Dysfagi betyder svårt att svälja och innefattar många olika problem. Det kan vara svårigheter med att få födan att passera från munnen bakåt till svalget, att riskera att få ner mat och dryck i lungorna vilket ger lungkomplikationer. En känsla av att maten fastnar i bröstet men också ett hot om isolering. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att undersöka patientens egna upplevelser av måltidssituationer, hur malnutrition kan förebyggas samt vilka omvårdnadsåtgärder som underlättar ätandet för patienter som i samband med en stroke drabbats av dysfagi. Artiklar har sökts i databaserna Blackwell Synergy, Swemed+, Elin@Dalarna och Medline.

Dysfagi betyder svårt att svälja och innefattar många olika problem. Det kan vara svårigheter med att få födan att passera från munnen bakåt till svalget, att riskera att få ner mat och dryck i lungorna vilket ger lungkomplikationer. En känsla av att maten fastnar i bröstet men också ett hot om isolering. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att undersöka patientens egna upplevelser av måltidssituationer, hur malnutrition kan förebyggas samt vilka omvårdnadsåtgärder som underlättar ätandet för patienter som i samband med en stroke drabbats av dysfagi. Artiklar har sökts i databaserna Blackwell Synergy, Swemed+, Elin@Dalarna och Medline.

Farmers are required to make sure that cattles basic needs are met, but still every year cases of neglect occur where the farmer has not complied within the animal welfare law and regulations. The aim of this study was to investigate how cattle are affected physically and behaviourally by neglect in the form of underfeeding, starvation and lack of sanitation, which animals are most vulnerable to the impact and what prospects they have to recover. The study was conducted as a literature study and the results show that these types of neglect have a large impact on the cattle welfare. Underfeeding and starvation causes physical changes leading to reduced milk production, reduced muscle mass, impaired immune function, poor reproductive performance and changes in rumen microflora leading to decreased number of microbes and pH change. Physical changes due to the lack of sanitation consist of increased vulnerability to hoof diseases and mastitis, burns, and increased sensitivity to temperature.

In this thesis, I enquire into how the USA ? our world?s wealthiest and most powerful nation ?  and its federal government has dealt with two of its most severe natural disasters: the drought and dust storms that plagued the Great Plains during the 1930?s, i.e. the Dust Bowl, and Hurricane Katrina, which made landfall in late August 2005. I attempt to identify differences and similarities and analyze if and, in that case, how the hegemonic politico-economic paradigm affected the federal management of these crises. This comparison is made relevant by the fact that two differing paradigms were at play during these events. In the thirties, President Franklin D. Roosevelt launched his ?New Deal?, a series of counter cyclical measures in line with the Keynesian school of economics, as a response to the overwhelming economic depression as well as the raging drought.

This study is concerned with the region of Öresund and the aspects of work commuting in particular. The purpose is to investigate attitudes and opinions towards the region among work commuters and then apply them to various theories relevant for the questioning, such as globalization, regionalization, ethnicity, nationalism, culture and identity. To investigate the attitudes towards the region we have done a number of interviews with commuters, using qualitative and semi-structured questions. The analysis is divided into three different parts; In Body and in Mind, Us and Them, the Future; and consists of a discussion of our informants? answers related to the theoretical aspects of the earlier mentioned theories.

 Bakgrund: ADHD står för Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder vilket innebär uppmärksamhetsstörning, koncentrationssvårigheter och planeringssvårigheter, nedsatt arbetsminne samt dålig tidsuppfattning. Barnets sjukdom påverkar hela familjen. Syfte: Att beskriva föräldrars upplevelser av att leva med ett barn med en ADHD diagnos. Metod: En allmän litteraturstudie som byggde på 10 vetenskapliga empiriska artiklar. Resultat: Mödrarna kände sig utpekade, vilket ledde till skuldkänslor, stress och depression.

The thesis aims to examine the occurrence of Earnings Management (EM) preceding Seasoned Equity Offerings (SEOs) on the Swedish capital market. EM refers to activities and adjustments carried out by managers. The underlying purpose of these actions is to adjust net income. The procedure is typically done by borrowing income from future periods. Evidence of EM around SEOs has been documented on capital markets around the world, and the effects on firms' post-offering performance are severe.

Our study aimed at gaining insight of co-workers experiences of different factors that affects the verbal communication and leads to dialogue and misunderstanding between co-workers and their managers. The empirical material was gained from semi-structured interviews with co-workers at various departments within the same organization. We used a hermeneutic interpretive approach and our data was analyzed concerning different factors affecting communication. The result has been interpreted using the theories of deliberative conversations and dialogue competence. We have also used Illeris theory of learning.

