This study investigates the relationship strategies the group Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certification holder has with the forest owners. The (FSC) standard enables an organization to manage a group of forest management units under a single certificate, a process referred to as group certification. Some certificate holders want a close relationship with the forest owner before they are offered to become part of their certificate. Other certificate holders have less strict demands on a close relationship with the forest owner before they are offered to become part of their certificate. The study shows that it is in many ways desirable to have a close relationship between forest owner and group certification holder..

Abstract:Title: Engelska (Svenska)Number of pages: 40 (47 including appendix)Author: Carl StrandTutor: Göran SvenssonCourse: Media and Communication Studies CPeriod: Fall 2005University: Division of Media and Communication, Department of Information Science, Uppsala UniversityPurpose/Aim: The purpose of this essay is to analyze how young people, in the ages 18 to 25, relate to the subject of file sharing, and what their attitudes to this phenomenon are. I aim to describe how they use file sharing, their knowledge about it, how their usage have changed due to the new copyright law, what their stands are on the question of resource control and management on the Internet, and what they think of the future of file sharing.Material/Method: The method being used is a qualitative focus group interview model, used to investigate how young people look at the subject of file sharing. The results of the interviews is then applied to a theoretical framework based on thoughts of Denis McQuail, Lawrence Lessig concerning creativity, copyright, resource management and file sharing on the InternetMain Results: My conclusion is that the widespread file sharing habits of young people is not only caused by the temptation of getting free stuff, but of the lack of commercial and legal alternatives. Youths are willing to pay for media if the distribution is superior to the illegal file sharing alternative. They are a generation of young people that has grown up in a society where the tendency in many fields has been to make everything faster and more effective.

Today, equine breeding is based on performance and conformation, resulting in a vast variation in fertility among different horses, with noticeable economic losses as a consequence. The horse breeding industry is therefore in need of methods that diagnose the spermatozoa concerning their quality and provide the best sperm for AI. The commonly used selection methods for sperm today are: centrifugation, where extender is added, the sample is centrifuged and then resuspended; swim-up self-migration; adherence separation; and density gradient centrifugation. However, none of these methods are in used routinely in practice before inseminating mares with fresh or cooled semen. The aim of this study was to evaluate a new selection method, Single Layer Centrifugation (SLC), and its effect on sperm viability. The viability was analyzed with regard to membrane integrity and membrane stability of ejaculated spermatozoa.

This work is meant to contribute to the research of adaptation studies by focusing on a special case: the transformation of a fictional diary into a movie. In order to sustain the form of the literary source the adaptation to movie requires certain strategies. Först of all, the diary genre is characterized by a one-dimensional narration. Second, diaries only supply a few written dialogues, hence this "void" has to be compensated and filled by media specific measures. Third, the investigated diary is a story of individualization and emancipation of a single woman.

Infectious Bronchitis (IB) is a highly contagious viral respiratory and productiondepressant disease distributed world wide. The disease is caused by the InfectiousBronchitis Virus (IBV), a positive RNA strand Avian Coronavirus within thegenus Gammacoronavirus. Due to a combination of high mutation rate and atendency of recombination a constant emergence of new genotypes and serotypesis seen. In Brazil, a country with an extensive poultry production and majorproblems with disease control, the diversity of circulating strains are wide andoutbreaks of clinical disease despite intensive use of vaccines are common. Theaim of this study was to investigate the presence of IBV and to identify genotypesof isolated IBVs in a limited number of layer flocks in Bastos, São Paulo, as partof the screening for circulating genotypes in the country.

I have been studied Microsoft SharePoint on behalf of Prevas in Karlstad.The purpose of my work was to see if Microsoft SharePoint was what Prevas wanted as a replacement for the existing intranet, which they are not satisfied with today.My work was a kind of foundation for Prevas so they could make a decision in this matter.The work began with installing SharePoint at one single server at Prevas. We used a virtual technology (VMware) at the installation, which can be described as that we created two ?miniservers? in a bigger server, one for SharePoint and the other for storing the information. This kind of technology is strongly advancing. The main work consisted of setting up the structure for the navigation and designing both the portal and the local homepage for Prevas Karlstad.

Uppsatsens syfte har varit att studera hur hanteringen av riksintresset enligt 4:e kap. 1-2 §§ Miljöbalken och motsvarande tidigare regleringar har fungerat över tid i norra Bohuslän, genom att undersöka den faktiska bebyggelseutvecklingen 1976- 2013. Syftet är även att undersöka hur kommunala politiker och tjänstemän samt Länsstyrelsen ser på denna utvecklig och inför framtiden. Detta för att få en indikation om hur området skulle kunna komma vara exploaterat i framtiden. Syftet har besvarats genom följande frågeställningar:Hur har bebyggelseutvecklingen skett i kustlandskapet Norra Bohuslän 1976-2013?Hur ser kommunala politiker och tjänstemän samt Länsstyrelsen på denna utveckling?Hur ser kommunala politiker och tjänstemän samt Länsstyrelsen på lagbestämmelserna,4 kap 1-2 § MB, inför framtiden?Utgångpunkterna som denna uppsats baseras på är olika förhållningssätt som kunnat urskiljas i den litteratur som studerats.Undersökningen i uppsatsen har byggts på två innehållsanalyser, en kvantitativ som baserats dels på kartmaterial från 1976 och 2013 och dels en kvalitativ baserat på intervjuer med utvalda kommunala tjänstemän och politiker samt från Länsstyrelsen.I den kvantitativa innehållsanalysen har hela norra Bohusläns kust- och skärgårdsområde omfattandes av ca 60 kartblad av ekonomiska kartan från 1976-1977 studerats och jämförts med fastighetskartan från 2013 för att skapa en bild av hur bebyggelseutvecklingen skett.

