Trots att en stor del av befolkningen är arbetslösa saknas forskning på hur arbetslösheten påverkar individens kognitiva förmågor. Föreliggande studie undersöker effekten av arbetslöshet på episodiskt och semantiskt minne samt visuospatial förmåga. Även könsskillnader testas. Med resultat från tidigare forskning om de arbetslösas negativa psykosociala situation som grund hypotiserades att de arbetslösa skulle prestera sämre på test som mäter episodiskt minne, semantiskt minne och visuospatial förmåga. De arbetslösas psykosociala situation undersöktes med självskattning av variablerna stress, depression och sociala nätverk och kognitiv förmåga mättes med 16 olika kognitiva test.

Title: Besparingar inom Barn- och utbildningsnämnden.Seminar date: 29th of May 2009Course: Degree thesis in Business Administration, bachelor thesisAuthors: Amela Smajlovic and Sten SundfeltAdvisor: Leif HolmbergPurpose: Our purpose is to explain the cost-saving process that many municipality organisations face because of the global financial crisis.Limitations: We have limited our study to the municipality of Landskrona and Kristianstad.Method: Our study has a qualitative approach. By using open interviews we have been able to get an open dialog with our respondents.Theory: We have compared with different theories, such as Rombach?s budget-theory and Wildavsky?s role theory.Empirics: The material is based on interviews and conversations with key figures in different levels of the organisations in Landskrona and Kristianstad.Conclusions: The success of a cost-saving process depends on the engagement, awareness and how inclined to changes the persons in the organisations are. Has everybody the willingness to take responsibility fore the organisation and the changes that the surrounding world claims?.

Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att beskriva människors upplevelser av att leva som HIV-positiva och/eller AIDS-sjuka. 14 vetenskapliga artiklar analyserades med hjälp av kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Studien resulterade i åtta kategorier: Att inte kunna förändra sin situation men kunna förändra sig själv, att finna mening med sin sjukdom, att vara stigmatiserad, övergiven och utan värdighet, att framtiden är oviss och den bekymmerslösa tiden i livet går förlorad, att känna skuld till sin sjukdom och livet som ett trauma, att det är viktigt med motivation och stöd, att ha tankar och önskemål om tiden innan döden och dödsögonblicket, att känna den trötta kroppen ge upp påverkar människorna mentalt. Den fördjupade förståelsen om hur människor med HIV och/eller AIDS upplever sin situation tydliggör dessa människors behov av respekt, förståelse samt stöd. Denna kunskap tillsammans med fortsatt forskning kan genom att människors upplevelser åskådliggörs från ett inifrånperspektiv bidra till utveckling inom omvårdnad.

Syftet med denna uppsats var att undersöka om läroböckernas berättelser levde upp till den normativa demokratisyn som formuleras i LPO 94 och om berättelsen om det moderna Sveriges framväxt kan tillskrivas ett värde för alla elever. Undersökningen bygger på en kvalitativ läromedelsanalys av tre vanligt förekommande läroböcker i historia för grundskolans senare del. Vi har i läroböckerna fokuserat på berättelser om det moderna Sveriges framväxt som kan kopplas till begrepp som demokrati, rättigheter, solidaritet och jämställdhet. Utifrån läroböckerna, LPO 94 och aktuell forskning har vi diskuterat huruvida den historiska framställningen av det moderna Sveriges framväxt kan tillskrivas ett allmängiltigt värde. Undersökningens resultat visade att läroböckerna förmedlade en historia som tydligt gick att härleda till läroplanen.

The purpose of this study is to discuss how journalists think about the interaction with the audience in social media and the fact that it can make the traditional audience feel excluded. The study shows how journalists on P4 Kalmar is experiencing audience interaction in social media and describes how aware the journalists are about the digital divide. The results show that all of our interviewed journalists think that the interaction with the audience through social media works well and that there is awareness among journalists about the digital divide. The results also show that many of the interviewed journalists had not reflected on that parts of the audience can feel excluded by the interaction taking place in social media, but some of them could understand if parts of the audience felt that way. We consider our study as part of a research field on journalist?s interactivity with the audience through different types of media, but also as source of inspiration for future research on how the digital media becomes one with the community..

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka förekomsten av självskadebeteende hos tonåringar, om detta skiljer sig åt mellan könen och om samband kan uppvisas med självkänsla och mindfulness.128 elever i årskurs nio från tre skolor besvarade frågeformulären Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale samt Mindful Attention Awareness Scale.Resultaten visade att 65,9 procent av deltagarna skadat sig själva vid åtminstone ett tillfälle, och 41,4 procent vid flera tillfällen. Det förekommer ingen signifikant skillnad mellan könen. Hos flickorna korrelerar självskadebeteende med låg självkänsla och låg grad av mindfulness. Pojkar som skadat sig själva många gånger uppvisar lägre grad av mindfulness än övriga pojkar. Resultaten indikerar att det troligtvis finns flera olika anledningar till att ungdomar skadar sig själva..