Förekomst av mentala problem som depression, ångest och självmordsbenägenhet, det villsäga självmordstankar och självmordsförsök hos överskuldsatta individer, jämfördes med normalpopulationen i Sverige. Därutöver undersöktes vilka faktorer i de överskuldsattas sociala och ekonomiska bakgrund som kan samvariera med dessa former av mentala problem. Studien som byggde på självrapporterade uppgifter (HAD-skalan, Hopplöshetsskalan och Paykels suicidinstrument), samt ett antal bakgrundsfrågor av social och ekonomisk karaktär, var baserad på ett icke-randomiserat sampel (n=199). Resultatanalyserna visade på en hög förekomst av allvarlig depression/ångest och självmordsbenägenhet hos överskuldsatta i jämförelse med normalbefolkningen, dock var sambanden mellan mental hälsa och predicerande faktorer (som skuldprofil, ålder, kön, utbildning, sysselsättning och civilstånd) få och svaga. Det finns ett behov av fortsatta undersökningar av möjliga orsaker till mentala problem bland överskuldsatta individer..

Undernäring är ett tillstånd som kan påverka äldre personers dagliga liv och som därmed kan påverka hälsan negativt. Faktorerna som kan leda till undernäring är många och av skiftande slag. Syftet med arbetet var att identifiera och beskriva faktorer som kan leda till att äldre personer bli undernärda. Metoden som användes var en systematisk litteraturstudie och genomförandet av sökningarna gjordes i de vetenskapliga databaserna Cinahl, ELIN, PsycINFO och PubMed. I den systematiska litteraturstudien ingick 12 kvalitetsgranskade artiklar, både kvantitativa och kvalitativa studier.

Swedish energy policy aims to increase the use of energy from renewable sources and this should be done in a safe, environmentally and sustainable manner. According to the Energy Agency the use bio-fuel increased by 73% between 1990 - 2006. Stands with high share of slash are often located on areas with high productivity which often are located on soils with poor bearing capacity. This will increase traffic on susceptible soil leading to increased ground damage. To reduce the risk of ground damage at slash-forwarding, ground protection is needed.

Swedish energy policy aims to increase the use of energy from renewable sources and this should be done in a safe, environmentally and sustainable manner. According to the Energy Agency the use bio-fuel increased by 73% between 1990 - 2006. Stands with high share of slash are often located on areas with high productivity which often are located on soils with poor bearing capacity. This will increase traffic on susceptible soil leading to increased ground damage. To reduce the risk of ground damage at slash-forwarding, ground protection is needed.

In the spring of 2006 a pilot project was initiated by The Rural Economy and Agricultural Societies of Sweden together with The Swedish Ornithological Society in order to increase collaboration between bird watchers and farmers. The project as a whole comprised 11 farms in South-Central Sweden. The aim was to benefit the decreasing populations of bird species related to the agricultural landscape. The purpose of this master thesis was to study how similarities and differences between bird watchers and farmers regarding opinions about nature, landscape, agriculture, birds and nature conservation have influenced the collaboration. Four of the farmers and five of the bird watchers that participated in the project were included in this study.

This report is an attempt to clarify how religious and non-religious views-of-life [livsåskådningar] are created through the collaboration and opposition of religious and scientific elements/ideas. This with the hope of reaching a fruitful result related to the solution of world-view related conflicts, such as the ones existing between science and religion, on an individual and societal level.This is accomplished with the help of two assertions: (1) Mankind has a need to explain its existence and surroundings. (2) Religion and science has their origins in the same seed and aim to serve the same purpose, or function. Together these two assertions lay the theoretical foundations of this report which implies that all humans have an innate need of sustaining a stable world-view.The result of this report is that a final solution to world-view related conflicts are beyond reach as our mental and physical nature limits us. However there are strategies for minimizing world-view related conflicts effect on society..

Syftet med uppsatsen är att som flöjtist utveckla och undersöka det musikaliska, mentala och sceniska arbetet inför och i samband med 2 konserter och en provspelning. Jag har spelat in de tre tillfällena och sedan jämfört min egen upplevelse av konserten med ljudinspelningen. Utifrån detta har jag sedan utvärderat och hittat vägar att arbeta inför och under en konsert och andra typer av liknande uppspelningssituationer. Målet med arbetet har varit att hitta strategier och verktyg för att hantera olika typer av spelsituationer som är användbara för både mig själv och andra musiker. Resultatet jag kom fram till genom arbetet var att god förberedelse av både det musikaliska materialet och de praktiska delarna inför en konsert är till stor del det som påverkar slutresultatet i positiv riktning..