This report deals with issues related to construction waste. Building material that has not been built into the project is defined as construction waste. Cost of construction waste amounts to 4-12 % of the total cost of the project. Moreover, cost of construction waste is 1-3 % of the production cost. The aim of this study is to increase knowledge about the main causes of waste within the construction industry.

When forces in foundation piles are calculated according to classic theory, thefoundation are assumed to be infinitely rigid which means that the foundation will notbend. High buildings need their whole width to be stable and use the ground floorwall as a foundation. But when, for example windows are needed in the ground floorwall, the stiffness of the foundation decreases which change the forces in the piles. Inthis report the difference of pile forces versus classic theory has been analyzed, and ifpile forces can be calculated as in classic theory. Further on, the effects of the wallmovement were analysed and how the buildings crack safety would be affected by themovement at the ground floor.

Det här är en C-uppsats i ekonomisk historia där förändringen av andelen kvinnor i svenska bolagsstyrelser de senaste 30 åren undersöks. Debatten om införandet av en kvoteringslag är ständigt aktuell, särskilt i år, med anledning av det stundande riksdagsvalet. Därför det är relevant att studera hur förändringen av andelen kvinnor i bolagsstyrelser har sett ut över tid, och hur svenska bolag arbetar med jämställdhetsfrågan. Undersökningen är utformad som en kvalitativ studie av årsredovisningar, där jämställdhetsarbetet inom KappAhl och Sandvik undersöks, jämförs och relateras till andelen kvinnor i respektive bolags styrelse.Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka och jämföra eventuella samband mellan andelen kvinnor i styrelserna och det kvalitativa interna jämställdhetsarbetet inom KappAhl och Sandvik över tid.Med forskning kring betydelsen av kön i organisationer av Wahl m fl (2011) som teoretisk utgångspunkt analyseras det kvalitativa interna jämställdhetsarbetet i respektive bolag och relateras till andelen kvinnor i deras styrelser. Jämställdhetsarbete inom organisationerna som helhet är alltså av intresse, inte bara det jämställdhetsarbete som specifikt rör styrelserna.

Studiens syfte har varit att undersöka sjukskrivna individers upplevelser av arbetslivsinriktad rehabilitering, med fokus på vilken betydelse könstillhörighet tillskrivs i detta sammanhang. Undersökningen har avgränsats till att omfatta ett antal individer inom en offentlig förvaltning i Göteborgs Stad. Vid analys och tolkning av vårt empiriska material har vi framförallt utgått från Hirdmans (2001) och Bourdieus (1998) teorier om genusskapande samt Risbergs (2005) resonemang om genusbias i vårdsammanhang. Även Wahl et al:s diskussion om könsordning i organisationer har använts som teoretisk utgångspunkt. Vidare har vi jämfört våra resultat med Ahlgren och Hammarströms (2000) studie som syftar till att belysa just skillnader mellan män och kvinnor i samband med arbetslivsinriktad rehabilitering.

Studiens syfte har varit att undersöka sjukskrivna individers upplevelser av arbetslivsinriktad rehabilitering, med fokus på vilken betydelse könstillhörighet tillskrivs i detta sammanhang. Undersökningen har avgränsats till att omfatta ett antal individer inom en offentlig förvaltning i Göteborgs Stad. Vid analys och tolkning av vårt empiriska material har vi framförallt utgått från Hirdmans (2001) och Bourdieus (1998) teorier om genusskapande samt Risbergs (2005) resonemang om genusbias i vårdsammanhang. Även Wahl et al:s diskussion om könsordning i organisationer har använts som teoretisk utgångspunkt. Vidare har vi jämfört våra resultat med Ahlgren och Hammarströms (2000) studie som syftar till att belysa just skillnader mellan män och kvinnor i samband med arbetslivsinriktad rehabilitering.

The purpose with this report is to illuminate the construction solutions and the deformations that could exist in medieval parish stone churches. But also to increase the writers understanding how activity forces effect the construction of the churches. With help from literature and a practical study, containing three churches the writers have collected the material that the conclusions and discussions are built upon in this report. The construction of the churches consists of three parts, the wall, the roof and the vault. The construction solutions are similar in the churches disregard of the roof, where the roof trusses are different.

