Idag utsätter vi våra kroppar för ett stresspåslag som vi inte är skapta att klara av, kronisk stress. Stress kan vara en positiv faktor när vi ska prestera, men när kraven blir för höga får kroppen ingen återhämtning vilket kan orsaka både fysisk- och psykisk skada. Syftet med studien var att undersöka om det fanns något förhållande mellan upplevd stressnivå och nivån av fysisk aktivitet hos vuxna. Alla deltagare bar en plomberad pedometer under fyra dygn, antal steg lästes av den fjärde dagen av undersökningsledaren. Enkäten Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) användes i en svensk förkortad översättning.

Domesticerade djur separeras ofta abrupt från sin mamma efter födseln och ofta mycket tidigare än när den naturliga avvänjningen skulle ske. Naturligt sker avvänjning hos nötkreatur mellan 7 och 14 månader. De mjölkproducerande djuren separeras dock från sina ungar direkt efter födseln på de flesta gårdar i Europa och Nordamerika. Detta påverkar både ko och kalv. Förutom att de separeras från varandra innebär ofta separationen ytterligare stressfaktorer som nya fysiska miljöer och sociala förändringar. Kor som separeras från sina kalvar efter 4 dagar vokaliserar mer än kor vars kalvar är yngre vid separationen.

The purpose of this study was to examine and illustrate how people look at themselves and their happiness in relation to their economic situation. This study was based on interviews with eight adults divided in two groups, four were big-income earners and four were unemployed/sick-listed. I identified factors that affected the feeling of happiness such as family, friends and economy. During the process four themes were identified, happiness, work, economic strain and the importence of money versus happiness. The analysis was based on the concept of aspiration levels and an economic perspective.The conclusion of the analysis was a surprise to me, showing that economic strain could be detected in both groups but by different means.

Background: People who is close to patients suffering from incurable diseases experiences both suffering and grief. It is hard to be there for someone and at the same time handle your own grief. This can create feeling of anxiety, stress and guilt. Problem: Near related persons might not accept the further loss of someone near, the hope remains until it is final. They may not know the whole width of the situation, not acknowledge to the patient or himself how it is going to end.

I dagens samhälle drabbas ett större antal individer av en hjärtinfarkt varje år. Bland de vanligaste komplikationer som kan uppstå efter en hjärtinfarkt är depression som kan leda till återinsjuknande eller för tidig död. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att studera vilka effekter rehabiliteringsprogram har på patienten efter insjuknande i hjärtinfarkt samt se om de minskar graden av depression. Metoden var en systematisk litteraturstudie som utgick från åtta kvantitativa artiklar som kvalitetsbedömdes enligt Goodmans sju steg. Den teoretiska referensramen som användes utgick från Carnevalis modell Dagligt Liv ? Funktionellt hälsotillstånd.

The aim with this study was to examine professional peoples' view on the reason why females, under the age of 18 years old, self-harm and the professionals view on their treatment. The study is qualitative and based on eight interviews with professional personnel who work with young females with self-harm behavior in the region of Skåne. To be able to analyze our qualitative interviews we used two theories; the attachment theory and trauma theory. The results of this study show that there are many different functions with the self-harm behavior and that the cause of the behavior can be different among the females. Most of the young females seem to self-harm to reduce anxiety but some also do it to punish themselves, to feel alive or to belong to a group of friends.

The aim of this study was to examine why young females develop self-harm behaviour. We also wanted to look at the differences between young females born in foreign countries and young females born in Sweden and investigate if there were any differences regarding the reasons for developing self-harm behaviour and the actual extent of the self-harm behaviour within the group. We used a qualitative method and performed interviews with nine professionals that work with young females with self-harm behaviour. To be able to analyse our qualitative interviews we used concepts such as modernity, anomie, safety and cultural differences in the bringing up of children. The results of this study shows that self-harm behaviour is a symptom of excessive anxiety, which can be caused by a number of reasons, such as childhood trauma or great demands in modern society.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka vad personal på HVB-hemmet i Lagan gör för ensamkommande flyktingbarn, vilka känslor de ställs inför samt hur känslorna hanteras. Vi genomförde en kvalitativ studie där resultaten bygger på intervjuer och en observation. Personalen arbetar med att socialisera in ungdomarna i samhället. De finns till som stöd och försöker ge dem en meningsfull vardag genom att exempelvis uppmuntra ungdomarna till deltagande i fritidsaktiviteter.Personalen påverkas emotionellt av sitt arbete. De upplever främst glädje men det förekommer situationer där även frustration, oro eller otillräcklighet kan uppstå.

