAB Communication i Linköping sysslar med konsultverksamhet mot ett flertal nationella och internationella företag inom både den civila och militära sektorn. Fokus ligger på flyget med uppdrag inom telesystem, radiosystem, signaturanpassning, EMC, atmosfärisk påverkan mm. I det sistnämnda ingår även kosmisk strålnings inverkan på elektronik. Den fortsatta miniatyriseringen av elektronik, speciellt minneselektronik leder till ökad känslighet mot den kosmiska partikelstrålningen som ständigt regnar ner på jorden, därför är det extra noga att minnen testas innan de sätts i bruk vid flygburna system. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att konstruera en provplattform som registrerar fel som uppkommer i ett DDR2 SDRAM minne vid påverkan av den ovannämnda strålningen. Detta examensarbete är en vidareutveckling av en provplattform baserad på en FPGA ? lösning.

This master thesis investigates the possibilities of using GPS-information from trains to create a model of a railway system, register the routes of the the trains and predict how the trains will travel in the railway system.The thesis work was done at Icomera AB which is a company that specializes in internet connected vehicle solutions.We describe how the GPS-information is sent from the trains in the form of samples and investigate limitations and possibilities with the available information. About three million samples from 83 SJ-trains were analysed and the samples were filtered with the intent of removing erroneous information. We here found that about 30 % of the samples from the trains were unreliable.A solution for how the samples from the trains can be used to create a model of the railway system traveled by the trains is presented. We use a large set of historical samples and use cluster nodes and Hermite curves to generate a graph that represent the railway system with stations, nodes and the railway itself. A fully automatic solution is not presented since it did not fit into the time frame of the thesis; instead we created a simple tool which can be used to manually finish the model of the railway system.Furthermore, we describe how the railway system and the samples from the train can be used to register the routes the trains travel.

This master thesis investigates the possibilities of using GPS-information from trains to create a model of a railway system, register the routes of the the trains and predict how the trains will travel in the railway system.The thesis work was done at Icomera AB which is a company that specializes in internet connected vehicle solutions.We describe how the GPS-information is sent from the trains in the form of samples and investigate limitations and possibilities with the available information. About three million samples from 83 SJ-trains were analysed and the samples were filtered with the intent of removing erroneous information. We here found that about 30 % of the samples from the trains were unreliable.A solution for how the samples from the trains can be used to create a model of the railway system traveled by the trains is presented. We use a large set of historical samples and use cluster nodes and Hermite curves to generate a graph that represent the railway system with stations, nodes and the railway itself. A fully automatic solution is not presented since it did not fit into the time frame of the thesis; instead we created a simple tool which can be used to manually finish the model of the railway system.Furthermore, we describe how the railway system and the samples from the train can be used to register the routes the trains travel.

This master thesis investigates the possibilities of using GPS-information from trains to create a model of a railway system, register the routes of the the trains and predict how the trains will travel in the railway system.The thesis work was done at Icomera AB which is a company that specializes in internet connected vehicle solutions.We describe how the GPS-information is sent from the trains in the form of samples and investigate limitations and possibilities with the available information. About three million samples from 83 SJ-trains were analysed and the samples were filtered with the intent of removing erroneous information. We here found that about 30 % of the samples from the trains were unreliable.A solution for how the samples from the trains can be used to create a model of the railway system traveled by the trains is presented. We use a large set of historical samples and use cluster nodes and Hermite curves to generate a graph that represent the railway system with stations, nodes and the railway itself. A fully automatic solution is not presented since it did not fit into the time frame of the thesis; instead we created a simple tool which can be used to manually finish the model of the railway system.Furthermore, we describe how the railway system and the samples from the train can be used to register the routes the trains travel.

This master thesis investigates the possibilities of using GPS-information from trains to create a model of a railway system, register the routes of the the trains and predict how the trains will travel in the railway system.The thesis work was done at Icomera AB which is a company that specializes in internet connected vehicle solutions.We describe how the GPS-information is sent from the trains in the form of samples and investigate limitations and possibilities with the available information. About three million samples from 83 SJ-trains were analysed and the samples were filtered with the intent of removing erroneous information. We here found that about 30 % of the samples from the trains were unreliable.A solution for how the samples from the trains can be used to create a model of the railway system traveled by the trains is presented. We use a large set of historical samples and use cluster nodes and Hermite curves to generate a graph that represent the railway system with stations, nodes and the railway itself. A fully automatic solution is not presented since it did not fit into the time frame of the thesis; instead we created a simple tool which can be used to manually finish the model of the railway system.Furthermore, we describe how the railway system and the samples from the train can be used to register the routes the trains travel.

This master thesis investigates the possibilities of using GPS-information from trains to create a model of a railway system, register the routes of the the trains and predict how the trains will travel in the railway system.The thesis work was done at Icomera AB which is a company that specializes in internet connected vehicle solutions.We describe how the GPS-information is sent from the trains in the form of samples and investigate limitations and possibilities with the available information. About three million samples from 83 SJ-trains were analysed and the samples were filtered with the intent of removing erroneous information. We here found that about 30 % of the samples from the trains were unreliable.A solution for how the samples from the trains can be used to create a model of the railway system traveled by the trains is presented. We use a large set of historical samples and use cluster nodes and Hermite curves to generate a graph that represent the railway system with stations, nodes and the railway itself. A fully automatic solution is not presented since it did not fit into the time frame of the thesis; instead we created a simple tool which can be used to manually finish the model of the railway system.Furthermore, we describe how the railway system and the samples from the train can be used to register the routes the trains travel.