Rökare får allt mer mindre utrymme att röka på och det blir allt mindre socialt accepterat att röka i dagens samhälle. Syftet med vår uppsats är att undersöka hur rökaren upplever samhällets normer och negativitet kring rökning, samt hur detta påverkar dem. Vår huvudsakliga frågeställning har varit ?Hur påverkas rökare av samhället nedvärderande syn på rökning??, men även om det finns någon skillnad i deras rökningsbeteende beroende på social situation. Studien är gjord med hjälp av en kvalitativ metod i form av intervjuer, där vi intervjuat 6 rökare allt ifrån åldern 23-70.

The study seeks to investigate four preschool teachers? views of making literacy learning a pleasurable experience in preschool class and to identify any differences in their views. The study is based on interviews with four teachers with at least ten years? experience of work in preschool class. The teachers work in three different municipalities.

Background: Many people within the health care system experience uncertainty. Uncertainty can be described as a feeling, a condition or as a phenomenon. Uncertainty is often associated with stress and an emotional burden among patients. It?s important for the nurse to have knowledge about the expressions of uncertainty to get a higher appreciation for the patients? situation.

Personal branding is a common phenomenon within the Swedish business world, although less applied on the competitive and fast paced music industry. In order to strengthen Swedish artists' personal brands and to ensure congruence between the artists' presented identities and the target audiences' perceived images, we have developed a model, containing of seven essential factors. The seven dimensions authenticity, credibility, certainty, openness, availability, awareness and timeliness help improve strength when communicating brand identity, as well as minimizing potential discrepancy between identity and image. This report examines the brand strategies within the Swedish music industry through a case study of Sweden's largest pop star, Eric Saade, where Team Saade's communicated identity is compared to the targets audience's perceived image of Saade. Overall, Saade's personal brand has a high level of congruence, except from the clarity dimension, where his words are considered differing from his actions.

The aim with this study is to explore if and how linguistic learning takes places when four pairs ofstudents in grade one writes on the computer. Observations of eight students took place duringtwelve lessons to investigate what happened during their writing processes. This study isimportant because students? computer writing is a relatively new phenomenon in the Swedishprimary school.It is clear that the peer collaboration creates a complex interaction that becomes the platform, andalso the prerequisite, for successful language training. The method can clearly give students profitsin their linguistic development.

Youth unemployement in Sweden is at an all-time high, a fifth of all university and college students live in poverty and the number of young on welfare is increasing. This study attempts to answer the question of how youth deprivation has been made possible as a consequence of political action, focusing on youth unemployment. I critically examine the role of the Swedish government, the Swedish Labour Organisation (LO), and the various government departments through text analysis, in order to answer the question of how the current discourse on youth position in the labor market. Because youth unemployment is not an isolated phenomena the analysis covers several policy areas, such as education policy, labor market regulation and housing policy. I use discourse theories drawn from Laclau and Mouffe to expose how language is used as an instrument of political power. I conclude that the current situation is a result of policy choices where the young have fallen behind due to lack of political organization. Their situation is not problematized to the required degree and is often explained on an individual level rather than on a structural level. .

This study deals with one of the most discussed work environmental issues in the modern society of Sweden today - work related stress, its causes and how stress can affect people in their working situation. Our study is based on a questionnaire among aid handling officers in two municipalities of the middle of Sweden, and two interviews with their directors. We found that aid handling officers has a complex occupational role. We also found that the officers in these two municipalities experiences about the same level of stress.Further in the study, we will deal with whatever could be the cause of the stressful situation, using the demand/control model of Karasek and Theorell. The result shows that despite the similarity of the stress experience, the cause was shown to be different.

This essay is investigating what type of sources we trust, depending on how the information in these sources is created and provided. To exemplify, the sources Wikipedia and Nationalencyklopedin (the Swedish National Encyclopedia) were used, each one representing different approaches. The first is a representation of the collective intelligence, where anyone can contribute with their knowledge to the public ? freedom under responsibility. The latter represents peer-reviewed knowledge, desirable enough to have people paying for it? true and unaffected.Based on theories of source criticism, collective intelligence, expertise and the different generations of digital natives and digital immigrants, two focus groups were conducted and analysed.

PurposeThe purpose of this thesis is to investigate the market of pedagogic consulting and how the customers look upon these kinds of services and what the consultants think about the market. The following five questions were investigated:What is the situation of the market of pedagogic consulting?-          What needs and what demands are there of pedagogical consulting services? -          What are the economic possibilities for schools and municipalities to buy professional development and consulting services?What do schools and municipalities think about their needs and what do they think about buying professional development from consultants?-          How are the professional development offerings of the consultants recieved by schools and municipalities and is there a difference between the private and public sector of education? -          What impact could professional development have on schools?In what way is the marketing for pedagogic consulting done?Method In this study I have chosen to have a qualitative approach with an abductive perpective. I made these choices to get closer to what I wanted to investigate. Through the abductive methodology it was possible to go between theory and empirics.