Suicidology deals a lot with taking into consideration significant symptoms, risk factors and establishing causal relationships which inevitably are very important for suicide prevention. But do we understand the suicide attempters better thereby? The aim with the study is to elucidate the meaning of the lived suicidal experience that is expressed by participants on an Internet forum. Ten participants' texts which concerned own suicidality were chosen out from this Internet forum and were analyzed and interpreted on the basis of a phenomenological hermeneutical method inspired by Ricoeur (1976). The result established twelve themes that with the aid of Heidegger (1993) and Derrida (1978, 1991) led to that the following conclusions could be drawn about the meaning of the suicidal lifeworld: suicidal concern and care in itself reduces the sense of identity, practical suicidal doing in itself reduces the world, sense of identity is more affected by the future than the present and the past, the death is escaped from through a calculating determination to have the death at one's disposal, inability to turn away from the death increases oscillating between states of emotions, the surrounding world's requirement to avoiding death becomes to a compulsion to isolate one self; and finally: to both feel anxiety in front of one self's own death and dread when escaping from it..

Mergers between companies has become more and more common in Sweden and in the rest of the world with the motive to increase the competitive strength in the current markets and has an important role within organisational development of companies. When organisations merger there is not only buildings and objects that are put together but also their individual organisational structures, people, values and cultures. This can be a difficult process and can affect many people in how they think conscious as well as unconscious, feel and react.The purpose of this thesis is to gain a deeper understanding of how employees are affected following a merger when changes in the organisational culture come up, and how these changes are expressed.This thesis is delimited to investigate only one company, Skruf Snus AB and only focus on their business and employees in the region of Stockholm. The thesis contains a qualitative investigation with semi structured interviews that has been carried out with eight employees at Skruf Snus AB. The thesis is partly based on a model of Schein which describes the different levels in organisational culture and partly on some theories about reactions to change in relation to the integration between the employees following a merger.The results of the investigation indicate that with a merger the whole organisational culture is affected and therefore also the employees.

Demens är en sjukdom som ökar i samhället till följd av att den äldre populationen ökar. Sjukdomen innebär ofta en försämrad livskvalitet för den drabbade samtidigt som det leder till samhällsekonomiska konsekvenser.  Vanligt förekommande beteendeförändringar är exempelvis oro, aggressivitet samt depression. Läkemedel är en vanlig förekommande åtgärd vid beteendeförändringar, men innebär ofta negativa konsekvenser såsom oönskade bieffekter samt onödiga kostnader. Musik är därför ett alternativt sätt till läkemedel för att lindra beteendeförändringar, då musiken skapar en lugn atmosfär och en meningsfull tillvaro. Syftet med litteraturstudien var därför att beskriva musikens påverkan på personer med demenssjukdom.Resultatet visade en lindring av oro, fysisk- och verbal aggressivitet samt depression efter det att personer med demens lyssnade på musik.

For many individuals gambling gives an opportunity for relaxation and social relations. The positive effects of gambling are for most individual?s considerable more than the negative effects. Even if gambling gives positive effects there is individuals that cannot control there gambling and therefore develop an addiction which disturb there life situation and health. The aim of this study was to describe which personal characteristics distinguish people with a pathological gambling and which psychological, physical and social consequences this pathological gambling causes for the individual.

Stressrelaterad ohälsa återfinns bland de vanligaste orsakerna till sjukfrånvaro i Sverige enligt statistik 2009. För att namnge stressrelaterad ohälsa används bl a utbrändhet, utmattningssyndrom och utmattningsdepression. Den förstnämnda benämningen anses som en olämplig felaktigt förmedlande direktöversättning ifrån det engelska ordet burnout medan den andra och tredje benämningen används och fungerar som erkända begrepp. Det utmattade tillståndet innebär en mängd fysiologiska och psykiska besvär däribland den basala emotionen rädsla och komplexa emotionen ångest. Syftet med undersökningen var att djupstudera dessa emotioner i samband med utmattningssyndrom.

When the introduction starts for the child and their parents it holds many emotions. There are many emotions involved in the first meeting between preschool and home for both the children and their parents. So my purpose with this study is to focus on two introduction models educators at my selected preschool works by. The purpose of my study is to focus on the two introduction models that are used by educators at my selected preschool. I ´m going to view this two models by examining how the educators prepare before the introduction starts and look at their point of view.

Background: Hypochondriasis is associated with marked impairments in physical and psychological functioning, work performance and increased health care utilization. The prevalence among medical outpatients is estimated to be between 4,2 % and 6,3 %. Notwithstanding there is deficient research in this area. Until recently no specific treatment has been clearly demonstrated to be effective. Objective: The aim was to investigate experiences of what it is like to live with hypochondriasis, but also to examine different treatment options.