This master thesis investigates the possibilities of using GPS-information from trains to create a model of a railway system, register the routes of the the trains and predict how the trains will travel in the railway system.The thesis work was done at Icomera AB which is a company that specializes in internet connected vehicle solutions.We describe how the GPS-information is sent from the trains in the form of samples and investigate limitations and possibilities with the available information. About three million samples from 83 SJ-trains were analysed and the samples were filtered with the intent of removing erroneous information. We here found that about 30 % of the samples from the trains were unreliable.A solution for how the samples from the trains can be used to create a model of the railway system traveled by the trains is presented. We use a large set of historical samples and use cluster nodes and Hermite curves to generate a graph that represent the railway system with stations, nodes and the railway itself. A fully automatic solution is not presented since it did not fit into the time frame of the thesis; instead we created a simple tool which can be used to manually finish the model of the railway system.Furthermore, we describe how the railway system and the samples from the train can be used to register the routes the trains travel.

This master thesis investigates the possibilities of using GPS-information from trains to create a model of a railway system, register the routes of the the trains and predict how the trains will travel in the railway system.The thesis work was done at Icomera AB which is a company that specializes in internet connected vehicle solutions.We describe how the GPS-information is sent from the trains in the form of samples and investigate limitations and possibilities with the available information. About three million samples from 83 SJ-trains were analysed and the samples were filtered with the intent of removing erroneous information. We here found that about 30 % of the samples from the trains were unreliable.A solution for how the samples from the trains can be used to create a model of the railway system traveled by the trains is presented. We use a large set of historical samples and use cluster nodes and Hermite curves to generate a graph that represent the railway system with stations, nodes and the railway itself. A fully automatic solution is not presented since it did not fit into the time frame of the thesis; instead we created a simple tool which can be used to manually finish the model of the railway system.Furthermore, we describe how the railway system and the samples from the train can be used to register the routes the trains travel.

In Automatic Milking Systems (AMS), cows are kept in a free stall barn equipped with one or several milking units (MU). The cows? activities in the system are called cow traffic. There are three types of cow traffic systems: guided, partly-guided and free. Free systems have no gates, allowing the cows access to the feeding and resting areas at any time.

Landscape urbanism has for the last decade been a topic for debate among practitioners and theorists involved in forming the contemporary city. The advocates for landscape urbanism mean that traditional dichotomies like city and country are invalid to illustrate the contemporary urban realm. Rather, a new urban morphology has evolved, which calls for new methods and models when approaching the city. Landscape urbanism suggests a revaluation of landscape in order to develop these approaches. This paper sets out to map how this is addressed within landscape urbanism.

Uppsatsen är både ett teoretiskt arbete om stadsodling och en gestaltning av en köksträdgård.Under vintern 2010 åtog sig sju studenter uppdraget att skapa en experimentell köksträdgårdsom en fördjupning och vidareutveckling av 2009 års utformning av köksträdgården vidingången till Wanås skulpturpark. Mitt examensarbete består i att utifrån en jämförande studiemellan teorierna om trädgårdsstäder kring förra sekelskiftet och den nu pågåendediskussionen om hur staden ska odlas utarbeta ett gestaltningsförslag för en del avköksträdgården.Examensarbetet grundar sig i en litteraturstudie över trädgårdsstaden där jag tar avstamp iEbenezer Howards visioner om trädgårdsstäder som en lösning på de problem som uppkomtill följd av förra sekelskiftets snabba urbanisering. När trädgårdsstadsidéerna konkretiseradesi Sverige mellan 1905 och 1930 blev det i form av förstäder och egnahemsträdgårdar. Mycketav de ideologiska utgångspunkterna om självförsörjande småstäder och kollektivt ägd markgick förlorade. Jag har jämfört trädgårdsstadens ursprungliga ideal med de tankar och visionersom finns i dagens stadsodlingsrörelser.

Genom ökad användning på träningskläder har antibakteriella behandlingar blivit allt vanligare för den allmänna konsumenten. Dessa plagg marknadsförs ofta som antibakte-riella eller luktfria, men det som inte framgår är vilka ämnen som används för att uppnå den luktfria effekten. Vanligt förekommande är de behandlingar som är baserade på oorganiska silversalter. Medan leverantörerna av dessa produkter argumenterar för, argumenterar många miljövetare och forskare på bakterier emot antibakteriella produk-ter då dessa kan ha en skadlig inverkan på vår miljö och hälsa. Rapporten syftar till att ge större kunskap kring miljö- och hälsopåverkan vid användandet av textiler behandlade med silversalter samt till att analysera konsumenters inställning till antibakteriella kläder samt deras användar- och tvättvanor för träningskläder.