The aim of this thesis is to study the possibility of the existence of a specialist in bone tools manufacturing during the Mesolithic. The thesis describes the climate during the Mesolithic, argues for an experimental approach, and describes social organization in hunter-gatherer-groups and the processes behind cultural transmission. It also gives some examples of excavation sites in Scandinavia. An experiment simulating a teaching situation is made, in addition to the theoretical information, with the intent to explore how advanced the crafting of bone really is. The physical result is then studied and documented.

Bacillus anthracis is the causative agent of anthrax, a serious and globally distributed zoonosis affecting a wide range of wild and domestic animals, invariably also humans. However, although known to humans since biblical times, much remains to be elucidated concerning the ecology and transmission of this bacterium. Of particular interest is the Bacillus anthracis spore, the uptake of which is the predominant way to contract anthrax and which is legendary for its resilience in the environment and thus crucial for persistence and spread of the disease. Hence, the aim of this study is to review the natural transmission of Bacillus anthracis and investigate potential means by which soil persisting Bacillus anthracis spores reach concentrations sufficient to infect susceptible hosts. When reviewing the literature, three different theories can be distinguished. Firstly, ?the incubator area? hypothesis suggests that favourable soil factors, possibly in association with amoebas, may constitute an environment supporting repeated spore-bacterium-spore cycling, thus increasing the local amount of spores.

The report handles the transmission of signals from piezoresistive pressuresensors and thermocouple from a rotating object. This report also evaluates the possibility to collect data in a datalogger that rotates with the object. Telemetrics was previously used for signaltransmission in Finspång, therefore there has been no tests considering preassure measuring. One transmitting method handled in this report is transmission through a slipring connection. One test with a slipring connection was performed for transmitting signals from a piezoresistive preassuresensor.

Volvo Human Monitoring (VHM) is an ongoing project at Volvo Cars where they measure, amongst other parameters, inhalation and exhalation through a device called Respiratory Inductance Plethysmograph (RIP), on drivers. RIP measures changes in the cross-sectional area of the chest and abdomen. When the driver is in motion, such as when she is turning the vehicle, the cross-sectional area changes and noise in the RIP signal may arise.The noise results in a large number of manual adjustments in the analysis of the RIP signal, which is very time consuming and the validity of the device for measuring inhalation and exhalation is questioned.The purpose of this study was to improve the efficiency of the analysis of the RIP signal. The goal was to create a new data processing tool in Matlab that automatically detects inhalation and exhalation from a RIP signal with higher validity compared to the previous data processing tool.In this study, nine tests were performed on drivers while they were driving in different scenarios such as highway, country road and in city traffic. Inhalation and exhalation was measured using a RIP, a pneumotachograph with a tightly sealed facemask and a thermocouple placed between the nose and mouth, which was used as reference to the RIP.The result of this study was a data processing tool that automatically detects inhalation and exhalation with higher validity compared to the previous data processing tool.

The report aims to investigate how well a certain type of affordable embedded single board computer can hold up against today's more expensive computers in a computer system by doing various tests on a system with the specified requirements. The system has a Raspberry Pi as the single board computer which task is to control a camera based on coordinates obtained from a server as well as capture and stream a video signal on a network.The researches were conducted to check how much network traffic a single-chip computer sent in different video formats and how much CPU utilization was required. Studies were also made to ensure the accuracy of the camera control. The researches have been experimental, where several tests have been performed and analyzed.The results show that a sufficiently good accuracy can be obtained from the camera steering unit, in which two different servos have been investigated. When the video format MJPEG and H.264 are used, the single-chip computer is able to transmit a video signal up to 1280x720 at 15 fps.

Målet med examensarbetet var att ett trådlöst mätdatainsamlingssystem ska tas fram för att ersätta det trådburna insamlingssystem som idag används vid FOI i Bromma, vid mätning på vindtunnelmodeller. Projektet innefattar konstruktion, inköp, dokumentation, test och utvärdering. En del i projektet är att utvärdera ett nytt CAD system för kretskortskonstruktion.Enligt framtagen kravspecifikation konstrueras ett signalkonditionerande kort som förstärker, balanserar och filtrerar insamlad signal samt ett processorkort som digitaliserar och skickar konditionerad signal trådlöst till mottagande del.Prototypen som projektet resulterar i, uppfyller de krav och specifikationer som FOI hade på det nya systemet, dvs. analog signalkonditionering, digitalisering och tvåvägskommunikation. Systemet har med sin enkla funktion påvisat att lösningen är realiserbar och att den fungerar.

The purpose of this master thesis is to construct a steering transmission, for a trackedvehicle, containing two hydraulic circuits which are connected. The steeringtransmission should be mechanical to avoid steer-by-wire.BAE Systems Hägglunds has in an earlier study examined a system with two hydraulicpumps and one hydraulic motor, but the safety of the system wasn?t sufficient.To achieve sufficient redundancy there must be two hydraulic motors, which arecontrolled separately. When the two systems are connected in one point, this point is acritical part of the system because it directly affects both circuits. If one of the hydrauliccircuits fails the other should be able to operate independently as a steeringtransmission.

