Syftet med studien är att belysa skillnader mellan pojkars och flickors olika skriftspråk mot bakgrund av en djupanalys av elevtexter skrivna av två klasser i år sex. Totalt antal texter att analysera blev 49, varav 28 var skrivna av flickor. Texterna skrevs utifrån en detaljrik bild för att, till studien, få ett material att analysera och redovisa som kunde svara mot vårt syfte. I studien undersöks i vilken mån pojkar respektive flickor använder första person singular samt i vilken utsträckning de beskriver olika relationer i sina texter. Resultatet av studien, som behandlade första person singular, visade på en skillnad mellan de två grupperna, alltså inte mellan pojkar och flickor.

The purpose of this report was to investigate how the abiotic factors (temperature, pH, nutrients, oxygen levels and water content) would affect the decomposition of oil-contaminated soil and how a variance in structured soil would affect the decomposition-rate. A minor field-study was made and soil where structured in five different ways (one was a default pile and was used as a reference). The study took place over 137 days and three samples were taken (start, middle, end) and analyzed for aromatic and aliphatic compounds. The result of this study shows that there is a significant difference between all methods for the aliphatic compounds and no significant difference for the aromatic compounds. The abiotic factors that affect decomposition vary from organism to organism, depending on what type of environment it will function the best.

Social indexing is an approach to manual indexing of web content. The purpose of this master thesis has been to investigate terminological and conceptual consistency in social indexing of web content. Conceptual consistency was investigated/measured focusing on synonyms and (the use of) singular and plural forms of words. In order to measure consistency in social indexing data were obtained from the Delicious website. The data set consists of five indexed objects, 3001 tags and 239 users.

Decomposition of organic matter is a critical process in the ecosystem, which involves many essential biotic and physical parts. Decomposition is therefore an important process both above and below ground. The rate of decomposition is dependent of many environmental factors for example: pH, moisture and supply of oxygen. The decomposition can therefore be affected by large scaled environmental influences, such as acidification and climatic changes. The root litter in the forest is in different ways affected by acidification, liming and manuering.

The aim of this thesis is to examine how thesauri constructed with latent semantic indexing LSI are performing when used for query expansion. There is a well-known problem with synonymy in information retrieval and one solution to this problem is to use a thesaurus. In this thesis thesauri are created automatically to find statistically related words and not only synonyms. LSI is a method that uses singular value decomposition SVD to reduce dimensions in a matrix and find latent relationships between words. We constructed nine thesauri and used them for query expansion in a Swedish database, GP_HDINF.

The goal of this project was to create a web-based, crowd-sourced, correlational database, that easily allowed users to submit objects and receive correlated objects as results. The webservice was created in the web development languages of HTML, CSS, PHP and Javscript, with MySQL to handle the database. Simultaneous development was kept in check with the aid of the source code management system GIT. Upon completion, the service contained several HTML-views, the ability to add and rate objects, a per-object dedicated page with information parsed from Wikipedia.org, and a view with objects ranked in accordance to the preferences specific to the current user. Roughly a month after the beginning of development, the website was publicly launched and promoted in order to collect data, and improvements were added to the website as needed.

Denna uppsats är en jämförande studie av hur bestämdheten hos vuxna andraspråkselever ser ut och utvecklas i det svenska språket beroende på om eleven har bestämdhet i sitt modersmål eller inte. Materialet består av insamlade elevtexter som har analyserats med hjälp av performansanalys och Monica Axelssons nivåskala.I val av bestämdhet visar de elever som har bestämdhet i sitt modersmål en större andel korrekt användning mot de som inte har bestämdhet i sitt modersmål, men skillnaden är liten. Jämför man informanternas behärskning av formen, vilken är uppdelad i fyra kategorier, nämligen: obestämd form i singular/plural; bestämd form i singular/plural, visar resultaten att det inte finns någon skillnad mellan de två grupperna. Däremot går det att hitta individuella skillnader och likheter mellan de båda grupperna..

