The aim of this study is to shed light on the phenomenon of destructive sexual behavior among youth from the perspective of professionals working at nonprofit organizations. To examine this, we used a qualitative method; we interviewed professionals working at nonprofit organizations. To analyze our results we used gender theory and empowerment theory. Our main results are that the professionals view this behavior as deliberate self-harm, such as cutting, as they do it to achieve relief from anxiety. Also, the professionals think that gender norms affect young people with destructive sexual behavior in that it imposes guilt and shame, which inflicts their already low self-esteem and makes them feel inferior.

Aim: The aim of this study was to describe how nurses experience meeting patients with self-injurious behavior in health care and the factors that influence nurses' attitudes towards this particularly group of patients. The literature study also contains a review of the articles included datacollection method. Method: A descriptive literature review of quantitative and qualitative articles published between 2004 and 2014. The articles were sought in the databases PubMed and PsycINFO. The result of the present literaturestudy was based on 11 articles.Result:The nurses experiences were mainly positive, however, the results also shows that they feel antipathy, negative emotions, inadequacy and obstacles in the care of patients with self-injurious behavior.

This thesis discusses the Swedish drug policy and its principle of prohibition. In the world of today there is an ongoing discussion about prohibition and the concept of harm reduction. This thesis is an analysis of Swedish drug policy and an investigation as to whether the prohibition concept is in a state of decline. It tries to answer the question; is the Swedish drug policy moving away from its prohibition principle towards a harm reduction principle? The recent debate, articles, documents and earlier research has been analyzed in order to find answers to my questions.

Background: Since the end of the 1990`s the self-harm among adolescents have increased. Research is needed on how to improve the ability to care for these patients. That is why it is important to investigate how patients who self-harm and the next of kin are encountered by the caregivers.Aim: The aim of this study was to illuminate the experiences of encounters with caregivers at self-harm.Method: The study was based on narratives, which in this case means analysis of autobiographies. Five autobiographies were analyzed in accordance with a description by Dahlborg-Lyckhage. Four of these were written by self-harmers and one by a next of kin.Results: Three themes and twelve subthemes emerged which describe both negative and positive experiences of encounters with caregivers.

The main purpose of this thesis was to take part of girl?s descriptions and experiences of their treatment for deliberate self-harm and to investigate whether they still experience effects of the treatment today. Our main research questions where; how do the girls describe their experiences of the treatment method, do the girls describe that they still experience any effects of the treatment, and finally how do the girls look back on their treatment today? In order to answer these questions, we carried out eight qualitative telephone interviews with girls that had undergone treatment in a specific treatment centre. We chose to analyze the material from the salutogenic theory and the concepts of SOC (sense of coherence) and with a hermeneutic approach.

AbstractIntroduction: Hand Arm Risk Assessment Method (HARM) is a tool to assess the risks of deve­lo­ping complaints of the arm, neck or shoulders during manual work. The method was developed in the Netherlands primarily for employers, but is also used as an aid to work environment in­spec­tors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the HARM-method for assessment of biomecha­nical exposure of the upper limbs when performing manual tasks as well as its suitability to be used within work environment inspection. Methods: Ten labour inspectors conducted assessments of five video-recorded work tasks. Assess­ments made with HARM were compared with those made with the Assessment of Re­pe­titive Tasks (ART) tool and with ACGIH Hand Actvity Level (HAL) - both methods for assess­ment of bio­mecha­nical exposure of the upper limbs - and with the model for the assessment of re­pe­titive work in the pro­visions of the Swedish Work Environ­ment Autho­rity on ergonomics for the prevention of mus­culo­skeletal disorders, AFS 1998:1.

Background: More focus has been placed towards autonomy when it comes to care and in special towards palliative care. The purpose with palliative care is to relieve and support at the end of the life. When the patient has difficulties to communicate to those around him due to his illness it is hard to preserve the patients right of self-determination. It is very important to consider the patient as autonomous during the course of the illness. Different alternatives have been developed to preserve the patient?s autonomy such as dedicate a deputy or plan the care of the patient in advance.Aim: The aim of this study was to describe, from an ethical point of view, how the patient?s autonomy could preserved at palliative care.Method: A general literature study where 11 scientific articles have been analysed from a qualitative checklist whereof the result has been discussed based on the principles of ethics.

Background: More focus has been placed towards autonomy when it comes to care and in special towards palliative care. The purpose with palliative care is to relieve and support at the end of the life. When the patient has difficulties to communicate to those around him due to his illness it is hard to preserve the patients right of self-determination. It is very important to consider the patient as autonomous during the course of the illness. Different alternatives have been developed to preserve the patient?s autonomy such as dedicate a deputy or plan the care of the patient in advance.