Målet med detta examensarbete var att utveckla en fungerande prototyp för styrning av ett portabelt filter med varvtalsreglering och tidräkning. Om möjlighet fanns, skulle även tillval som tryckstyrning, gasindikering och flödesmätning göras. Dessa tillval kunde regleras med hjälp av fyra knappar. För att allt skulle vara lättare att hålla under uppsikt, kunde alla inställningar och värden ses på en LCD-display. Konstruktionen består av en mikrokontrollerstyrd elektronikkoppling med extern realtidsklocka för drifttidsräkning.

I detta examensarbete har ett system utvecklats som samplar och digitaliserar en högfrekvent analog signal och lagrar de samplade värdena i ett minne. Systemet genererar en analog utsignal genom att antingen direkt omvandla de samplade värdena eller genom att använda sampels lagrade i minnet som källa för omvandlingen. Det går då att använda systemet både som en passiv länk eller som en signalkälla.En triggfunktion har implementerats för att på ett effektivt sätt ge möjlighet att fylla minnet med för användaren intressanta delar av en signal. Arbetet går även ut på att undersöka om ett FPGA-kort av typen Stratix II DSP Development Kit är ett lämpligt utvecklingskort för att ta fram en prototyp av systemet. Kortet har undersökts med avseende på olika begränsningar för det utvecklade systemet, till exempel vilka frekvenser en insignal kan samplas i.Ett annat användningsområdet för systemet är möjligheten att få alla sampels lagrade på kortet presenterat i en textfil på en ansluten PC.

This paper investigates whether the traditional accrual based trading strategy first documented by Sloan (1996) can be refined using fundamental analysis. Specifically, this is done by implementing the composite signal F_SCORE introduced by Piotroski (2000) to identify financially strong or weak firms. We find that by applying both investment models simultaneously, in a model we call P_KOMB, the mean market-adjusted return earned by an investor exploiting the accrual anomaly can be increased by 14.8% annually. This is achieved by taking a long position in strong firms (as defined by the composite signal) in the lowest accrual portfolio, while an offsetting short position is taken in weak firms in the highest accrual portfolio, repeated annually between 1997 and 2007. Consistent with prior studies, positive market-adjusted returns can be attained through assessment of accruals as well as key value drivers found in historical financial data.

This report describes how to process audio signals in real time with a digital signalprocessor. The digital signal processor used in the thesis and described in the reportare the Blackfin processor ADSP-BF537 from Analog Devices.In the body of this report there is theory of the processor characteristics and thevarious programming languages used. All experiments that were made on theprocessor are described, these descriptions also help in understanding the annexeswhere the experiments will be presented. The body of this report also describes theprogram used to do experiments. Testing the CPU limit was done and the results arepresented to get a good view of what it can handle.

Softube has developed DSP-card and software for simulation of the sound of old tube amplifiers. The purpose with this thesis is to design a compact amplifier with high power to function together with the DSP-card and build a unit that can replace several other guitar amplifiers. The advantages with that kind of solution could be that it would be cheaper, easier to carry and easier to stor than the real amplifiers. The amplifier that has been designed is of class D type with digital PWM modulator. There is several types of amplifier modules on the market that use analog input signal, but if one of them would be used a D-A converter is needed on the DSP card.

The report aims to investigate how well a certain type of affordable embedded single board computer can hold up against today's more expensive computers in a computer system by doing various tests on a system with the specified requirements. The system has a Raspberry Pi as the single board computer which task is to control a camera based on coordinates obtained from a server as well as capture and stream a video signal on a network.The researches were conducted to check how much network traffic a single-chip computer sent in different video formats and how much CPU utilization was required. Studies were also made to ensure the accuracy of the camera control. The researches have been experimental, where several tests have been performed and analyzed.The results show that a sufficiently good accuracy can be obtained from the camera steering unit, in which two different servos have been investigated. When the video format MJPEG and H.264 are used, the single-chip computer is able to transmit a video signal up to 1280x720 at 15 fps.

Genom samtal med radioamatörer visade det sig att det fanns ett intresse för att använda rumsdiversitet på deras mottagare då de upplevde fädning (vid körning med bil) som ett problem för hörbarheten. I ett system där mottagaren är stationär och sändaren mobil kommer den mottagna signalen att fäda ibland då radiovågorna tar olika vägar till mottagaren och ibland förstärker och ibland stör varandra. Tanken med detta examensarbete var att kunna ta emot två bandbegränsade audiosignaler från två mottagare med varsin antenn som tar emot samma signal (rumsdiversitet) och vikta ihop dessa med lämplig metod för att få ut en bättre signal. Om man kunde implementera ett diversitetssystem med VHDL i en FPGA så skulle man få ett system som var både billigt och flexibelt. I det här examensarbetet har jag försökt att konstruera ett sådant system..

Increased trade and eased policy restrictions have brought markets closer together. Prices at different locations are much likely to affect each other to a certain extent. Since the adaption of Common Agricultural Policy in 1995 the Swedish wheat market has been exposed to the world market and Swedish farmers are facing new challenges. A broader knowledge about market integration and price transmission will facilitate Swedish farmers, banks and politicians in making rational decisions. Therefore the aim of this research is to explain how global wheat prices are transmitted on Swedish wheat prices.