Denna uppsats är en jämförande studie av hur bestämdheten hos vuxna andraspråkselever ser ut och utvecklas i det svenska språket beroende på om eleven har bestämdhet i sitt modersmål eller inte. Materialet består av insamlade elevtexter som har analyserats med hjälp av performansanalys och Monica Axelssons nivåskala.I val av bestämdhet visar de elever som har bestämdhet i sitt modersmål en större andel korrekt användning mot de som inte har bestämdhet i sitt modersmål, men skillnaden är liten. Jämför man informanternas behärskning av formen, vilken är uppdelad i fyra kategorier, nämligen: obestämd form i singular/plural; bestämd form i singular/plural, visar resultaten att det inte finns någon skillnad mellan de två grupperna. Däremot går det att hitta individuella skillnader och likheter mellan de båda grupperna..

Denna uppsats är en jämförande studie av hur bestämdheten hos vuxna andraspråkselever ser ut och utvecklas i det svenska språket beroende på om eleven har bestämdhet i sitt modersmål eller inte. Materialet består av insamlade elevtexter som har analyserats med hjälp av performansanalys och Monica Axelssons nivåskala.I val av bestämdhet visar de elever som har bestämdhet i sitt modersmål en större andel korrekt användning mot de som inte har bestämdhet i sitt modersmål, men skillnaden är liten. Jämför man informanternas behärskning av formen, vilken är uppdelad i fyra kategorier, nämligen: obestämd form i singular/plural; bestämd form i singular/plural, visar resultaten att det inte finns någon skillnad mellan de två grupperna. Däremot går det att hitta individuella skillnader och likheter mellan de båda grupperna..

The decomposition of organic carbon in drained peat soils is a major source of carbon di-oxide in Sweden. A big part of these drained peat soils are used in agriculture and it is a big challenge to slow down their decomposition. It has earlier been thought that less tilling and higher water table levels would decrease the activity of soil microbes and thereby the decomposition, but recent experiments has showed that this has little or no effect. In this bachelor thesis a field experiment was made on drained peat soil with ley, outside Björklinge, Uppsala municipality, Sweden. The experiment was carried out in May 2011. The objective was to develop a method to examine how the net exchange of carbon diox-ide from plant covered peat soil is affected by temperature and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR).

The essay initially intends to find adequate models to describe and forecast monthly data for the Swedish Consumer Price Index sub group Clothes and Shoes 1986-2005. The time series observations during 2006 are considered ?out of sample period? which is used to evaluate the forecasts. The purpose is to perform time series decomposition and to investigate and analyzethe seasonal pattern. The Box-Jenkins approach is used to find adequate ARIMA models.

The aim of this study was to investigate preschool children's perceptions of trees in and it was done through qualitative interviews. The children were drawing trees and told me what the tree needs to grow and what happens to the leaves in autumn. In a playful way, they learned more about trees and the purpose was also to examine whether they had acquired new experiences and thoughts on the trees, photosynthesis and decomposition. Then the children were interviewed again to see if their answers were different. The results showed that the children gave different answers at the second interview.

A wastewater treatment plant has the task to refine the wastewater from substances that should not be released into the environment. The decomposition process can, in a simple way, be described as follows: micro-organisms breathe oxygen and eat unwanted substances. The environment in which the micro-organism lives is known as sludge and the correct amount of oxygen available in the sludge is important for the decomposition to be effective. The oxygenation of the sludge alone stands for about 30% of the plant?s energy consumption.

The purpose of this thesis was to develop and optimize a method of analysis for combustion of organic chemical products, followed by an ion chromatographic quantitative analysis. This was to be achieved with the decomposition equipment IKA AOD 1. The aim was to receive a precise and repeatable method that would be able to be applied to the process of qualification and technical marking of chemical products at the company, OKG AB in Oskarshamn. A complete instruction for the decomposition equipment and the method of analysis was written. A number of parameters were chosen from the general method of the combustion equipment, which then was tested parallel with a simultaneous development of an appropriate ion chromatographic method.

In order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from human activities fossil fuels will have to be replaced with renewable energy alternatives, such as bioenergy. Sweden has a great potential to produce bioenergy derived from forest products and there is currently a great interest within Sweden in using stumps for bioenergy production. However, the environmental consequences of the method need to be investigated before stump removal can be performed on a large scale. Swedish forest soils contain large carbon pools and a different land use may change conditions so that soils that presently act as sinks of carbon could potentially turn into sources of carbon release instead. This study investigates the initial effects of stump harvesting on the emissions of three greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide. The emissions were measured from the soil surface in a Norway spruce forest located in the southern part of Sweden.