The use of social media has increased considerably in recent years and has also caused some problems. It has been notable cases in the media where employees adversely criticized their employer on social networks, which subsequently led to the dismissal of the employee. The purpose of this study is to investigate an employee's right to express themselves about their employers in various forms but the main focus will be on social networks. The study investigates employees on both private and public sectors.Employees have a duty of loyalty to their employer, which means that they must be loyal to their employer and not deliberately harm them. The reason that employed comment his employer on social networks has its basis in that they also have freedom of speech and it is raised in such a case, a collision between their rights and responsibilities as an employee.The employees also hold a critique right entitling them to publicly criticize the employer and its activities.

The main purpose of this study was to examine, and illustrate, highschool social workers experiences of pupils with self-injurious behaviour. Self-injurious behaviour in this study refer to individuals who harm them-selves, with physical injury as consequence, without purpose to commit suicide. A qualitativ method was used and five highschool social workers, in the south of Sweden, were interviewed.The main questions were:- What kind of experiences have highschool welfare officers of pupils with self-injurious behaviour?- What view, and personal opinion have the welfare officers at the problem, and how do this affect them in their work with these pupils.The school social workers experiences of pupils with self- injurious behaviour, were for instance that the pupils often feel ashemed over their behaviour and that they often have lowe self-esteem. The social workers seemed to imagine the behaviour as a copingstrategy.It turned out that the social workers personality and their personal opinion regarding self-injurious behaviour, were of great importance in their work with these pupils..

Youth centres- A qualitative study of how midwives relate to the potential ethical dilemma between youths right to integrity and parents right to informationThe aim of this study was to investigate how midwives at youth centres relate to the potential ethical dilemma between parents? right to information that young people between 15-17 years share at the centre, vs. youths right to integrity. The study was based on qualitative interviews with six midwives in various youth centres in Stockholm County. We analysed our empirical material according to Blennbergers consequential ethical model and Bronfenbrenners ecological system model.

Background: Moral distress is an increasing concern among nurses in their workplace. Previous research has suggested that moral distress is associated with ethical climate and job dissatisfaction. Economic restraints in the organization have led to loss of nurses from the workplace. Aim: To examine nurses experience of moral distress and their causes. Method: The study was a literature review. Twelve articles were used in the study.

Denna uppsats behandlar ett antal stigmatiserade individers möjligheter att återinträda i samhällsgemenskapen efter ett liv i missbruk eller på institution. Detta har skildrats genom individernas livsresa, från inspärrning/inskrivning på totala institutioner till det vakuum som uppstår när de blivit frisläppta eller utskrivna, och vad de därefter har för möjligheter att förändra sin identitet och bli en del av samhällsgemenskapen. Vi har inriktat oss på en verksamhet, som fångar upp personer i ett mellanläge, efter inspärrning men före samhällsintegrering. Verksamheten har till skillnad från statliga behandlingsverksamheter en acceptans för Harm Reduction. I tidigare forskning har vi beskrivit missbruksvården och den svenska narkotikapolitiken.

Harm reduction som insats, har för avsikt att minska de negativa konsekvenserna som tenderar att följa missbruket. Konceptet härstammar från 1920-talets England där grunderna för behandlingsformen utvecklades efter att läkarkåren ansåg att underhåll av missbruk i flera fall kan vara nödvändigt. Metadonbehandling och sprututbytesprojekt är två exempel på Harm reduction relaterade insatser. Grunderna för metadonbehandlingen utvecklades i USA av Marie Nyswander och Vincent Dole och lanserades 1966 i Sverige av professor Lars Gunne, aktiv vid Ulleråkers sjukhus i Uppsala. Läkemedelsassisterad behandling är dokumenterat effektiv och visar goda resultat som t.ex.

Avsiktligt självskadebeteende bland normalbefolkningen är ett välkänt men ännu relativt outforskat fenomen. Syftet med föreliggande studie var att kartlägga förekomst och former av, samt könsskillnader i, avsiktligt självskadebeteende i en ickeklinisk ungdomspopulation, samt att undersöka eventuella samband mellan självskadebeteende och hjälpbehov, självmordsförsök, självkänsla, copingstrategier och aggressivitet. En förenklad version av Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory administrerades tillsammans med övriga frågor bland 211 gymnasieungdomar i Mellansverige. Resultatet visade att 37 % av tonåringarna skadat sig själva under det senaste året. Signifikanta könsskillnader förekom gällande såväl prevalens som form av självskadebeteende.