Syftet med föreliggande studie var att undersöka sambandet mellan emotionell intelligens (EI )och ledarskapsstilar i Sverige. Tidigare studier har funnit ett samband mellan emotionell intelligens och transformativt ledarskap. Studien syftade även till att undersöka ifall tidigare forsknings resultat mellan emotionell intelligens och ledarskapsstilar skiljer sig i förhållande till ett svenskt urval. Ledarna (N=61) besvarade på frågor angående emotionell intelligens (SEIS) samt på frågor angående ledarskapsstil (MLQ5X). Resultatet visade ett signifikant positivt samband mellan emotionell intelligens och alla fyra komponenter i transformativt ledarskap.

The aim of this study was to see if an increased amount of gas could be seen in the small bowel of cats subjected to trauma and if measuring the amount of gas could be of any use in the clinical evaluation of the patient. When the peristaltic waves in the small bowel decreases due to neurological damage or chock the microorganisms of the gut grow in number and possibly produce more gas and toxins. When the cat is stressed it can swallow more air then usual, and the air that is in solution with the chyme in the lumen of the gut separates from the ingesta. When the bowel isn?t moving it becomes easier for bacteria and toxins to penetrate the wall of the gut, and then get access to the bloodstream.

The aim of this thesis is to examine how mirrors were hung and used in decorating a room during the gustavian period (1770-1810) and the functionalistic period (1930-1939) in Sweden. I have compared the two styles and the way of decorating with mirrors. Based on the comparison I deduced the differences and similarities. The material which the thesis is based on are three drawings and one painting depicting four gustavian rooms containing mirrors. To illustrate the functionalistic period I used four photos from the catalogue from the Stockholm exhibition in 1930.

Everyone has to take a greater responsibility in energy issues, both individuals and companies. There have been some major developments in the construction industry but there is still a lot to be done. This diploma work thesis presents different methods of making existing construction shed establishments to use less energy. What is possible to do and how much energy is there to be saved? A shed establishment consisting of 8 shed units were studied in this project and the building simulation tool VIP-Energy was used to simulate different types of material in the sheds. An infrared camera was used to locate thermal bridges. There are several factors that can be improved to make a construction shed establishment to use less energy.

This essay is about the Swedish Royal Foundations and especially the culture foundations. The Swedish Royal Foundations in culture are four. I?ve also made a short background about Royal engagement through foundations in history. I?ve given examples on what Royals in Sweden have done in the past and what they do today.

During the years 2006-2010 Gotland University conducted seminars excavations in Västergarn parish on Gotland. Inside the wall a total of six house foundations have been found and a total of 127 combs have been registered. This thesis is based on a material study of the 127 registered medieval combs. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the combs and with their chronology illuminate in which period the society of Västergarn was active. And also to find out what the material remains can tell us about the place and its people.

This thesis focuses on the construction of drystone walls in the county of Sm?land, as well as their historical value and significance to the county. In Riksantikvarie?mbetets Plattform Kulturhistorisk v?rdering och urval, a directory for historical evaluations of buildings and objects, the first clause is to describe the object and its history. When trying to do this, the lack of literature focusing on the constructional elements of drystone walls and their history became an issue and is what prompted the writing of this thesis. With a study of different handbooks, a compilation of the constructional elements of the walls were put together.

Background and purpose: Volleyball requires a lot of the human body, andeffective core stability is necessary for the athlete. Our muscles cooperate as achain of motions and core stabilization is the base for the moving muscles.The most well-known stabilization muscle is m.transversus abdominis (TrA).The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the function of TrA inSwedish female elite volleyball players and to observe the influence of eightweeks of stabilization exercise on the TrA. Method: 10 female elitevolleyball players (mean age 24,7 years, range 18-31 years) participated inthe study. TrA was measured in supine position with a pressure biofeedbackunit. Subjects were instructed to draw in the abdominal wall without movingthe pelvis and hold for 10 seconds.

The aim of this paper is to highlight issues and potential problems regarding conservation inan exhibition situation. The thesis presents a case study from the Röhsska museum, inGothenburg, where an interior of painted tapestries was currently being conserved andrestored. The study includes general history about the painted tapestries, conservation historyand information about the current treatments.The painted tapestries originates from a former manor [sv: säteri] in Gothenburg calledHökälla and were donated to the Röhsska museum in 1916. The tapestries were a part of themuseum?s permanent exhibition until 1996, when it was dismounted and put in storage.