To build high-rise buildings made of timber has for long been limited by national laws, due to the lack of knowledge in engineering solutions. Frame structures made of wood has for a long time been associated with major fire hazards and consequently lower safety and this connection is still being made today. The increased environmental awareness in recent years has contributed to the exploitation of indigenous building materials, including wood from our own Swedish forests and has become increasingly common. Increased knowledge about how structures behave in fire and how they can be protected in order to achieve safe timber structures has resulted in a growing interest in these structures in the construction industry. Research in the area is constantly updated and new laws allow any number of storeys in wooden buildings in Sweden as long as the performance requirements are fulfilled.The main part of this work has involved calculations of the fire resistance and load bearing capacity of floor and wall constructions.

Ett företag med ett flertal leverantörer måste på sikt välja ut vilka leverantörer man önskar arbeta aktivt/passivt med. För att kunna göra detta krävs att man tar fram konkurrenskraftiga leverantörsstrategier som bygger på välgenomtänkta beslut. Dessa beslut måste ta hänsyn till inköpets totala risk för leverantör och komponent. Den totala risken är oftast väldigt specifik för varje företag och bygger på ett flertal olika parametrar. Författarna ger i denna uppsats förslag på tre parametrar som kan hjälpa företag att ta fram effektiva leverantörsstrategier.

Denna litteraturstudie behandlar strålbenshälta hos häst, även känd som Navicular disease (ND). Studien beskriver sjukdomen och dess karaktäristiska drag, samt belyser de två huvudsakliga teorierna om den bakomliggande orsaken till insjuknandet. Det finns tydliga inklusions- och exklusionskriterier, vilka är viktiga för att kunna göra en omfattande hältutredning och för att kunna ställa rätt diagnos, som är betydande för att ge rätt behandling. Litteraturstudien belyser även det faktum att hästar drabbade av ND har visat sig ha högre intramedullärt tryck i strålbenet, samt vilka genetiska riskfaktorer som visat sig vara kopplade till sjukdomen. De genetiska defekter som behandlas är röntgenförändringar i strålbenskonturen (RAC) och strålbensstrukturen (RAS), samt utvecklandet av deformerade näringsfåror i strålbenet (DCS).

High-precision cutting in metal is very complicated, a lot of parameters affect the result: what geometries to be manufactured, surface roughness and tolerances to be achieved, batch size etcetera. When pull-broaching internal parts this might be even more important, than in any other cutting operation. Everything is machined in one single stroke and the general technology is built in to the tool, therefore big investments must be made to change the process. Milling for an example: one piece at a time is machined away, and a lot of parameters can be changed easily.It is very high pressure on the cutting-edge when the broach is cutting. To achieve the specified product and to avoid unnecessary toolwear it is essential to use the right cuttingfluid and the right cuttingspeed for an example.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att ge en forskningsöversikt kring begreppet social sårbarhet i relation till naturkatastrofer i allmänhet. Sårbarhet i relation till naturkatastrofer har kartlagts och studerats vetenskapligt under en kortare period, medan social sårbarhet, som är en undergrupp till sårbarhetsfältet, har studerats förhållandevis lite. Genom att ta reda på vilka människor/grupper av människor som är mest utsatta för naturkatastrofer finns det en möjlighet för beslutsfattare att fatta välgrundade beslut om var förebyggande insatser bör göras, såväl som akuta insatser i händelse av en naturkatastrof. Tanken är att denna uppsats skall ligga till grund för en lokal studie 2009-2010 av social sårbarhet i en utvald kommun vid Vänerns strand. Vänern är som känt hotad av ökad översvämningsrisk i samband med klimatförändringar och vikten av att undersöka social sårbarhet där är stor.

Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) is a tree species that have its natural distribution along the West Coast of North America, from Alaska in the north to northern California in the south. Sitka spruce is a typical coastal tree species that can reach heights up to 85 meters and occurs in single pure as well as in mixed stands. The main purposes of this study were to describe the Sitka spruce growing characteristics and the volume production in comparison to spruce (Picea abies). The possibility to predict future volume production by using prognosis tools designed to be used on spruce were also studied. The material that has been used in this study are permanent sitka trials established by the Faculty of Forestry fixed Sitka trials and also material gathered in this study. A literature study was also carried out in order to determine the Sitka spruce growing characteristics. Sitka spruce has a high adaptation and a high volume production on a broad scale of soil types. The tree species is a pioneer species that has a fast early growth and in combination with sharp needles it is less susceptible to animal browsing than spruce. The factor that is the single most limiting factor for where the Sitka spruce can be planted is frost. This factor can be limited by using plant material with a well-suited provenance. According to the literature, the Sitka spruce has an average total volume production that is between 20-40% higher than spruce.

This study aims to examine play as a phenomena from a phenomenological approach. This I do by discussing a dominant approach to play, an perspective which is reproduced in the context of pre-school and in where the play and learning is in single focus. Using alternative perspective on play, mainly by Gadamer and Bakthtins philosophical thoughts about the feast or the carnival, contents differ significantly from educational or developmental psychology perspectives. I open up for an understanding of what play as ontology can be understood as, and thereby enable second readings. I illustrate this thought by an empirical example from a pre-school context which where created alongside with the children in the study.

This is a report on the development and implementation of the web shop ?Urballa Ur?, a web application developed by nine students at Linköping university. The report illustrates the methodology and process with intention to answer the question ?How can an online watch store be implemented to increase sales??. During the process the agile method scrum has been used as a working method.